Change in prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the two years following trauma: a meta-analytic study.
Eur J Psychotraumatol
; 13(1): 2066456, 2022.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35646293
ABSTRACT
Background:
Understanding the course of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the factors that impact this is essential to inform decisions about when and for whom screening and intervention are likely to be beneficial.Objective:
To provide meta-analytic evidence of the course of recovery from PTSD in the first year following trauma, and the factors that influence that recovery.Method:
We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies of adult PTSD prevalence which included at least two assessments within the first 12 months following trauma exposure, examining prevalence statistics through to 2â years post-trauma. We examined trauma intentionality (intentional or non-intentional), PTSD assessment method (clinician or self-report), sample sex distribution, and age as moderators of PTSD prevalence over time.Results:
We identified 78 eligible studies including 16,484 participants. Pooled prevalence statistics indicated that over a quarter of individuals presented with PTSD at 1â month post-trauma, with this proportion reducing by a third between 1 and 3â months. Beyond 3â months, any prevalence changes were detected over longer intervals and were small in magnitude. Intentional trauma, younger age, and female sex were associated with higher PTSD prevalence at 1â month. In addition, higher proportions of females, intentional trauma exposure, and higher baseline PTSD prevalence were each associated with larger reductions in prevalence over time.Conclusions:
Recovery from PTSD following acute trauma exposure primarily occurs in the first 3â months post-trauma. Screening measures and intervention approaches offered at 3â months may better target persistent symptoms than those conducted prior to this point. HIGHLIGHTS PTSD rates in the immediate aftermath of trauma exposure decline from 27% at 1â month to 18% at 3â months post-trauma, showing significant spontaneous recovery.Problems appear to stabilize after 3â months.Screening/intervention for PTSD at 3â months post-trauma is indicated.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
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Systematic_reviews
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article