Patient experiences of prescription drug monitoring programs: a qualitative analysis from an Australian pharmaceutical helpline.

BACKGROUND: Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP) are electronic databases that are used to track and monitor the prescribing and dispensing of controlled substances, such as opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines. PDMP have been used widely throughout North America and have recently been implemented in Australia. Several unintended harms have been associated with PDMP in North America, including increased stigma, discrimination, and dismissal from care for patients prescribed these medications. AIMS: This study aimed to better understand how people who use prescription medications extramedically and their loved ones give meaning to their consumption and their treatment experiences and concerns in the context of a newly implemented real-time PDMP in Victoria, Australia. METHOD: Nineteen audio recordings of telephone calls made to the PDMP Pharmaceutical Helpline were transcribed and thematically analysed. RESULTS: Patients and their families were hopeful that PDMP would stop the extra medical use of medications. However, many were deeply concerned about how they would cope with withdrawal or life stressors without the support these medications afforded. Patients reported experiences of stigma and strained therapeutic relationships associated with PDMP implementation. CONCLUSION: PDMP have the potential to both assist and harm patients whose prescription medication use has been identified as 'risky' by the PDMP. The findings from this study suggest that clear and open communication, as well as reflection on unconscious bias and stigma may assist healthcare providers to facilitate better patient experiences and outcomes in the context of prescription medication dependence.