Higher SUVmax on FDG-PET is associated with shorter survival in adrenocortical carcinoma.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive, rare malignancy. 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) assesses tumor metabolism and glucose utilization. We hypothesized that higher maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) is associated with decreased survival. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with ACC. Included patients (n = 26) had an FDG-PET scan available with a documentable SUVmax. Patients were dichotomized into "High" (≥8.4, n = 12) and "Low" (<8.4, n = 14) SUVmax. Univariate analysis and survival analysis were performed to compare groups. RESULTS: Demographics between groups were equivalent. The high SUVmax cohort demonstrated lower survival (median 479 days or 15.7 months) compared to the low group (median 1490 days or 48.6 months, p = .01). Log-Rank curve confirmed differences in survival (p = .007). CONCLUSIONS: Higher SUVmax was associated with significantly worse survival in ACC and may reflect a more aggressive phenotype. FDG-PET may provide clinically useful information to determine prognosis and treatment. Further studies should prospectively evaluate using FDG-PET/CT in ACC.