Protective Effect of Neonatal Hepatitis B Vaccine Against HBV Breakthrough Infection in Children with Leukemia: A Real-world Study.
J Clin Transl Hepatol
; 10(5): 860-866, 2022 Oct 28.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36304512
ABSTRACT
Background and Aims:
Hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective preventive measure against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the risk of HBV breakthrough infection in fully immunized children (neonatal hepatitis B immunization) who receive immunosuppressive therapy and transfusion of blood components is not well characterized. In this real-world study, we aimed to investigate the immune protection conferred by neonatal hepatitis B vaccine in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who were treated with immunosuppressive therapy and blood component transfusions.Methods:
Children with ALL who had received all three doses of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine were included in this study. HBV seromarkers were detected before and after the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy.Results:
A total of 1,011 children with ALL who were fully vaccinated against hepatitis B in infancy before the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy were eligible for inclusion. HBV infection was detected in four of 410 children (0.98%) with an HBsAg test after the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. The median interval from treatment initiation was 19 months.Conclusions:
Three doses of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine conferred adequate protection. In endemic regions, there is a low risk of HBV breakthrough infection in fully immunized children with immunosuppressive therapy.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article