Acute hepatitis in a paediatric patient: immune-mediated drug-induced liver injury or albendazole-induced autoimmune hepatitis?
J Infect Dev Ctries
; 16(10): 1660-1663, 2022 10 31.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36332223
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most common causes of liver damage. A large number of drugs, dietary supplements, and herbal medications can cause hepatotoxicity. In some situations, it is difficult to distinguish between DILI and autoimmune hepatitis, especially when the mechanism is immune-mediated. Albendazole is a drug that has been used for decades for the treatment of parasitic infections in humans. One of the side effects is liver enzyme elevation, but rarely requires the discontinuation of therapy. Previous experience has shown that hypersensitivity is the most common mechanism of albendazole hepatotoxicity. CASE REPORT Here we presented a paediatric patient in whom albendazole induced severe liver injury. In laboratory analyses, in addition to markedly elevated transaminases and parameters of cholestasis, there was also a significant increase in IgG, so autoimmune hepatitis was considered. Even though the liver histology indicated toxic liver disease, prednisolone was started. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in the complete normalization of liver function, as well as IgG. With the cessation of corticosteroid therapy, transaminases, bilirubin and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) remained within normal levels, but an increase in anti-smooth muscle antibodies (SMA) was noted in immunological analyses after one year of follow-up.CONCLUSIONS:
Immune-mediated hepatotoxicity from albendazole is one possible mechanism of liver injury. The use of albendazole in the treatment of parasitic infections, especially in children, requires close monitoring. The question remains as to whether albendazole is a drug that can induce autoimmune hepatitis in the paediatric population.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Hepatite Autoimune
/
Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas
/
Hepatite A
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
Limite:
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article