Childhood tuberculosis and factors associated with mortality and loss to follow-up at a major paediatric treatment centre in Southern Ghana.
Pan Afr Med J
; 43: 90, 2022.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36605983
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in low- and middle-income countries. This study described the clinical presentation and identified factors contributing to poor outcome of childhood TB at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Accra, Ghana.Methods:
this was a retrospective cohort study of children aged ≤ 14 years with TB registered for treatment at KBTH from 2015 to 2019. Treatment outcomes were recorded as treatment success and unsuccessful outcomes (died and loss to follow-up). Multivariable logistics regression was conducted to assess factors associated with an unsuccessful outcome.Results:
of 407 children with TB registered during the period, 269 (66.1%) patients had pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Of the 138 patients with extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB), 68 (49.3%) had TB lymphadenitis. The TB/HIV coinfection rate was 42.8%. The overall treatment success rate was 68.3%, whilst 71(17.4%) died, and 58 (14.3%) were lost to follow-up. Factors associated with death were age below 1 year (AOR 3.46, 95% CI 1.48-8.10, p=0.004) and having HIV coinfection (AOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.04-3.43, p=0.037). Factors associated with loss to follow-up were age below 1 year (AOR 2.91, 95% CI 1.12-8.59, p=0.029) and having EPTB (AOR 2.40, 95% CI 1.24-4.65, p=0.009).Conclusion:
childhood TB treatment success in our population was below the national target of 85%, with high mortality and loss to follow-up rates, especially in younger children and those with HIV coinfection or EPTB. Tailored treatment strategies may be needed for children at risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome, especially among infants.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Tuberculose dos Linfonodos
/
Infecções por HIV
/
Coinfecção
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Child
/
Humans
/
Infant
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article