Comparison of three calibration procedures for free-field reference speech audiometry.

OBJECTIVE: In standards IEC 60645-1 and ANSI S3.6, the free-field equivalent earphone output level method is assumed as the reference for speech audiometry. Three calibration procedures for this method were compared in this study. DESIGN: Speech audiometry was conducted with Dutch consonant-vowel-consonant words for the following conditions: 1. TDH39 earphones, 2. loudspeaker, and 3. free-field simulated with TDH39 earphones. The first calibration procedure was based on the empirically determined difference between the speech recognition threshold (SRT) with earphones and a loudspeaker. The second procedure was based on the theoretical free-field correction, derived from the known speech spectrum and the free-field to coupler difference. The third calibration procedure corresponded to the results of the free-field simulated speech material under earphones. STUDY SAMPLE: The sample included 20 normal hearing subjects. RESULTS: The differences between the observed SRT in the free-field and earphone conditions and the free-field and simulated free-field conditions were 7.1 dB and 0.6 dB, respectively. CONCLUSION: The three calibration procedures for the free-field equivalent output method yielded approximately the same results, and therefore all appear to be useful for TDH39 earphones.