Indocyanine green fluorescence-guided lymphadenectomy with single site retroperitoneoscopy in children.

BACKGROUND: Retroperitoneoscopic lymphadenectomy is an established surgical approach in adult urology, but rarely described in pediatric population. METHODS: We develop retroperitoneoscopic surgical oncology in children, combining new technology innovations in pediatric surgery such as single site port retroperitoneoscopic in supine position and indocyanine green (ICG). RESULTS: The video describes a step-by-step approach from the ICG injection technique to the lymph-node retroperitoneoscopic harvesting. The video highlights anatomical landmarks and ICG intraoperative lymph nodes findings. Four consecutive surgical procedures were performed in children with paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma who required staging template retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for staging. All patients were discharged the same day without 30-days postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: Retroperitoneoscopic approach with single port and indocyanine guided lymphatic mapping for template retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) is a feasible minimally invasive procedure in children. Combining different technology innovations allows an effective lymph node harvesting with the possibility to offer an enhanced recovery after surgery in pediatric oncology population.