The incidence and prevalence of medical device-related pressure injuries in pediatric patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT

PROBLEM: To determine the pooled incidence and prevalence rate of medical device-related pressure injuries(MDRPIs) using the Braden QD scale, medical devices that frequently cause MDRPIs, and anatomical locations that are vulnerable to them. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Using the Braden QD scale, being published in English between 01/01/2018-and 01/03/2023. METHODS: This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis recommendations and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (No CRD42021276501). SAMPLE A total of 7 studies with 25,742 pediatric patients were included. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence and cumulative incidence of hospital-acquired pressure injuries(HAPIs) were 7.8% (95% CI 5.2-11.4%) and 3.9% (95% CI 0.5-24.6%) respectively, and the incidence rate was 8.2/1000 person-days (95% CI 2.4-14.2/1000 person-days). The pooled prevalence and cumulative incidence of MDRPIs were 7% (95% CI 5.5-8.8%) and 5% (95% CI 3.2-7.8%) respectively, and the incidence rate was 6.7/1000 person-days (95% CI, 0.11-13.4/1000 person-days). The most affected anatomical locations were the face (29.1%), ankle/foot (20.1%), and head (15.7%). Medical devices that frequently caused MDRPIs were external monitoring devices (24.5%), respiratory devices (22.8%), and supportive/securing devices (14.9%). CONCLUSIONS: According to the current systematic review and meta-analyses, the incidence and prevalence of HAPIs and MDRPIs are moderate to high. IMPLICATIONS The findings suggested that healthcare providers should pay more attention to reducing HAPIs and MDRPIs and future studies should be conducted to understand their characteristics and risk factors.