Isolated frontosphenoidal craniosynostosis: An argument for genetic testing.

ABSTRACT

Isolated frontosphenoidal craniosynostosis (IFSC) is a rare congenital defect defined as premature fusion of the frontosphenoidal suture in the absence of other suture fusion. Until now, IFSC was regarded as a phenomenon with an unclear genetic etiology. We have identified three cases with IFSC with underlying syndromic diagnoses that were attributable to pathogenic mutations involving FGFR3 and MN1, as well as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. These findings suggest a genetic predisposition to IFSC may exist, thereby justifying the recommendation for genetic evaluation and testing in this population. Furthermore, due to improved imaging resolution, cases of IFSC are now readily identified. With the identification of IFSC with underlying genetic diagnoses, in combination with significant improvements in imaging resolution, we recommend genetic evaluation in children with IFSC.