Diet-induced Weight Loss and Phenotypic Flexibility Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Trial.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 118(3): 591-604, 2023 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37661105
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The capacity of an individual to respond to changes in food intake so that postprandial metabolic perturbations are resolved, and metabolism returns to its pre-prandial state, is called phenotypic flexibility. This ability may be a more important indicator of current health status than metabolic markers in a fasting state.AIM:
In this parallel randomized controlled trial study, an energy-restricted healthy diet and 2 dietary challenges were used to assess the effect of weight loss on phenotypic flexibility.METHODS:
Seventy-two volunteers with overweight and obesity underwent a 12-wk dietary intervention. The participants were randomized to a weight loss group (WLG) with 20% less energy intake or a weight-maintenance group (WMG). At weeks 1 and 12, participants were assessed for body composition by MRI. Concurrently, markers of metabolism and insulin sensitivity were obtained from the analysis of plasma metabolome during 2 different dietary challenges-an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a mixed-meal tolerance test.RESULTS:
Intended weight loss was achieved in the WLG (-5.6 kg, P < 0.0001) and induced a significant reduction in total and regional adipose tissue as well as ectopic fat in the liver. Amino acid-based markers of insulin action and resistance such as leucine and glutamate were reduced in the postprandial phase of the OGTT in the WLG by 11.5% and 28%, respectively, after body weight reduction. Weight loss correlated with the magnitude of changes in metabolic responses to dietary challenges. Large interindividual variation in metabolic responses to weight loss was observed.CONCLUSION:
Application of dietary challenges increased sensitivity to detect metabolic response to weight loss intervention. Large interindividual variation was observed across a wide range of measurements allowing the identification of distinct responses to the weight loss intervention and mechanistic insight into the metabolic response to weight loss.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Redução de Peso
/
Dieta
/
Sobrepeso
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article