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Key processes required for the different stages of fungal carnivory by a nematode-trapping fungus.
Lin, Hung-Che; de Ulzurrun, Guillermo Vidal-Diez; Chen, Sheng-An; Yang, Ching-Ting; Tay, Rebecca J; Iizuka, Tomoyo; Huang, Tsung-Yu; Kuo, Chih-Yen; Gonçalves, A Pedro; Lin, Siou-Ying; Chang, Yu-Chu; Stajich, Jason E; Schwarz, Erich M; Hsueh, Yen-Ping.
Afiliação
  • Lin HC; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • de Ulzurrun GV; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Chen SA; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Yang CT; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Tay RJ; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Iizuka T; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Huang TY; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Kuo CY; Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Gonçalves AP; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Lin SY; Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Chang YC; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Stajich JE; Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Schwarz EM; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Hsueh YP; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America.
PLoS Biol ; 21(11): e3002400, 2023 Nov.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37988381
Nutritional deprivation triggers a switch from a saprotrophic to predatory lifestyle in soil-dwelling nematode-trapping fungi (NTF). In particular, the NTF Arthrobotrys oligospora secretes food and sex cues to lure nematodes to its mycelium and is triggered to develop specialized trapping devices. Captured nematodes are then invaded and digested by the fungus, thus serving as a food source. In this study, we examined the transcriptomic response of A. oligospora across the stages of sensing, trap development, and digestion upon exposure to the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. A. oligospora enacts a dynamic transcriptomic response, especially of protein secretion-related genes, in the presence of prey. Two-thirds of the predicted secretome of A. oligospora was up-regulated in the presence of C. elegans at all time points examined, and among these secreted proteins, 38.5% are predicted to be effector proteins. Furthermore, functional studies disrupting the t-SNARE protein Sso2 resulted in impaired ability to capture nematodes. Additionally, genes of the DUF3129 family, which are expanded in the genomes of several NTF, were highly up-regulated upon nematode exposure. We observed the accumulation of highly expressed DUF3129 proteins in trap cells, leading us to name members of this gene family as Trap Enriched Proteins (TEPs). Gene deletion of the most highly expressed TEP gene, TEP1, impairs the function of traps and prevents the fungus from capturing prey efficiently. In late stages of predation, we observed up-regulation of a variety of proteases, including metalloproteases. Following penetration of nematodes, these metalloproteases facilitate hyphal growth required for colonization of prey. These findings provide insights into the biology of the predatory lifestyle switch in a carnivorous fungus and provide frameworks for other fungal-nematode predator-prey systems.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Caenorhabditis elegans / Nematoides Limite: Animals Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Caenorhabditis elegans / Nematoides Limite: Animals Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article