Assessing the Impact of Alopecia on Quality of Life, Depression, and Self-Esteem in Saudi Arabia.

ABSTRACT

Objectives The objective of this study is to assess the effects of alopecia on quality of life, depression, and self-esteem in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods We made a questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, type of alopecia, medical aid sought, and whether they benefited from it or not. The study uses the Dermatology Life Quality Index, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and a single-item self-esteem scale to assess the quality of life, depression, and self-esteem, respectively. Results The questionnaire was completed by 403 individuals in total, and after applying the exclusion criteria (only Saudis, from the Eastern Province), 231 participants were included in this study. Of the participants, 49.4% had hereditary baldness and only 9.5% benefited from treatment. Of the patients, 52.4% had higher levels of depression, and 18.2% had an effect on their life. Patients with a moderate or greater effect on their lives had a significant relationship with hereditary baldness. Younger age, being female, being married, having lower income, and having hereditary baldness were significantly associated with higher depression levels (p = <0.05). The study found that as age increased, depression levels decreased and self-esteem scores increased. Depression was linked to lower quality of life, while self-esteem was linked to both lower quality of life and higher depression levels. These factors are interrelated, with age influencing their relationship. Conclusions The results of the study highlight the significant occurrence of depression and decreased quality of life among patients who have alopecia, particularly those with hereditary baldness. It is crucial to provide psychological assistance and counseling to enhance their mental health and overall wellness.