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Computer simulations predict the impact of neuronal atrophy on the calcium dynamics in Huntington's disease.
Sameni, Sara; Bartol, Thomas M; Corey-Bloom, Jody; Sejnowski, Terrence J.
Afiliação
  • Sameni S; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
  • Bartol TM; Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
  • Corey-Bloom J; Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
  • Sejnowski TJ; Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
PNAS Nexus ; 3(1): pgad443, 2024 Jan.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38222468
ABSTRACT
One of the early hallmarks of Huntington's disease (HD) is neuronal cell atrophy, especially in the striatum, underlying motor dysfunction in HD. Here using a computer model, we have predicted the impact of cell shrinkage on calcium dynamics at the cellular level. Our model indicates that as cytosolic volume decreases, the amplitude of calcium transients increases and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) becomes more leaky due to calcium-induced calcium release and a "toxic" positive feedback mechanism mediated by ryanodine receptors that greatly increases calcium release into the cytosol. The excessive calcium release from ER saturates the calcium buffering capacity of calbindin and forces further accumulation of free calcium in the cytosol and cellular compartments including mitochondria. This leads to imbalance of calcium in both cytosol and ER regions. Excessive calcium accumulation in the cytosol can damage the mitochondria resulting in metabolic dysfunction in the cell consistent with the pathology of HD. Our computational model points toward potential drug targets and can accelerate and greatly help the experimental studies of HD paving the way for treatments of patients suffering from HD.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article