Alpha-1 Antitrypsin PI M Heterozygotes with Rare Variants: Do They Need a Clinical and Functional Follow-Up?
J Clin Med
; 13(4)2024 Feb 14.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38398397
ABSTRACT
(1) Background:
Few data are available on the risk of airway dysfunction in protease inhibitor (PI*) M heterozygotes carrying rare null or deficient allelic variants of the gene SERPINA-1 (PI*MR). (2)Methods:
In this observational study, in a cohort of PI*MR heterozygotes, we evaluated respiratory functional parameters at baseline and at one-year follow-up. Moreover, we compared such parameters with those of the PI*MZ and PI*MS patients. (3)Results:
A total of 60 patients were recruited; 35 PI*MR, 11 PI*MZ and 14 PI*MS. At the annual follow-up, the PI*MR and PI*MZ patients demonstrated a significantly higher FEV1 decline than the PI*MS group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.018, respectively). The PI*MR patients showed a significant increase in DLCO annual decline in comparison with the PI*MS group (p = 0.02). At baseline, the PI*MR smoking patients, compared with nonsmokers, showed statistically significant lower values of FEV1, FEV1/FVC and DLCO (p = 0.0004, p < 0.0001, p = 0.007, respectively) and, at the one-year follow-up, they displayed a significantly higher FEV1 and DLCO decline (p = 0.0022, p = 0.011, respectively). PI*MR heterozygotes with COPD showed a significantly higher FEV1, FEV1/FVC and DLCO annual decline in comparison with healthy PI*MR (p = 0.0083, p = 0.043, p = 0.041). (4)Conclusions:
These results suggest that PI*MR heterozygotes, particularly smokers with COPD, have a greater annual decline in respiratory functional parameters and need to be monitored.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article