Revisiting the Trans-Sacral Approach for Large Rectal Adenomas, Surgical Technique, and Oncological Outcome: a Case Series.

ABSTRACT

The standard oncologic surgeries for rectal carcinoma are radical trans abdominal procedures, However, these radical procedures are not suitable for large rectal adenomas. The transsacral approach for rectal adenoma was first described by Kraske and since then it has been utilized for various benign conditions of low and mid-rectum as well as for certain cancers. We are presenting a series of 5 consecutive cases of trans-sacral resection done in the past 7 years between January, 2016, until June, 2023, at the Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, HIMS Dehradun, for large mid- and lower rectal adenoma. There were 5 patients who underwent transsacral excision of rectal adenoma. Three patients were male and 2 were female. All the patients underwent surgery after confirming the diagnosis of adenoma and metastatic work up. The postoperative histopathological examination showed adenocarcinoma infiltrating submucosa (T1) in one patient; however, other 4 patients had adenoma reconfirmed. The transsacral approach may not be the method of choice for the rectal carcinoma but it is a very useful surgical alternative to the large rectal adenoma where there is no invasive component and which cannot be managed by any other methods.