Dietary advanced glycation end products, body composition, and anthropometric measures: A cross-sectional analysis in women with excess body weight.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To assess the association between dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) versus body composition and anthropometric variables. METHODS AND RESULTS: Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), anthropometry, and habitual food intake were cross-sectionally evaluated in women with excess body weight and body fat. Mean dAGEs content was estimated using a database containing the Nԑ-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) content of 549 foods, which was adjusted by mean energy intake, and categorized into low, medium, and high dAGEs, by the 10th and 50th percentiles of the sample. Associations were tested by linear regression adjusted for age, education, marital status, and physical activity level. Eighty participants had mean ± standard deviation dAGEs 7.85 ± 2.65 AGEs kU/kcal. Compared with high dAGEs, women with low dAGEs ingested more carbohydrate (62% vs. 50% of calories, p < 0.001) and fiber (≈25 g vs. ≈18 g, p = 0.027) and less protein (13% vs. 17% of calories, p = 0.006) and fat (26% vs. 33% of calories, p = 0.011). Women with low dAGEs had waist/hip ratio 0.05 higher than those with high dAGEs (R2 = 0.256, p = 0.005). Low dAGEs relative to medium (p = 0.009) and high (p = 0.002) dAGEs was associated with a ≈5% gynoid fat reduction (R2 = 0.164). CONCLUSION: Low dAGEs was associated with a higher waist/hip ratio and lower percentage of gynoid fat in women with excess body weight and excess body fat. REGISTRATION NUMBER RBR-7z358j.