[The reversible share of cognitive deficits in older adults]. / La part réversible des déficits cognitifs chez les seniors.
Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil
; 22(1): 76-84, 2024 Mar 01.
Article
em Fr
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38573147
ABSTRACT
Cognitive performance of older adults is very often inferior to that of younger adults on a variety of laboratory tests assessing basic functions such as memory, inhibition, or attention. Classic hypotheses and theories share the idea that these cognitive deficits are irreversible, due to profound cerebral changes. In this review article, we develop a more positive conception of aging, according to which cognitive deficits are not all irreversible, and can even be partially if not completely reversible. To this end, we present some of the most illustrative research on the reversibility of the effects of aging on cognition. We show how subtle contextual manipulations can change older adults' motivation and strategy, which improve their cognitive performance. We also show that guidance toward the selection of the most appropriate strategy, whether explicit as in selectivity paradigms or implicit as in dual-task procedures, can increase older adults' cognitive performance. We finally describe the hypotheses and theories that both account for low cognitive performance in old age and ways to reverse the effects of cognitive aging.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos Cognitivos
/
Disfunção Cognitiva
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Envelhecimento Cognitivo
Limite:
Aged
/
Humans
Idioma:
Fr
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article