Hydroxychloroquine-induced pigmentation in rheumatic diseases: prevalence, clinical features and influencing factors.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
; 2024 Apr 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38588566
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To describe the clinical features of Chinese patients with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)-induced pigmentation and analyze the potential risk factors associated with HCQ-induced pigmentation.METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted over a duration of 7 months, during which patients who had received HCQ treatment for >6 months were included. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire that encompassed demographic and geographic characteristics, information on HCQ and concomitant medication usage, sun exposure characteristics, and hyperpigmentation-related characteristics. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to calculate the statistical association between HCQ-induced pigmentation and multiple variables.RESULTS:
Out of 316 patients, 83 (26.3%) patients presented hyperpigmentation during HCQ treatment. Hyperpigmentation presented after a median duration of HCQ treatment of 12 months (interquartile range, 6.0 months-30.0 months) with a median cumulative dose of 108 g of HCQ (interquartile range, 36-288 g). The most frequently affected sites of pigmentation were the face (60.2%), lower limbs (36.1%), and hands (20.5%). There was a linear decrease in the incidence of pigmentation with increasing daily sun exposure time (p= 0.030). In the multivariate analysis, variables (cumulative HCQ dose and daily sun exposure time) were included in the final models. The results revealed an independent correlation between HCQ-induced pigmentation and daily sun exposure exceeding 1 h (OR 0.431; 95%CI 0.208-0.892; p= 0.023).CONCLUSIONS:
The occurrence of HCQ-induced pigmentation is not uncommon, with an incidence rate of 26.3%. Daily sun exposure time exhibited a protective effect against HCQ-induced pigmentation.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article