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Source-specific nitrate intake and all-cause mortality in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study.
Bondonno, Nicola P; Pokharel, Pratik; Bondonno, Catherine P; Erichsen, Dorit W; Zhong, Liezhou; Schullehner, Jörg; Frederiksen, Kirsten; Kyrø, Cecilie; Hendriksen, Peter Fjeldstad; Hodgson, Jonathan M; Dalgaard, Frederik; Blekkenhorst, Lauren C; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole; Sigsgaard, Torben; Dahm, Christina C; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja.
Afiliação
  • Bondonno NP; The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark. n.bondonno@ecu.edu.au.
  • Pokharel P; Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia. n.bondonno@ecu.edu.au.
  • Bondonno CP; The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Erichsen DW; Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
  • Zhong L; Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
  • Schullehner J; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
  • Frederiksen K; The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Kyrø C; Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
  • Hendriksen PF; Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
  • Hodgson JM; Department of Groundwater and Quaternary Geology Mapping, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Aarhus, Denmark.
  • Dalgaard F; Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  • Blekkenhorst LC; The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Raaschou-Nielsen O; The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Sigsgaard T; The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Dahm CC; Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
  • Tjønneland A; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
  • Olsen A; Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur J Epidemiol ; 2024 May 28.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38802612
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Nitrate and nitrite are naturally occurring in both plant- and animal-sourced foods, are used as additives in the processing of meat, and are found in water. There is growing evidence that they exhibit a spectrum of health effects, depending on the dietary source. The aim of the study was to examine source-dependent associations between dietary intakes of nitrate/nitrite and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

METHODS:

In 52,247 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study, associations between source-dependent nitrate and nitrite intakes--calculated using comprehensive food composition and national drinking water quality monitoring databases--and all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related, and cancer-related mortality over 27 years were examined using restricted cubic splines within Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary confounders. Analyses were stratified by factors hypothesised to influence the formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds (namely, smoking and dietary intakes of vitamin C, vitamin E, folate, and polyphenols).

RESULTS:

Plant-sourced nitrate intake was inversely associated with all-cause mortality [HRQ5vsQ1 0.83 (0.80, 0.87)] while higher risks of all-cause mortality were seen for higher intakes of naturally occurring animal-sourced nitrate [1.09 (1.04, 1.14)], additive permitted meat-sourced nitrate [1.19 (1.14, 1.25)], and tap water-sourced nitrate [1.19 (1.14, 1.25)]. Similar source-dependent associations were seen for nitrite and for CVD-related and cancer-related mortality except that naturally occurring animal-sourced nitrate and tap water-sourced nitrate were not associated with cancer-related mortality and additive permitted meat-sourced nitrate was not associated with CVD-related mortality. No clear patterns emerged in stratified analyses.

CONCLUSION:

Nitrate/nitrite from plant sources are inversely associated while those from naturally occurring animal-sources, additive-permitted meat sources, and tap water-sources are positively associated with mortality.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article