Rare Genetic Variants in LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 are Associated with Aortic Stenosis.
Circulation
; 2024 Sep 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39222019
ABSTRACT
Background:
Despite a proposed causal role for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in aortic stenosis (AS), randomized controlled trials of lipid-lowering therapy failed to prevent severe AS. We aimed to assess the impact on AS and peak velocity across the aortic valve conferred by lifelong alterations in LDL-C levels mediated by protein-disrupting variants in three clinically significant genes for LDL metabolism (LDLR, APOB, PCSK9).Methods:
We utilized sequencing data and electronic health records from UK Biobank (UKB) and All of Us and magnetic resonance imaging data from UKB. We identified predicted protein-disrupting variants with the LOFTEE and AlphaMissense algorithms and evaluated their associations with LDL-C and peak velocity across the aortic valve (UK Biobank), as well as diagnosed AS and aortic valve replacement (UK Biobank + All of Us).Results:
We included 421,049 unrelated participants (5,621 with AS) in UKB and 195,519 unrelated participants (1,087 with AS) in All of Us. Carriers of protein-disrupting variants in LDLR had higher mean LDL-C (UKB +42.6 mg/dl, P=4.4e-237) and greater risk of AS (meta-analysis:
odds ratio [OR] =3.52 [95% CI 2.39-5.20], P=2.3e-10) and aortic valve replacement (meta-analysis:
OR=3.78 [95% CI 2.26-6.32], P=4.0e-7). Carriers of protein-disrupting variants in APOB or PCSK9 had lower mean LDL-C (UKB -32.3 mg/dl, P<5e-324) and lower risk of AS (meta-analysis:
OR=0.49 [0.31-0.75], P=0.001) and aortic valve replacement (meta-analysis:
OR=0.54 [0.30-0.97], P=0.04). Among 57,371 UKB imaging substudy participants, peak velocities across the aortic valve were greater in carriers of protein-disrupting variants in LDLR (+12.2cm/s, P=1.6e-5) and lower in carriers of protein-disrupting variants in PCSK9 (-6.9cm/s, P=0.022).Conclusions:
Rare genetic variants that confer lifelong higher or lower LDL-C levels are associated with substantially increased and decreased risk of AS, respectively. Early and sustained lipid-lowering therapy may slow or prevent AS development.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article