Prevalence of Fasciola infection among school children in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.

ABSTRACT

This study was performed on 1350 school children from 9 different villages in Sharkia Governorate to investigate the real situation of endemicity of fascioliasis in the area. Stool examination using modified Kato thick smear method was performed to detect Fasciola infection and other parasites. Those with negative stool samples were examined serologically by ELISA test to detect anti-Fasciola IgG. All cases with positive anti-Fasciola IgG were further examined by circum-oval precipitin test (COPT) against viable S. mansoni eggs to exclude the crossly reacted Schistosoma infections. Sixty nine cases were found to pass Fasciola eggs in their stool samples (5.1%). Anti-Fasciola IgG was detected in the sera of 231 children (17.1%) using ELISA test. Eighty four out of the 231 children were found positive by COPT and were considered as schistosomal cases. The remaining 147 who gave negative COPT were considered as Fasciola infections. All of the 69 Fasciola positive stool cases were found positive by ELISA test and negative by COPT test. The sensitivity of stool analysis was 47% versus 100% sensitivity of ELISA, whereas the specificity of ELISA was 63%. The total number of Fasciola positive cases by ELISA and stool analysis were 147 cases among 1350 children indicating a prevalence of 10.9% among school children in Sharkia Governorate. This results highlighting the importance of health education and snail control in decreasing the high prevalence.