Light-emitting diode stimulates radiodermatitis recovery

Purpose To evaluate the effect of light-emitting diode (LED) in an experimental model of radiodermatitis. Methods Ten male Wistar rats weighing 200250 g were analyzed. Radiation was delivered in a single dose (20 Gy with Strontium-90 dermatological plaques), two areas per animal. After 15 days, they were divided into two groups: control group (n = 5) and LED group (n = 5), which was treated during 21 days later (LED 660 nm, 10 min in alternate days). The endpoints were radiodermatitis scale, histological analysis HE, Picrius Sirius and the gene expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Results The LED group showed a higher number of dermal appendages (p = 0.04) and angiogenesis(p = 0.007), a tendency towards higher IL-10 (p = 0.06) and an increase in MMP-9 (p = 0.004) when compared to the control group. Conclusions This study suggested that the use of LED for radiodermatitis increased skin regeneration.(AU)

Copaiba oil-resin (Copaifera langsdorfii Desf: Caesalpiniaceae) associated with laser therapy for skin wound treatment in Wistar rats / Óleo resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorfii Desf: Caesalpiniaceae) associada a laserterapia para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas em ratos Wistar

Alternative protocols for the treatment of skin lesions have been developed with the use of techniques such as photobiomodulation and phytotherapy, aiming to optimize this process. To evaluate the effectiveness of copaiba (Copaiferalangsdorffii) oil-resin and low-level laser therapy for treating cutaneous wounds, 15 Wistar rats (Rattusnorvergicus) were used, in whom five 8-mm lesions were produced. The following protocols were applied: negative control group (T1); positive control group (T2); laser therapy with AsGa (904 nm), continuous, focal mode for 10 s, dosage of 4 J/cm² (T3); copaiba oil-resin (T4); and association group (copaiba and low-level laser) (T5). The efficacy of each technique was evaluated based on macroscopic aspects of the lesion, wound healing rate, and histopathological analysis (inflammatory infiltrate and collagen expression). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analyses (P> 0.05). Copaiba treatment showed an advantage in type III collagen expression, whereas laser therapy demonstrated an enhanced capacity for tissue regeneration. The significant advantage obtained from the association treatment is the improvement of the macroscopic aspect of the wound, with a reduction in crust formation.

Protocolos alternativos para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas têm sido desenvolvidos com a utilização de técnicas como a fotobiomodulação e fitoterapia, objetivando acelerar esse processo. Com o objetivo de avaliar a efetividade do óleo--resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii) e do laser terapêutico no tratamento de feridas cutâneas foram selecionados 15 ratos Wistar (Rattus norvergicus), nos quais foram produzidas cinco lesões cutâneas de 8mm. Os tratamentos empregados foram: controle negativo (T1); controle positivo (T2); laserterapia com AsGa (9,04nm) no modo contínuo, de maneira focal, com duração de 10 segundos e dosimetria de 4 J/cm² (T3); óleo resina de copaiba (T4) e a associação dos tratamentos (copaiba e laserterapia) (T5). A eficácia de cada técnica foi avaliada com base nos aspectos macroscópicos das lesões, taxa de cicatriza-ção e análise histopatológica (infiltrado inflamatório e expressão do colágeno). Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis (P>0,05). O tratamento com a copaíba mostrou vantagem na expressão do colágeno tipo III, enquanto a laserterapia demonstrou aumento da capacidade de regeneração tecidual. A vantagem significativa obtida pela associação dos tratamentos foi a melhora do aspecto macroscópico da ferida, com redução na formação de crostas.

Copaiba oil-resin (Copaifera langsdorfii Desf: Caesalpiniaceae) associated with laser therapy for skin wound treatment in Wistar rats / Óleo resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorfii Desf: Caesalpiniaceae) associada a laserterapia para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas em ratos Wistar

Alternative protocols for the treatment of skin lesions have been developed with the use of techniques such as photobiomodulation and phytotherapy, aiming to optimize this process. To evaluate the effectiveness of copaiba (Copaiferalangsdorffii) oil-resin and low-level laser therapy for treating cutaneous wounds, 15 Wistar rats (Rattusnorvergicus) were used, in whom five 8-mm lesions were produced. The following protocols were applied: negative control group (T1); positive control group (T2); laser therapy with AsGa (904 nm), continuous, focal mode for 10 s, dosage of 4 J/cm² (T3); copaiba oil-resin (T4); and association group (copaiba and low-level laser) (T5). The efficacy of each technique was evaluated based on macroscopic aspects of the lesion, wound healing rate, and histopathological analysis (inflammatory infiltrate and collagen expression). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analyses (P> 0.05). Copaiba treatment showed an advantage in type III collagen expression, whereas laser therapy demonstrated an enhanced capacity for tissue regeneration. The significant advantage obtained from the association treatment is the improvement of the macroscopic aspect of the wound, with a reduction in crust formation.(AU)

Protocolos alternativos para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas têm sido desenvolvidos com a utilização de técnicas como a fotobiomodulação e fitoterapia, objetivando acelerar esse processo. Com o objetivo de avaliar a efetividade do óleo--resina de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii) e do laser terapêutico no tratamento de feridas cutâneas foram selecionados 15 ratos Wistar (Rattus norvergicus), nos quais foram produzidas cinco lesões cutâneas de 8mm. Os tratamentos empregados foram: controle negativo (T1); controle positivo (T2); laserterapia com AsGa (9,04nm) no modo contínuo, de maneira focal, com duração de 10 segundos e dosimetria de 4 J/cm² (T3); óleo resina de copaiba (T4) e a associação dos tratamentos (copaiba e laserterapia) (T5). A eficácia de cada técnica foi avaliada com base nos aspectos macroscópicos das lesões, taxa de cicatriza-ção e análise histopatológica (infiltrado inflamatório e expressão do colágeno). Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis (P>0,05). O tratamento com a copaíba mostrou vantagem na expressão do colágeno tipo III, enquanto a laserterapia demonstrou aumento da capacidade de regeneração tecidual. A vantagem significativa obtida pela associação dos tratamentos foi a melhora do aspecto macroscópico da ferida, com redução na formação de crostas.(AU)

A utilização do laser de baixa intensidade na cicatrização de ferida em cão / The use of low intensity laser in wound healing in dog

Background: Low-intensity laser is effective in cellular metabolism, analgesia, and tissue repair. The bioelectric, bioenergetic, and biochemical effects of laser therapy stimulate local circulation, collagen formation, and epithelization. The objective of this study was to report the use of gallium-aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) laser (830 nm) in healing two woundscaused by necrosis in a dog. Case: An 8-year-old bitch, a rescued victim of animal abuse, had tibiotarsal dislocation in the left posterior limb. Orthopedic surgery was performed with the placement of an external fixation device with six pins in the distal third of the left posterior limb. A radiographic examination performed 42 days after the surgery revealed the loss of the tibiotarsal ratio, decreased radiopacity of the carpal bones, edema, inflammation, muscle atrophy, and the rotation of the anatomical axis of the metatarsals and phalanges. It was then decided to perform a second orthopedic surgery, in which a bone graft and arthrodesis with an 8-screw titanium plate were performed. Four of the plate screws were placed proximally to the tibia and four distally to the tarsus in addition to a screw and a pin transfixed through the distal metaphyseal region of the tibia and calcaneus. Traction was felt during suturing in the dermis and epidermis of the limb, suggesting the possibility of dehiscence of the stitches. After 3 h of surgery, the limb was cold and edematous. After 5 days, the tissue of the medial region of the tarsus developed necrosis, exposing a wound 6 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, and 2 mm deep (wound 1). Another necrotic lesion was observed in the dorsal region of the tarsos - 6.5 cm long, 2 cm wide, 3 mm deep, and exposing 5 cm of the titanium plate (wound 2). Therapy with GaAlAs laser was then performed over the entire length of the wounds. In each therapeutic session, the laser was first used in punctual mode at 10 J/cm², 830 nm, 20 s at each point of the length of the lesion and then in scan mode at 10 J/cm², 830 nm, 1000 Hz, and 40 s continuously. Laser therapy sessions were conducted at 2-4 day intervals, with a 12-day interval between the eighth and ninth sessions. During the entire treatment, cleansing and debridement of the wounds were performed every 48 h with saline and chlorhexidine digluconate, using a compression bandage, as described earlier. Wound 1 healed completely after two laser therapy sessions. In wound 2, tissue repair stagnated after the ninth and last laser session, leaving 4 cm of the titanium plate still exposed. The limb could not support the body weight of the patient, and radiographic examination revealed that the anatomical axis of the metatarsals and the phalanges was rotated and bone conformation was poor. Given the anatomical conditions associated with the patient's clinical picture, it was decided to amputate the limb between the femur and tibia. Discussion: Therapeutic lasers act on mitochondrial respiration, increasing respiratory metabolism and stimulating DNA synthesis and tissue proliferation. In the present case, there was a decrease in inflammatory cells, edema, and the size of the wounds. The pathological conditions of the affected site, influence of trauma, and degree of tissue damage affected the results of the laser therapy. Despite the size difference between wounds 1 and 2, the exposed titanium plate was a determining factor for the partial healing of wound 2.

Evaluation of the effects of diode laser application on experimental orthodontic tooth movements in rats: histopathological analysis

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of diode laser use on experimental orthodontic tooth movements. Methods: Thirty Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar were divided into three equal groups (n = 10), two experimentals and one control. Applying 20 g orthodontic force were attached to the maxillary incisors of the rats in all groups. Low dose laser was applied to the surrounding tissues of the maxillary incisors of the rats in the experimental groups. Two exposure times for laser irradiation were used for seven days: t = 12 min (energy dose = 72 J) and t = 9 min (energy dose = 54 J) by a 0.1 W DEKA brand diode laser with wavelength of 980 nm. Results: Osteoclastic activation increased in the 72 J group when compared to control group and decreased in comparison to the 54 J group. Osteoblastic activation was decreased in the 72 J group when compared to the control group and increased in comparison to the 54 J group. Conclusions: Applying 54 J laser energy has been found effective to accelerate the orthodontic tooth movement.(AU)

Effect Of Gallium Arsenide Low-Level Laser Therapy On The Inflammatory Phase Of Skin Wound Healing In Rats

The use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has shown promising results for the inflammatory modulation of tissue repair. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of gallium arsenide (GaAs) LLLT in skin wound healing via (1) measurement of the temperature on the surface of the skin wound; (2) white blood cell count; and (3) histopathological examination. Skin lesions were induced on the dorsum of 20 Wistar rats, after which the animals were divided into two groups: a treatment group, subjected to GaAs LLLT, and a control group. Thermography was performed daily in all of the study animals until the end of the experiment. On the fourth day after lesion induction, whole blood was collected (white blood cell count), animals were euthanized, and skin lesions were biopsied (histopathological examination). There were no differences in the number of leukocytes and in the histopathological evaluations between the groups; however, the thermography analysis indicated an increase in temperature in the treated group. The anti-inflammatory activity of GaAs LLLT was not confirmed. The increase in temperature on the surface of the skin lesions after LLLT requires further elucidation because this result could not be justified by the direct action of LLLT.

Effect Of Gallium Arsenide Low-Level Laser Therapy On The Inflammatory Phase Of Skin Wound Healing In Rats

The use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has shown promising results for the inflammatory modulation of tissue repair. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of gallium arsenide (GaAs) LLLT in skin wound healing via (1) measurement of the temperature on the surface of the skin wound; (2) white blood cell count; and (3) histopathological examination. Skin lesions were induced on the dorsum of 20 Wistar rats, after which the animals were divided into two groups: a treatment group, subjected to GaAs LLLT, and a control group. Thermography was performed daily in all of the study animals until the end of the experiment. On the fourth day after lesion induction, whole blood was collected (white blood cell count), animals were euthanized, and skin lesions were biopsied (histopathological examination). There were no differences in the number of leukocytes and in the histopathological evaluations between the groups; however, the thermography analysis indicated an increase in temperature in the treated group. The anti-inflammatory activity of GaAs LLLT was not confirmed. The increase in temperature on the surface of the skin lesions after LLLT requires further elucidation because this result could not be justified by the direct action of LLLT.(AU)

The influence of low-level laser irradiation on spinal cord injuries following ischemia- reperfusion in rats

To investigate if low level laser therapy (LLLT) can decrease spinal cord injuries after temporary induced spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion in rats because of its anti-inflammatory effects. Forty eight rats were randomized into two study groups of 24 rats each. In group I, ischemic-reperfusion (I-R) injury was induced without any treatment. Group II, was irradiated four times about 20 minutes for the following three days. The lesion site directly was irradiated transcutaneously to the spinal direction with 810 nm diode laser with output power of 150 mW. Functional recovery, immunohistochemical and histopathological changes were assessed. The average functional recovery scores of group II were significantly higher than that the score of group I (2.86 ± 0.68, vs 1.38 ± 0.09; p<0.05). Histopathologic evaluations in group II were showed a mild changes in compare with group I, that suggested this group survived from I-R consequences. Moreover, as seen from TUNEL results, LLLT also protected neurons from I-R-induced apoptosis in rats. Low level laser therapy was be able to minimize the damage to the rat spinal cord of reperfusion-induced injury.(AU)

Uso da terapia fotodinâmica empregando azul de metileno a 2% como agente fotossensibilizante para o controle de crescimento tumoral em calopsita (Nynphicus hollandicus) portador de sarcoma / Use of photodynamic therapy using methylene blue 2% as photosensitizing agent to control tumor growthin a cockatiel (Nynphicus hollandicus) carrier sarcoma

Os sarcomas são neoplasias de origem mesenquimal. Os sarcomas são neoplasias de origem mesenquimal, sendo considerados tumores agressivos que frequentemente gerammetástases e rápida debilidade. A indicação terapêutica é a exérese tumoral enquanto ainda não houver metástases. A terapiafotodinâmica tem sido utilizada para o tratamento de neoplasias tanto em humanos quanto em animais e muitos estudos têm sidodesenvolvidos de maneira a aprimorar e avaliar a efetividade da técnica. Uma calopsita (Nynphycus hollandicus) foi levada paraatendimento no Hospital Veterinário Professor Firmino Mársico Filho (HUVET-UFF) apresentando nódulo em região escapuloumeral.O diagnóstico citopatológico concluiu sarcoma. Devido à localização e impossibilidade de exérese cirúrgica, optou-sepela realização da terapia fotodinâmica utilizando-se o azul de metileno a 2% como agente fotossensibilizador e fonte de luz laserdiodo (Vetlight®). A terapia fotodinâmica empregando o azul de metileno como agente fotossensibilizante foi eficaz no controle docrescimento tumoral até os 30 dias posteriores observados.(AU)

Sarcoma are tumors of mesenchymal origin. They are aggressive tumors that frequently metastasize and rapid weakness. Thetherapeutic indication is the resection while there is still no metastasis. Photodynamic therapy has been used for the treatment ofcancer in both humans and animals and many studies have been developed in order to improve and enhance the effectivenessof the techniques. A Nynphycus hollandicus was brought to HUVET-UFF clinical service presenting a lump in scapulohumeralregion. The citological exam had a diagnosis of sarcoma. Due to its location and inability to surgical excision, was decided bythe completion of photodynamic therapy using methylene blue at 2% as a phosensitizing agent and laser diode light source(Vetlight®). Photodynamic therapy using methylene blue as photosensitizing agent was effective in controlling growth up to 30days later observed.(AU)

Uso da terapia fotodinâmica empregando azul de metileno a 2% como agente fotossensibilizante para o controle de crescimento tumoral em calopsita (Nynphicus hollandicus) portador de sarcoma / Use of photodynamic therapy using methylene blue 2% as photosensitizing agent to control tumor growthin a cockatiel (Nynphicus hollandicus) carrier sarcoma

Os sarcomas são neoplasias de origem mesenquimal. Os sarcomas são neoplasias de origem mesenquimal, sendo considerados tumores agressivos que frequentemente gerammetástases e rápida debilidade. A indicação terapêutica é a exérese tumoral enquanto ainda não houver metástases. A terapiafotodinâmica tem sido utilizada para o tratamento de neoplasias tanto em humanos quanto em animais e muitos estudos têm sidodesenvolvidos de maneira a aprimorar e avaliar a efetividade da técnica. Uma calopsita (Nynphycus hollandicus) foi levada paraatendimento no Hospital Veterinário Professor Firmino Mársico Filho (HUVET-UFF) apresentando nódulo em região escapuloumeral.O diagnóstico citopatológico concluiu sarcoma. Devido à localização e impossibilidade de exérese cirúrgica, optou-sepela realização da terapia fotodinâmica utilizando-se o azul de metileno a 2% como agente fotossensibilizador e fonte de luz laserdiodo (Vetlight®). A terapia fotodinâmica empregando o azul de metileno como agente fotossensibilizante foi eficaz no controle docrescimento tumoral até os 30 dias posteriores observados.

Sarcoma are tumors of mesenchymal origin. They are aggressive tumors that frequently metastasize and rapid weakness. Thetherapeutic indication is the resection while there is still no metastasis. Photodynamic therapy has been used for the treatment ofcancer in both humans and animals and many studies have been developed in order to improve and enhance the effectivenessof the techniques. A Nynphycus hollandicus was brought to HUVET-UFF clinical service presenting a lump in scapulohumeralregion. The citological exam had a diagnosis of sarcoma. Due to its location and inability to surgical excision, was decided bythe completion of photodynamic therapy using methylene blue at 2% as a phosensitizing agent and laser diode light source(Vetlight®). Photodynamic therapy using methylene blue as photosensitizing agent was effective in controlling growth up to 30days later observed.

Light-emitting diode effects on combined decellularization of tracheae. A novel approach to obtain biological scaffolds

PURPOSE: To obtain a decellularized tracheal scaffold associating traditional approaches with the novel light-emitting diode (LED) proposal. METHODS: This study was performed with New Zealand adult rabbits weighing 3.0 - 4.0 kg. Different protocols (22) were used combining physical (agitation and LED irradiation), chemical (SDS and Triton X-100 detergents), and enzymatic methods (DNase and RNase). RESULTS: Generally, the cells surrounding soft tissues were successfully removed, but none protocol removed cells from the tracheal cartilage. However, longer protocols were more effective. The cost-benefits relation of the enzymatic processes was not favorable. It was possible to find out that the cartilaginous tissue submitted to the irradiation with LED 630nm and 475 nm showed an increased number of gaps without cells, but several cells were observed to be still present. CONCLUSION: The light-emitting diode is a promising tool for decellularization of soft tissues.(AU)

COPAÍBA (Copaifera langsdorfii DESF.; CAESALPINIACEAE) EM ASSOCIAÇÃO AO LASER TERAPÊUTICO NO TRATAMENTO DE FERIDAS CUTÂNEAS EM RATOS WISTAR

Protocolos alternativos para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas vêm sendo desenvolvidos, com o uso de técnicas como a laserterapia de baixa potência e a fitoterapia, que objetivam otimizar esse processo. Nesse estudo avaliouse a eficácia da associação entre óleo-resina de Copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii) e laserterapia de baixa potência, na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas, em comparação ao uso desses métodos separadamente. Foram utilizados 15 ratos Wistar (Rattus novergicus), nos quais confeccionaram-se cinco feridas de 8mm, através de punch de biopsia, sendo tratadas individualmente com os seguintes protocolos: grupo controle negativo, com solução fisiológica a 0,9% (T1); grupo controle positivo, com vaselina sólida (T2); grupo da laserterapia com AsGa (904nm), modo contínuo, focal, durante dez segundos, na dose de 4J/cm² (T3); grupo do óleo-resina de Copaíba, no qual aplicou-se uma gota do fitoterápico nas feridas (T4); e grupo de associação de óleoresina de Copaíba com a aplicação de laser de baixa potência (T5). A análise da eficácia de cada técnica se deu através da avaliação da taxa de cicatrização, análise histopatológica do infiltrado inflamatório das feridas, com coloração de Hematoxilina- Eosina, e expressão do colágeno, com o uso da coloração Picrosirius Red. Sendo os dados submetidos teste Kruskal-Wallis, dado que os resultados não se apresentaram paramétricos (P>0,05). A copaíba gerou vantagem na expressão de colágeno tipo III no tecido, dado que ambos os tratamentos com esse fitoterápico apresentaram os melhores resultados nesse parâmetro, enquanto a laserterapia demonstrou melhor capacidade de renovação tecidual, pois ambos os tratamentos com o uso da mesma tiveram os melhores resultados para fibroplasia no sétimo dia da cicatrização. Apesar de poucas vantagens da associação dessas duas técnicas, conclui-se que esse protocolo melhora o aspecto macroscópico das feridas, com menor formação de crostas.

Alternative protocols for the treatment of skin wounds have been developed, with the use of techniques such as low-level laser therapy and phytotherapy, aiming to optimize this process. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the association between Copaiba (Copaifera langsdorffii) oil-resin and low-power laser therapy, in the healing of cutaneous wounds, in comparison of these methods separately. Fifteen Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) were used, in which five 8-mm wounds were made through a biopsy punch. They were treated individually with the following protocols: negative control group (T1); positive control group (T2); laser therapy with AsGa (904nm), continuous, focal mode, for ten seconds, dosage of 4J/cm² (T3); Copaiba oil-resin (T4); And group of associations between Copaiba and low-level laser (T5). The efficacy of each technique was evaluated with: wound healing rate, histopathological analysis of the inflammatory infiltrate of the wounds, with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, and collagen expression, using Picrosirius Red staining. Statistical test used to analyze the data was Kruskal-Wallis (P> 0.05). Copaiba generated an advantage in the expression of type III collagen, because both treatments showed the best results in this parameter, whereas the laser therapy demonstrated a better ability of tissue renewal, since both treatments with this technique had the best results for fibroplasia in the middle of healing process. Although there are few advantages from the association of the two techniques, it is concluded that this protocol improves the macroscopic aspect of the wounds, with less crust formation.

The effects of different doses of 670 nm diode laser on skin flap survival in rats / O efeito de diferentes doses de laser de diodo 670 nm na viabilidade de retalho cutâneo randômico em ratos

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of different low-level laser therapy (LLLT) doses on random skin flap rats. METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided in four groups. The control group (CG) was not irradiated. The experimental groups were irradiated with a diode laser 670 nm with different energies per point: group 2 (G2) with 0.06 J; group 3 (G3) 0.15 J and group 4 (G4) 0.57 J. The three groups were irradiated in 12 equally distributed points in the cranial skin flap portion. They were submitted to the irradiation during the immediate, first and second postoperative days. The necrosis area was evaluated in the seventh postoperative day. RESULTS: The CG shows 49.35 percent of necrosis area in the skin flap; G2, 39.14 percent; G3, 47.01 percent and G4, 29.17 percent respectively. There was a significantly difference when G4 was compared with CG`s skin flap necrosis area. CONCLUSION: The low-level laser therapy diode 670 nm with 0.57 J energy per point increases the survival in randomic skin flap rats.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Investigar os efeitos de diferentes doses de laserterapia de baixa intensidade na viabilidade de retalhos cutâneos randômicos em ratos. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos Wistar foram randomizadamente distribuídos em quatro grupos. O grupo controle (GC) não foi irradiado. Os animais dos grupos experimentais foram irradiados por laser de diodo (670 nm) com as seguintes energias ofertadas por ponto: grupo 2 (G2) 0,06J; grupo 3 (G3) 0,15 J e grupo 4 (G4) 0,57 J. Os três grupos foram irradiados em 12 pontos igualmente distribuídos na porção cranial do retalho cutâneo. Todos os animais dos grupos 2, 3 e 4 foram submetidos ao protocolo de irradiação por três dias consecutivos, iniciando no pós-operatório imediato. A área necrótica foi avaliada no sétimo dia pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: A porcentagem de área necrótica apresentou-se da seguinte forma, nos diferentes grupos: GC= 49,35 por cento, G2= 39,14 por cento, G3= 47,01 e G4= 29,17 por cento. Foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante quando se compararam os dados entre GC e G4. CONCLUSÃO: A irradiação com laser de diodo (670 nm) de baixa intensidade, com oferta de 0,57 J de energia por ponto influenciou positivamente a viabilidade de retalhos cutâneos randômicos em ratos.(AU)

Efeito do laser terapêutico de baixa potência no gânglio da raiz dorsal L5 de camundongos submetidos ao esmagamento do nervo ciático / Effect of low-power laser therapy in L5 dorsal root ganglion of mice submitted to sciatic nerve crush injury

Avaliou-se o efeito o efeito da terapia laser de baixa potência (TLBP) na regeneração de neurônios periféricos de animais adultos. O nervo ciático direito de doze camundongos machos adultos foi esmagado com pinça hemostática durante 30 segundos. Os animais foram divididos aleatória e equitativamente em quatro grupos: HeNe, AsGa, NR e NOR. O grupo HeNe recebeu irradiação laser HeNe (3J/cm²). Os animais do grupo AsGa receberam radiação laser AsGa (30 mJ) e os animais remanescentes (NR) não foram radiados. A radiação transcutânea sobre o gânglio da raiz dorsal L5 foi realizada uma vez ao dia, por 21 dias. Outros quatro animais não foram operados e serviram como controle de normalidade (NOR). Decorridos 21 dias, fragmentos do nervo ciático foram coletados para avaliação morfológica e contagem do número de axônios. O gânglio da raiz dorsal L5 foi removido para a avaliação morfológica e contagem dos neurônios sensitivos sobreviventes à lesão. Os grupos que sofreram esmagamento do nervo sofreram redução no número de axônios quando comparados ao grupo não operado (NOR). O gânglio da raiz dorsal L5 também foi removido e seccionado em série para a contagem e mensuração dos neurônios sensitivos. Não se observou diferença entre os grupos quando considerada a área do pericário e o número de neurônios. Os resultados indicam que a TLBP não estimulou a regeneração de nervos em camundongos. A TLBP não teve ação neuroprotetora sobre os neurônios após a lesão dos seus axônios. (AU)

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of low-power laser therapy (LPLT) on the regenerating peripheral neurons in adult animals. The right sciatic nerve of twelve mice adults was experimentally crushed with a Halstead forceps during 30 seconds. Animals were randomly distributed into three: HeNe, GaAs and NR. HeNe group received radiation laser HeNe (3 J/cm2). The animals of the GaAs group received GaAs laser irradiation (30 mJ) and the remnant animals (NR) were not radiated. The radiation was daily transcutaneously applied to L5 dorsal root ganglion, for 21 days. Other four non-operated animals served as normal controls (NOR). After 21 days, the sciatic nerve was collected and processed for histological assessment and axonal counting. The L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was also removed for morphologic and morphometric evaluation of sensory surviving neurons. No difference was found in the number and size of DRG neurons among the experimental groups. The results indicate that LPLT did not improve regeneration of peripheral nerves in mice. LPLT had no neuroprotective effect on neurons after axonal lesion. (AU)

Laser arseneto de gálio (AsGa) como auxílio no reparode fratura umeral em pombos domésticos (Columba livia) / Laser gallium arsenide (GaAs) as an aid in the repair of humeral fracture in pigeons(Columba livia)

Com o aumento no atendimento de animais selvagens, em especial as aves, nos deparamos com numerosas enfermidades nesses animais, tendo as fraturas como as lesões mais frequentes no atendimento clínico-cirúrgico veterinário. O objetivo desse estudo foi de avaliar a utilização da radiação laser Arsenetode Gálio (AsGa) no reparo de fratura umeral em pombos domésticos. Foram utilizados 32 pombos divididos em dois grupos, formados por 16 animais cada, dispostos de forma aleatória. Os animais de ambos os grupos foram submetidos à osteossíntese de úmero, sendo que o Grupo I (GI) não recebeu nenhum tratamento adicional, enquanto que o Grupo II (GII) foi submetido a tratamento com radiação laser AsGa. Cada grupo foi subdividido em quatro subgrupos conforme o período de avaliação (8, 15, 30 e 60dias). As aves foram avaliadas clinicamente, radiologicamente e avaliação histológica. Na histologia não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos estudados. No exame radiográfico a formação de calo ósseo só foi observada na avaliação de 30 dias. Clinicamente as aves apresentaram uso funcional do membro,ausência de edema, secreção ou sinais de infecção. No teste de voo, todos os animais do GII alcançaram voo até 19 dias de pós-operatório, enquanto que o GI até 23 dias de pós-operatório. É possível concluir que a terapia com radiação laser AsGa com dosimetria de 4 J/cm², aplicado em quatro pontos, diminui o tempo para o restabelecimento do voo.AU

With the increase in the care of wildlife, especially birds are faced with numerous diseases in these animals, with fractures as the most frequent injuries in clinical care and surgical veterinarian. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of laser radiation Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) in the repair of humeral fracture in domestic pigeons. We used 32 pigeons were divided into two groups consistingof 16 animals each in aleatory form. Animals from both groups underwent osteosynthesis ofthe humerus, with Group I (GI) received no additional treatment current, while the Group II (GII) underwent treatment with laser radiation of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Each group was subdivided into four subgroups according to the evaluation period (8, 15, 30 and 60 days). The birds were evaluated clinical, radiological and histological evaluation. Histologically there was no significant difference between groups. In radiographic callus formation was observed only in 30-day trial. Clinically,the birds showed functional use of the limb, absence of edema, discharge or signs of infection.In flight test, all animals reached the IGI flight until 19 days after surgery, while the GI until 23 daysafter surgery. It was concluded that radiation therapy laser Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) with dosimetryof 4 J/cm2 was applied at four points, decreases the time for t he resumption of flight.AU

Laser arseneto de gálio (AsGa) como auxílio no reparode fratura umeral em pombos domésticos (Columba livia) / Laser gallium arsenide (GaAs) as an aid in the repair of humeral fracture in pigeons(Columba livia)

Com o aumento no atendimento de animais selvagens, em especial as aves, nos deparamos com numerosas enfermidades nesses animais, tendo as fraturas como as lesões mais frequentes no atendimento clínico-cirúrgico veterinário. O objetivo desse estudo foi de avaliar a utilização da radiação laser Arsenetode Gálio (AsGa) no reparo de fratura umeral em pombos domésticos. Foram utilizados 32 pombos divididos em dois grupos, formados por 16 animais cada, dispostos de forma aleatória. Os animais de ambos os grupos foram submetidos à osteossíntese de úmero, sendo que o Grupo I (GI) não recebeu nenhum tratamento adicional, enquanto que o Grupo II (GII) foi submetido a tratamento com radiação laser AsGa. Cada grupo foi subdividido em quatro subgrupos conforme o período de avaliação (8, 15, 30 e 60dias). As aves foram avaliadas clinicamente, radiologicamente e avaliação histológica. Na histologia não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos estudados. No exame radiográfico a formação de calo ósseo só foi observada na avaliação de 30 dias. Clinicamente as aves apresentaram uso funcional do membro,ausência de edema, secreção ou sinais de infecção. No teste de voo, todos os animais do GII alcançaram voo até 19 dias de pós-operatório, enquanto que o GI até 23 dias de pós-operatório. É possível concluir que a terapia com radiação laser AsGa com dosimetria de 4 J/cm², aplicado em quatro pontos, diminui o tempo para o restabelecimento do voo.

With the increase in the care of wildlife, especially birds are faced with numerous diseases in these animals, with fractures as the most frequent injuries in clinical care and surgical veterinarian. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of laser radiation Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) in the repair of humeral fracture in domestic pigeons. We used 32 pigeons were divided into two groups consistingof 16 animals each in aleatory form. Animals from both groups underwent osteosynthesis ofthe humerus, with Group I (GI) received no additional treatment current, while the Group II (GII) underwent treatment with laser radiation of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Each group was subdivided into four subgroups according to the evaluation period (8, 15, 30 and 60 days). The birds were evaluated clinical, radiological and histological evaluation. Histologically there was no significant difference between groups. In radiographic callus formation was observed only in 30-day trial. Clinically,the birds showed functional use of the limb, absence of edema, discharge or signs of infection.In flight test, all animals reached the IGI flight until 19 days after surgery, while the GI until 23 daysafter surgery. It was concluded that radiation therapy laser Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) with dosimetryof 4 J/cm2 was applied at four points, decreases the time for t he resumption of flight.

Avaliação do laser de baixa intensidade na regeneração de cartilagem articular do joelho de coelhos submetidos à trocleoplastia

A osteoartrose (OA) do joelho é uma doença de caráter inflamatório e degenerativo que provoca a destruição da cartilagem articular e leva à deformidade da articulação. A luxação patelar é um problema ortopédico comum na clínica de pequenos animais. A cirurgia não impede a progressão da OA. O laser de baixa intensidade (LBI) tem sido utilizado para acelerar processos de reparação tecidual, por aumentar o fluxo sangüíneo, possuir ação antiinflamatória, antiedematosa, analgésica e estimular o metabolismo celular. Este trabalho estudou a influência da laserterapia em dois espectros eletromagnéticos, vermelho e infravermelho, na reparação cartilagínea, diferenciando histologicamente o tipo de cartilagem formada durante a reparação articular. Foram utilizados 36 coelhos machos raça Norfolk divididos em 3 grupos com 12 animais cada: G1 (controle, trocleoplastia sem tratamento pós-operatório), G2 (trocleoplastia + irradiação laser 670 nm) e G3 (trocleoplastia + irradiação laser 904 nm). Os animais dos grupos G2 e G3 foram irradiados diariamente, com intervalo de 24 horas, durante 10 dias utilizando um laser In-Ga-Al com comprimento de onda (?) de 670 e um laser de As-Ga com ? de 904 nm respectivamente, na dose de 2 J por ponto totalizando 4 pontos. Os grupos G2 e G3 apresentaram recuperação funcional mais rápida que G1. Histologicamente, G3 apresentou um aspecto osteocondral mais regular, com formação de cartilagem hialina enquanto em G1 e G2 formou-se fibrocartilagem

Stifle osteoarthrosis is an inflammatory and degenerative disease that causes destruction of the articular cartilage and leads to deformity in the articulation. Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic problem in the clinic of small animals. The surgery does not avoid the progression of the osteoarthrosis. Low intensity laser has been used to improve degenerated processes for it increases blood flow, it has antiinflammatory, antiedematous, analgesic effects and stimulates cellular metabolism. This work studied the influence of laser therapy of two electromagnetic spectra, red and infrared, for repairing cartilage, histologically telling apart the kind of cartilage formed during articular regeneration. We use 36 male rabbits bred Norfolk divided into 3 groups with 12 animals each: G1 (control, trochleoplasty without treatment post-operatory), G2 (trochleoplasty + laser therapy 670 nm) and G3 (trochleoplasty + laser therapy 904 nm). The animals from G2 and G3 were irradiated daily with an interval of 24 hours over 10 days using a laser Ga-Al-In with wavelength (?) of 670 and a Ga-As laser with ? 904 nm respectively. At a dose of 2 J per point total of 4 points. The groups G2 and G3 showed faster functional recovery that G1. Histologically, G3 had a most regular osteochondral aspect, with hyaline cartilage formation while in G1 and G2 formed fibrocartilage

New photonic technologies for the treatment and diagnosis of hepatic diseases: an overview of the experimental work performed in collaboration, between Physics Institute of São Carlos and Ribeirão Preto Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo / Novas tecnologias fotônicas no tratamento e diagnóstico de doenças hepáticas: uma revisão dos trabalhos experimentais realizados em colaboração, entre o Instituto de Física de São Carlos e a Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo

Recent advances in optical techniques have created a great range of possibilities for diagnosis and therapeutics in liver related diseases. With the uses of efficient light sources like lasers and LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) it is possible to employ the light-tissue interaction to promote hepatic tissue regeneration after partial hepatectomy, to detect hepatocarcinoma and steatosis by utilizing optical fluorescence, to evaluate the metabolism of the liver during hepatic transplantation as well as to treat liver tumors. We present here an overview of the technique presently in development at the Ribeirâo Preto Faculty of Medicine - USP in cooperation with the Physics Institute of São Carlos -USP. The results obtained so far have been the subject of a list of publications and are here presented as an overview. A new perspective for modern application of optical techniques in different medical practices related to the liver is presented.(AU)

Recentes avanços em técnicas ópticas têm propiciado vasto campo de possibilidades tanto para o diagnóstico quanto para a terapêutica de doenças hepáticas.Com o uso de eficientes fontes de luz como o laser e Light emitting diodes (LED) é possível utilizar a interação luz-tecido para promover a regeneração hepática após hepatectomias parciais,detectar hepatocarcinoma, esteatose e outras alterações do fígado pelo uso da fluorescência óptica,para avaliar o metabolismo hepático durante o transplante de fígado e na abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica de alterações hepatocelulares. Os autores apresentam uma ampla revisão de técnicas atualmente em desenvolvimento na Divisão de Gastroenterologia Cirúrgica da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo num trabalho cooperativo com o Instituto de Física de São Carlos da USP. Os resultados obtidos até agora têm sido motivo de lista de publicações que são aqui apresentados em forma de revisão. Uma nova perspectiva de moderna aplicação de técnicas ópticas em várias situações clínico-cirúrgicas relacionadas com o fígado é apresentada e amplamente discutida.(AU)

Enxerto autólogo de pele, em malha, com espessura completa, na reparação de feridas carpometacarpianas de cães: resposta à irradiação laser AsGa

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, under gross examinations, the effects of laser AsGa, in autologous full thickness mesh skin grafts, to repair wound in the carpametacarpal regions of dogs. Twenty adult mongrel dogs were used in the present research, divided into two equal groups. Skin graft was apllied, in fresh wounds of the carpametacarpal regions (group I), prepared by skin excision of 7.5cm² in both forelimbs. The donor site was the lateral thoracic wall. At the second moment, skin graft was applied, in wounds with granulation tissue (group II). Treatment laser AsGa in the graft was done always in the left forelimbs during ten days after surgery (group I and II). The treatment with laser AsGa in the receptor site (group II) was done during six days. Grafts treated with laser AsGa, showed minor exudate and edema and rosy color when compared with untreated. The irradiated graft has improvement in the "take" in the initial phase.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar clinicamente os efeitos da radiação laser AsGa, em enxertos autólogos de pele, em malha, com espessura completa, na reparação de feridas carpometacarpianas de cães. Para a seleção da amostra, escolheram-se, aleatoriamente, 20 cães que foram separados em dois grupos nos quais foi criada ferida medindo 7,5cm² na região carpometacarpiana. Nos animais do grupo I, a transposição realizou-se em leito receptor fresco. Os do grupo II se diferenciaram, por a enxertia ser em leito receptor contendo tecido de granulação. A região doadora foi a parede costolateral. O tratamento laser AsGa foi realizado sempre no membro esquerdo, imediatamente após a transplantação perdurando por dez dias (grupo I e II). O leito receptor (grupo II) foi irradiado durante 6 dias. Os resultados indicaram diferença significativa em favor dos enxertos tratados com laser AsGa quando comparados aos enxertos testemunhas, considerando as variáveis exsudação, coloração e edema. Isso permite concluir que enxertos irradiados exibem uma pega mais avançada no estádio inicial da enxertia.

Enxerto autólogo de pele, em malha, com espessura completa, na reparação de feridas carpometacarpianas de cães: resposta à irradiação laser AsGa

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, under gross examinations, the effects of laser AsGa, in autologous full thickness mesh skin grafts, to repair wound in the carpametacarpal regions of dogs. Twenty adult mongrel dogs were used in the present research, divided into two equal groups. Skin graft was apllied, in fresh wounds of the carpametacarpal regions (group I), prepared by skin excision of 7.5cm² in both forelimbs. The donor site was the lateral thoracic wall. At the second moment, skin graft was applied, in wounds with granulation tissue (group II). Treatment laser AsGa in the graft was done always in the left forelimbs during ten days after surgery (group I and II). The treatment with laser AsGa in the receptor site (group II) was done during six days. Grafts treated with laser AsGa, showed minor exudate and edema and rosy color when compared with untreated. The irradiated graft has improvement in the "take" in the initial phase.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar clinicamente os efeitos da radiação laser AsGa, em enxertos autólogos de pele, em malha, com espessura completa, na reparação de feridas carpometacarpianas de cães. Para a seleção da amostra, escolheram-se, aleatoriamente, 20 cães que foram separados em dois grupos nos quais foi criada ferida medindo 7,5cm² na região carpometacarpiana. Nos animais do grupo I, a transposição realizou-se em leito receptor fresco. Os do grupo II se diferenciaram, por a enxertia ser em leito receptor contendo tecido de granulação. A região doadora foi a parede costolateral. O tratamento laser AsGa foi realizado sempre no membro esquerdo, imediatamente após a transplantação perdurando por dez dias (grupo I e II). O leito receptor (grupo II) foi irradiado durante 6 dias. Os resultados indicaram diferença significativa em favor dos enxertos tratados com laser AsGa quando comparados aos enxertos testemunhas, considerando as variáveis exsudação, coloração e edema. Isso permite concluir que enxertos irradiados exibem uma pega mais avançada no estádio inicial da enxertia.