Nasal leiomyosarcoma in a Quarter Horse / Leiomiossarcoma nasal em equino Quarto de Milha

We described the clinical and anatomopathological findings observed in a case of nasal leiomyosarcoma in a five-year-old male Quarter Mile horse, whose main complaints were decreased sports performance and bilateral purulent nasal discharge. The nodule was observed in the nasal cavity, obstructing the left nostril and associated with purulent drainage. The nodule was of irregular shape and yellow color, measuring 19.4 cm × 6.9 cm × 4.3 cm in size, with coalescent multifocal areas that were brownish, friable, opaque, and fetid. When cut, the surface was compact, grayish-white, and smooth with yellow, friable, irregular multifocal areas, measuring 1-3.2 cm in diameter. Histopathological examination showed spindle-shaped neoplastic cells, which was negative on Masson's trichromic stain. A diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was established based on the morphotintorial aspects of neoplastic cells and confirmed through immunohistochemistry, with positive immunostaining for antibodies 1A4, HHF35, desmin, and S100. Leiomyosarcoma primarily affects the nasal cavity of horses and should be included in the differential diagnosis of diseases that affect the nasal cavity and cause nasal obstruction associated with dyspnea.

Descreve-se os achados clínicos e anatomopatológicos observados em um caso de leiomiossarcoma nasal em um equino, Quarto de Milha, macho, de cinco anos de idade, com queixa principal de diminuição do rendimento esportivo e secreção nasal purulenta bilateral. Na cavidade nasal, observou-se um nódulo obstruindo a narina esquerda associada à secreção purulenta. O nódulo era de superfície irregular, amarelada, brilhante, fibroelástica, medindo 19,4 x 6,9 x 4,3cm de tamanho, com áreas multifocais a coalescente acastanhadas, friáveis, opacas e fétidas. Ao corte, a superfície era compacta, branco-acinzentada e lisa com áreas multifocais amarelas, friáveis e irregulares, medindo 1-3,2 cm de diâmetro. No exame histopatológico foi observado proliferação de células neoplásicas fusiformes, que foram negativas na coloração de Tricrômico de Masson. O diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma foi estabelecido com base nos aspectos morfotintoriais das células neoplásicas e confirmado através da imuno-histoquímica, no qual houve imunomarcação positiva para os anticorpos 1A4, HHF35, Desmina e S100. O leiomiossarcoma pode afetar primariamente a cavidade nasal de equinos, devendo ser incluído no diagnóstico diferencial de doenças que afetam a cavidade nasal e que provocam quadros de obstrução nasal associado a dispneia.

Nasal leiomyosarcoma in a Quarter Horse / Leiomiossarcoma nasal em equino Quarto de Milha

ABSTRACT: We described the clinical and anatomopathological findings observed in a case of nasal leiomyosarcoma in a five-year-old male Quarter Mile horse, whose main complaints were decreased sports performance and bilateral purulent nasal discharge. The nodule was observed in the nasal cavity, obstructing the left nostril and associated with purulent drainage. The nodule was of irregular shape and yellow color, measuring 19.4 cm × 6.9 cm × 4.3 cm in size, with coalescent multifocal areas that were brownish, friable, opaque, and fetid. When cut, the surface was compact, grayish-white, and smooth with yellow, friable, irregular multifocal areas, measuring 1-3.2 cm in diameter. Histopathological examination showed spindle-shaped neoplastic cells, which was negative on Masson's trichromic stain. A diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was established based on the morphotintorial aspects of neoplastic cells and confirmed through immunohistochemistry, with positive immunostaining for antibodies 1A4, HHF35, desmin, and S100. Leiomyosarcoma primarily affects the nasal cavity of horses and should be included in the differential diagnosis of diseases that affect the nasal cavity and cause nasal obstruction associated with dyspnea.

RESUMO: Descreve-se os achados clínicos e anatomopatológicos observados em um caso de leiomiossarcoma nasal em um equino, Quarto de Milha, macho, de cinco anos de idade, com queixa principal de diminuição do rendimento esportivo e secreção nasal purulenta bilateral. Na cavidade nasal, observou-se um nódulo obstruindo a narina esquerda associada à secreção purulenta. O nódulo era de superfície irregular, amarelada, brilhante, fibroelástica, medindo 19,4 x 6,9 x 4,3cm de tamanho, com áreas multifocais a coalescente acastanhadas, friáveis, opacas e fétidas. Ao corte, a superfície era compacta, branco-acinzentada e lisa com áreas multifocais amarelas, friáveis e irregulares, medindo 1-3,2 cm de diâmetro. No exame histopatológico foi observado proliferação de células neoplásicas fusiformes, que foram negativas na coloração de Tricrômico de Masson. O diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma foi estabelecido com base nos aspectos morfotintoriais das células neoplásicas e confirmado através da imuno-histoquímica, no qual houve imunomarcação positiva para os anticorpos 1A4, HHF35, Desmina e S100. O leiomiossarcoma pode afetar primariamente a cavidade nasal de equinos, devendo ser incluído no diagnóstico diferencial de doenças que afetam a cavidade nasal e que provocam quadros de obstrução nasal associado a dispneia.

Leiomiossarcoma metastático em ganso africano (Anser cygnoides) / Metastatic leiomyosarcoma in African goose (Anser cygnoides)

Background: In birds, neoplasms are more frequently observed in Psittaciformes and Galliformes and rarely seen in Columbiformes and Anseriformes, with few reports of the occurrence of mesenchymal neoplasms such as leiomyosarcoma affecting birds. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe a case of metastatic leiomyosarcoma in an African goose (Anser cygnoides), analyzing the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects. Case: A 10-month-old male African goose, was referred to the Veterinary Hospital, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil, whit ataxia, tremors of intention in the head, and nystagmus about one month ago, progressing to lateral decubitus. Due to the unfavorable prognosis, animal was euthanized. Samples of the organs of the coelomic cavity and central nervous system were collected for histologic examination. The samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After fixation, the organs were embedded in paraffin, cut into 4-5 µm sections, and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Paraffin blocks with liver, kidney and encephalon fragments were selected and sent for immunohistochemical analysis. The primary antibodies used were: alpha-smooth muscle actin (monoclonal 1A4), anti-vimentin (monoclonal, V9), CD57 (monoclonal, NK1) and cytokeratin (monoclonal, AE1/AE3) and incubated for 18 h at 4Cº. As an amplification and detection system polymer and labeled by addition of the liquid diaminobenzidine+substratechromogen system and counterstained with Harris hematoxylin. Macroscopically were observed in the liver nodular multifocal areas yellowish, sometimes coalescing, firm, and elevated to the surface that at the cut deepened to the parenchyma. In the left kidney there was a similar tumor mass. In the left frontal lobe, there was nodular focal area, well circumscribed, yellowish and protruding. To cutting surface it compressed the parietal and temporal lobe and showed surface yellowish and smooth. Microscopically, the liver was diffusely infiltrated by mesenchymal neoplasia, expansive, infiltrative, poorly circumscribed and not encapsulated, constituted by spindle cells arranged in interlaced bundles. The cells were elongated with sparse cytoplasm, slightly eosinophilic and indistinct borders with rounded to elongated nuclei, with coarse chromatin and evident nucleoli. In fragments of kidney and brain, neoplastic infiltration similar to that described in the liver was observed. In immunohistochemistry, neoplastic cells were positive with antibodies anti-vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Discussion: The diagnosis of metastatic leiomyosarcoma in an African goose was based on epidemiological, clinical and pathological findings and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Reports of neoplasms in birds are relatively rare, however the occurrence of metastatic leiomyosarcoma affecting goose in the most varied locations has been described, from skin to organs of the coelomic cavity like kidney, ovary and intestinal wall. In this case, there is the unusual occurrence of dissemination in the liver, kidney and cerebral cortex, progressing to a neurological clinic condition. There are rare cases of metastatic leiomyosarcoma in geese African goose (Anser cygnoides). The main differential diagnoses include fibrosarcomas, neurofibrosarcomas and histiocytic sarcomas, which are similar macroscopically and histologically.

Uterine leiomyosarcoma with secondary acute hemoabdomen in a goat

Neoplasms of the reproductive tract are uncommonly reported in goats. Here we describe a case of sudden death caused by acute hemoabdomen due to a ruptured uterine leiomyosarcoma in a 7-year-old female mixed breed goat. Gross changes included oral and ocular pallor, as well as 3 liters of blood and blood clots in the abdominal cavity. The uterine body wall was irregularly thickened and firm, and had a 2 cm in diameter, transmural perforation. The uterine lumen was filled with dark red to brown blood clots admixed with friable necrotic material. Histologically, a poorly-demarcated neoplasm expanded and effaced the uterine wall. The neoplasm consisted of densely packed bundles and streams of elongate neoplastic cells with moderate pleomorphism and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongate nuclei with coarsely stippled chromatin. The mitotic count was 4 per 2.37 mm2. Multiple areas of necrosis and clusters of lymphocytes and plasma cells were present throughout the neoplasm. Neoplastic cells exhibited diffuse immunolabeling for smooth muscle actin and patchy immunolabeling for desmin, consistent with a uterine leiomyosarcoma.(AU)

Uterine leiomyosarcoma with secondary acute hemoabdomen in a goat

Neoplasms of the reproductive tract are uncommonly reported in goats. Here we describe a case of sudden death caused by acute hemoabdomen due to a ruptured uterine leiomyosarcoma in a 7-year-old female mixed breed goat. Gross changes included oral and ocular pallor, as well as 3 liters of blood and blood clots in the abdominal cavity. The uterine body wall was irregularly thickened and firm, and had a 2 cm in diameter, transmural perforation. The uterine lumen was filled with dark red to brown blood clots admixed with friable necrotic material. Histologically, a poorly-demarcated neoplasm expanded and effaced the uterine wall. The neoplasm consisted of densely packed bundles and streams of elongate neoplastic cells with moderate pleomorphism and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongate nuclei with coarsely stippled chromatin. The mitotic count was 4 per 2.37 mm2. Multiple areas of necrosis and clusters of lymphocytes and plasma cells were present throughout the neoplasm. Neoplastic cells exhibited diffuse immunolabeling for smooth muscle actin and patchy immunolabeling for desmin, consistent with a uterine leiomyosarcoma.

Primary nonlymphoid gastrointestinal neoplasms in dogs in Rio Grande do Sul / Neoplasmas gastrointestinais primários não linfoides em cães no Rio Grande do Sul

Gastrointestinal neoplasms (GIN) are uncommon in dogs, but they mainly show malignant behavior and poor prognosis. The types of GIN in dogs and their frequency, as well as their epidemiological and histopathological characteristics were analyzed through a retrospective study of biopsies from 24.711 dogs from 2005 to 2017. Additionally, histological sections of neoplasms were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using antibodies against pancytokeratin, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy, and neuron-specific enolase. Of the total samples from dogs analyzed, 88 corresponded to GIN. Neoplasms occurred more frequently in purebred dogs (64.8%, 57/88), males (53.4%, 47/88), with a median age of 10 years. The intestine was affected by 84.1% (74/88) of the cases. Of these, the large intestine was the most affected (67.6%, 50/74). Most of the neoplasms had malignant behavior (88.6%, 78/88). Regarding the classification of neoplasms, 46.6% (41/88) of the diagnoses corresponded to epithelial, 46.6% (41/88) were mesenchymal, 5.7% (5/88) were hematopoietic, and 1.1% (1/88) was neuroendocrine. The most frequently diagnosed neoplasms were papillary adenocarcinoma (19.3%, 17/88), leiomyosarcoma (17.0%, 15/88), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (12.5%, 11/88), and leiomyoma (5.0%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas were located mainly in the rectum, whereas leiomyosarcomas and GISTs developed mainly in the cecum. Epithelial neoplasms showed a greater potential for lymphatic invasion whereas mesenchymal neoplasms appeared to be more expansive with intratumoral necrosis and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry was found to be an important diagnostic technique for the identification of infiltrating cells in carcinomas and an indispensable technique for the definitive diagnosis of sarcomas.(AU)

Neoplasmas gastrointestinais (NGI) são pouco comuns em cães, mas possuem principalmente comportamento maligno e prognóstico reservado. Os tipos de NGI em cães e sua frequência, bem como características epidemiológicas e histopatológicas foram analisados por meio de um estudo retrospectivo dos exames de biópsias de 24.711 cães entre os anos de 2005 a 2017. Adicionalmente, cortes histológicos de NGI foram submetidos à técnica de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ), utilizando os anticorpos anti-pancitoqueratina, vimentina, actina de músculo liso, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy e enolase neurônio específica. Do total de cães analisados, 88 corresponderam a NGI não linfoides. Os neoplasmas ocorreram com maior frequência em cães de raça pura (64,8%, 57/88), machos (53,4%, 47/88), com mediana de idade de 10 anos. O intestino foi acometido em 84,1% dos casos (74/88). Destes, o intestino grosso foi o segmento mais afetado (67,6%, 50/74). A maior parte dos neoplasmas tinha comportamento maligno (88,6%, 78/88). Quanto à classificação, 46,6% (41/88) dos diagnósticos corresponderam a neoplasmas epiteliais, 46,6% (41/88) mesenquimais, 5,7% (5/88) hematopoiéticos e 1,1% (1/88), neuroendócrino. Os neoplasmas mais frequentemente diagnosticados foram adenocarcinoma papilar (19,3%, 17/88), leiomiossarcoma (17,0%, 15/88), tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST) (12,5%, 11/88) e leiomioma (12,5%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas localizavam-se principalmente no reto, enquanto leiomiossarcoma e GISTs desenvolveram-se principalmente no ceco. Os neoplasmas epiteliais demonstraram um potencial maior de invasão linfática enquanto que os mesenquimais aparentaram ser mais expansivos, com necrose e hemorragia intratumorais. A imuno-histoquímica mostrou ser uma técnica diagnóstica importante para a identificação de células neoplásicas infiltravas no caso dos carcinomas e uma técnica indispensável para o diagnóstico definitivo de sarcomas.(AU)

Primary nonlymphoid gastrointestinal neoplasms in dogs in Rio Grande do Sul / Neoplasmas gastrointestinais primários não linfoides em cães no Rio Grande do Sul

Gastrointestinal neoplasms (GIN) are uncommon in dogs, but they mainly show malignant behavior and poor prognosis. The types of GIN in dogs and their frequency, as well as their epidemiological and histopathological characteristics were analyzed through a retrospective study of biopsies from 24.711 dogs from 2005 to 2017. Additionally, histological sections of neoplasms were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using antibodies against pancytokeratin, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy, and neuron-specific enolase. Of the total samples from dogs analyzed, 88 corresponded to GIN. Neoplasms occurred more frequently in purebred dogs (64.8%, 57/88), males (53.4%, 47/88), with a median age of 10 years. The intestine was affected by 84.1% (74/88) of the cases. Of these, the large intestine was the most affected (67.6%, 50/74). Most of the neoplasms had malignant behavior (88.6%, 78/88). Regarding the classification of neoplasms, 46.6% (41/88) of the diagnoses corresponded to epithelial, 46.6% (41/88) were mesenchymal, 5.7% (5/88) were hematopoietic, and 1.1% (1/88) was neuroendocrine. The most frequently diagnosed neoplasms were papillary adenocarcinoma (19.3%, 17/88), leiomyosarcoma (17.0%, 15/88), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (12.5%, 11/88), and leiomyoma (5.0%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas were located mainly in the rectum, whereas leiomyosarcomas and GISTs developed mainly in the cecum. Epithelial neoplasms showed a greater potential for lymphatic invasion whereas mesenchymal neoplasms appeared to be more expansive with intratumoral necrosis and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry was found to be an important diagnostic technique for the identification of infiltrating cells in carcinomas and an indispensable technique for the definitive diagnosis of sarcomas.(AU)

Neoplasmas gastrointestinais (NGI) são pouco comuns em cães, mas possuem principalmente comportamento maligno e prognóstico reservado. Os tipos de NGI em cães e sua frequência, bem como características epidemiológicas e histopatológicas foram analisados por meio de um estudo retrospectivo dos exames de biópsias de 24.711 cães entre os anos de 2005 a 2017. Adicionalmente, cortes histológicos de NGI foram submetidos à técnica de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ), utilizando os anticorpos anti-pancitoqueratina, vimentina, actina de músculo liso, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy e enolase neurônio específica. Do total de cães analisados, 88 corresponderam a NGI não linfoides. Os neoplasmas ocorreram com maior frequência em cães de raça pura (64,8%, 57/88), machos (53,4%, 47/88), com mediana de idade de 10 anos. O intestino foi acometido em 84,1% dos casos (74/88). Destes, o intestino grosso foi o segmento mais afetado (67,6%, 50/74). A maior parte dos neoplasmas tinha comportamento maligno (88,6%, 78/88). Quanto à classificação, 46,6% (41/88) dos diagnósticos corresponderam a neoplasmas epiteliais, 46,6% (41/88) mesenquimais, 5,7% (5/88) hematopoiéticos e 1,1% (1/88), neuroendócrino. Os neoplasmas mais frequentemente diagnosticados foram adenocarcinoma papilar (19,3%, 17/88), leiomiossarcoma (17,0%, 15/88), tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST) (12,5%, 11/88) e leiomioma (12,5%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas localizavam-se principalmente no reto, enquanto leiomiossarcoma e GISTs desenvolveram-se principalmente no ceco. Os neoplasmas epiteliais demonstraram um potencial maior de invasão linfática enquanto que os mesenquimais aparentaram ser mais expansivos, com necrose e hemorragia intratumorais. A imuno-histoquímica mostrou ser uma técnica diagnóstica importante para a identificação de células neoplásicas infiltravas no caso dos carcinomas e uma técnica indispensável para o diagnóstico definitivo de sarcomas.(AU)

Primary nonlymphoid gastrointestinal neoplasms in dogs in Rio Grande do Sul

ABSTRACT: Gastrointestinal neoplasms (GIN) are uncommon in dogs, but they mainly show malignant behavior and poor prognosis. The types of GIN in dogs and their frequency, as well as their epidemiological and histopathological characteristics were analyzed through a retrospective study of biopsies from 24.711 dogs from 2005 to 2017. Additionally, histological sections of neoplasms were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using antibodies against pancytokeratin, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79cy, and neuron-specific enolase. Of the total samples from dogs analyzed, 88 corresponded to GIN. Neoplasms occurred more frequently in purebred dogs (64.8%, 57/88), males (53.4%, 47/88), with a median age of 10 years. The intestine was affected by 84.1% (74/88) of the cases. Of these, the large intestine was the most affected (67.6%, 50/74). Most of the neoplasms had malignant behavior (88.6%, 78/88). Regarding the classification of neoplasms, 46.6% (41/88) of the diagnoses corresponded to epithelial, 46.6% (41/88) were mesenchymal, 5.7% (5/88) were hematopoietic, and 1.1% (1/88) was neuroendocrine. The most frequently diagnosed neoplasms were papillary adenocarcinoma (19.3%, 17/88), leiomyosarcoma (17.0%, 15/88), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (12.5%, 11/88), and leiomyoma (5.0%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas were located mainly in the rectum, whereas leiomyosarcomas and GISTs developed mainly in the cecum. Epithelial neoplasms showed a greater potential for lymphatic invasion whereas mesenchymal neoplasms appeared to be more expansive with intratumoral necrosis and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry was found to be an important diagnostic technique for the identification of infiltrating cells in carcinomas and an indispensable technique for the definitive diagnosis of sarcomas.

RESUMO: Neoplasmas gastrointestinais (NGI) são pouco comuns em cães, mas possuem principalmente comportamento maligno e prognóstico reservado. Os tipos de NGI em cães e sua frequência, bem como características epidemiológicas e histopatológicas foram analisados por meio de um estudo retrospectivo dos exames de biópsias de 24.711 cães entre os anos de 2005 a 2017. Adicionalmente, cortes histológicos de NGI foram submetidos à técnica de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ), utilizando os anticorpos anti-pancitoqueratina, vimentina, actina de músculo liso, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79cy e enolase neurônio específica. Do total de cães analisados, 88 corresponderam a NGI não linfoides. Os neoplasmas ocorreram com maior frequência em cães de raça pura (64,8%, 57/88), machos (53,4%, 47/88), com mediana de idade de 10 anos. O intestino foi acometido em 84,1% dos casos (74/88). Destes, o intestino grosso foi o segmento mais afetado (67,6%, 50/74). A maior parte dos neoplasmas tinha comportamento maligno (88,6%, 78/88). Quanto à classificação, 46,6% (41/88) dos diagnósticos corresponderam a neoplasmas epiteliais, 46,6% (41/88) mesenquimais, 5,7% (5/88) hematopoiéticos e 1,1% (1/88), neuroendócrino. Os neoplasmas mais frequentemente diagnosticados foram adenocarcinoma papilar (19,3%, 17/88), leiomiossarcoma (17,0%, 15/88), tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST) (12,5%, 11/88) e leiomioma (12,5%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas localizavam-se principalmente no reto, enquanto leiomiossarcoma e GISTs desenvolveram-se principalmente no ceco. Os neoplasmas epiteliais demonstraram um potencial maior de invasão linfática enquanto que os mesenquimais aparentaram ser mais expansivos, com necrose e hemorragia intratumorais. A imuno-histoquímica mostrou ser uma técnica diagnóstica importante para a identificação de células neoplásicas infiltravas no caso dos carcinomas e uma técnica indispensável para o diagnóstico definitivo de sarcomas.

Metástase hepática de tumor gastrointestinal estromal (gist) em cão: relato de caso / Hepatic metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gist) in dog: case report

Os tumores mesenquimais originados a partir de células intersticiais de Cajal, denominados tumores gastrointestinais estromais (GIST) são raros em humanos e com incidência ainda desconhecida em cães. A diferenciação de GIST, leiomiossarcoma e leiomioma com base apenas em exames de imagem, morfológicos e colorações simples por meio da histologia é muitas vezes difícil, sendo indicada realização de imuno-histoquímica. Foi atendida uma cadela, sem padrão racial definido, oito anos, 17kg de peso corporal, com discreto aumento de volume abdominal, sendo evidenciada por ultrassom abdominal neoformação intra-abdominal em região mesogástrica, sem demais alterações clínicas. Durante celiotomia exploratória, identificou-se que a neoformação intestinal localizava-se em jejuno, optando pela realização de enterectomia, sendo posteriormente diagnosticada como leiomiossarcoma pela análise histopatológica. Preconizou-se a instituição de quimioterapia adjuvante com o uso de doxorrubicina (30 mg/m²), a cada 21 dias, totalizando seis sessões. Após dez meses do tratamento cirúrgico, a paciente foi submetida a novo estadiamento clínico, sendo visibilizado, mediante ultrassom abdominal neoformações sólidas em fígado. A partir de biópsia hepática guiada por ultrassom com agulha “tru-cut” e análise histológica e imuno-histoquímica, definiu-se que as neoformações hepáticas eram metástases de GIST, instituindo o tratamento com fosfato de toceranib (Palladia®). Desde o momento da enterectomia ao óbito da paciente, contabilizou-se 20,4 meses de sobrevida global.

Mesenchymal tumors originating from interstitial cells of Cajal, called stromal gastrointestinal tumors (GIST) are rare in humans and their incidence is still unknown in dogs. The differentiation of GIST, leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma based only on imaging, morphological and simple staining through histology is often difficult, and immunohistochemistry is indicated. A female dog, mixed breed, eight years old, 17kg of body weight, with a slight increase in abdominal volume, and ultrasound evidence of an intra-abdominal neoformation in the mesogastric region, without other clinical changes was seen. During exploratory celiotomy, it was identified that the intestinal neoformation in jejunum, opting for enterectomy, being identified as leiomyosarcoma according to histopathological analysis. Adjuvant chemotherapy was instituted using doxorubicin (30mg / m²) every 21 days, totaling six sessions. The patient underwent a new clinical staging, 10 months after enterectomy, where were visualized, by abdominal ultrasound, neoformations in the liver. Based on ultrasound guided liver biopsy with “tru-cut” needle and histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the neoformation was defined as GIST liver metastasis, being instituted treatment with toceranib phosphate (Palladia®). From the time of enterectomy to the death of the patient, 20,4 months of overall survival were counted.

Metástase hepática de tumor gastrointestinal estromal (gist) em cão: relato de caso / Hepatic metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gist) in dog: case report

Os tumores mesenquimais originados a partir de células intersticiais de Cajal, denominados tumores gastrointestinais estromais (GIST) são raros em humanos e com incidência ainda desconhecida em cães. A diferenciação de GIST, leiomiossarcoma e leiomioma com base apenas em exames de imagem, morfológicos e colorações simples por meio da histologia é muitas vezes difícil, sendo indicada realização de imuno-histoquímica. Foi atendida uma cadela, sem padrão racial definido, oito anos, 17kg de peso corporal, com discreto aumento de volume abdominal, sendo evidenciada por ultrassom abdominal neoformação intra-abdominal em região mesogástrica, sem demais alterações clínicas. Durante celiotomia exploratória, identificou-se que a neoformação intestinal localizava-se em jejuno, optando pela realização de enterectomia, sendo posteriormente diagnosticada como leiomiossarcoma pela análise histopatológica. Preconizou-se a instituição de quimioterapia adjuvante com o uso de doxorrubicina (30 mg/m²), a cada 21 dias, totalizando seis sessões. Após dez meses do tratamento cirúrgico, a paciente foi submetida a novo estadiamento clínico, sendo visibilizado, mediante ultrassom abdominal neoformações sólidas em fígado. A partir de biópsia hepática guiada por ultrassom com agulha “tru-cut” e análise histológica e imuno-histoquímica, definiu-se que as neoformações hepáticas eram metástases de GIST, instituindo o tratamento com fosfato de toceranib (Palladia®). Desde o momento da enterectomia ao óbito da paciente, contabilizou-se 20,4 meses de sobrevida global.(AU)

Mesenchymal tumors originating from interstitial cells of Cajal, called stromal gastrointestinal tumors (GIST) are rare in humans and their incidence is still unknown in dogs. The differentiation of GIST, leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma based only on imaging, morphological and simple staining through histology is often difficult, and immunohistochemistry is indicated. A female dog, mixed breed, eight years old, 17kg of body weight, with a slight increase in abdominal volume, and ultrasound evidence of an intra-abdominal neoformation in the mesogastric region, without other clinical changes was seen. During exploratory celiotomy, it was identified that the intestinal neoformation in jejunum, opting for enterectomy, being identified as leiomyosarcoma according to histopathological analysis. Adjuvant chemotherapy was instituted using doxorubicin (30mg / m²) every 21 days, totaling six sessions. The patient underwent a new clinical staging, 10 months after enterectomy, where were visualized, by abdominal ultrasound, neoformations in the liver. Based on ultrasound guided liver biopsy with “tru-cut” needle and histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the neoformation was defined as GIST liver metastasis, being instituted treatment with toceranib phosphate (Palladia®). From the time of enterectomy to the death of the patient, 20,4 months of overall survival were counted.(AU)

Neoplasms in domestic hamsters in Southern Brazil: epidemiological and pathological aspects of 40 cases1 / Neoplasias em hamsters domésticos no Sul do Brasil: aspectos epidemiológicos e patológicos de 40 casos

Although neoplasms are commonly reported in domestic hamsters, retrospective studies approaching spontaneous tumors with data regarding epidemiological findings are scarce. The present study aimed to describe the epidemiological and pathological findings of 40 cases of tumors in domestic hamsters diagnosed in a veterinary pathology laboratory in Southern Brazil from 2002 to 2019. Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) was the most commonly affected species (16/40), followed by Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus, 11/40) and Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus, 4/40). Among the cases, 57.5% were females (23/40), while 42.5% were males (17/40). The affected hamsters' median age was of 14-months old, with an age range of 8- to 36-months old. Twenty-four cases were assessed as anatomopathological samples (biopsies), while 16 were composed of carcasses submitted to postmortem examination, and, therefore, the neoplasm was related to the cause of death. The integumentary system was frequently affected (60%, 24/40), followed by the female reproductive tract (22.5%, 9/40), hematopoietic system (10%, 4/40), digestive tract (5%, 2/40), and endocrine system (2.5%, 1/40). The most frequent neoplasm was squamous cell carcinoma (35%, 14/40), mostly on the lip/nasal region (50%, 7/14). Other tumors included fibrosarcoma (10%, 4/40), lymphoma (10%, 4/40), mammary cystadenoma (10%, 4/40), apocrine sweat gland adenoma (7.5%, 3/40), hemangiosarcoma (5%, 2/40), leiomyosarcoma (5%, 2/40), and granulosa ovarian cell tumor (5%, 2/40). The five remaining cases occurred individually and were composed of hepatoid gland adenoma, solid thyroid carcinoma, cutaneous melanoma, ovarian teratoma, and cutaneous trichoblastoma. Neoplasms were identified as an important cause of death and major reason to perform biopsy in domestic hamsters in Southern Brazil.(AU)

Embora neoplasmas em hamsters domésticos sejam comumente relatados, estudos retrospectivos abordando neoplasias espontâneas e os dados epidemiológicos associados são escassos. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de descrever os principais achados epidemiológicos e patológicos de 40 casos de tumores em hamsters domésticos diagnosticados em um laboratório de patologia veterinária do Sul do Brasil de 2002 a 2019. A principal espécie acometida foi o hamster chinês (Cricetulus griseus, 16/40), seguido por hamster anão russo siberiano (Phodopus sungorus, 11/40) e hamster sírio (Mesocricetus auratus, 4/40). As fêmeas corresponderam a 57,5% dos casos (23/40), enquanto os machos representaram 42,5% (17/40). Foram afetados roedores com uma faixa etária de 8 a 36 meses de idade, e uma mediana de 14 meses. Do total de casos, 24 foram exames anatomopatológicos (biopsias) e 16 casos foram examinados através de necropsia e, portanto, relacionados com a causa da morte dos animais. O sistema tegumentar foi o mais frequentemente acometido (60%; 24/40), seguido pelo trato reprodutivo (22,5%; 9/40), sistema hematopoietico (10%; 4/40), trato digestório (5%; 2/40) e sistema endócrino (2,5%; 1/40). A neoplasia mais frequentemente diagnosticada foi o carcinoma de células escamosas (35%; 14/40), localizado principalmente em região labionasal (50%; 7/14). Outros tumores incluíram fibrossarcoma (10%; 4/40), linfoma (10%; 4/40), adenoma cístico de glândula mamária (10%; 4/40), adenoma de glândula sudorípara (7,5%; 3/40), hemangiossarcoma (5%; 2/40), leiomiossarcoma (5%; 2/40) e tumor de células da granulosa (5%; 2/40). Os outros cinco casos remanescentes ocorreram individualmente e eram compostos por adenoma de glândula hepatoide, carcinoma sólido de tireoide, melanoma cutâneo, teratoma ovariano e tricoblastoma cutâneo. Neoplasmas foram identificados como importantes causas de morte ou razões para realização de biopsia em hamsters domésticos no Sul do Brasil.(AU)

Neoplasms in domestic hamsters in Southern Brazil: epidemiological and pathological aspects of 40 cases1 / Neoplasias em hamsters domésticos no Sul do Brasil: aspectos epidemiológicos e patológicos de 40 casos

Although neoplasms are commonly reported in domestic hamsters, retrospective studies approaching spontaneous tumors with data regarding epidemiological findings are scarce. The present study aimed to describe the epidemiological and pathological findings of 40 cases of tumors in domestic hamsters diagnosed in a veterinary pathology laboratory in Southern Brazil from 2002 to 2019. Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) was the most commonly affected species (16/40), followed by Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus, 11/40) and Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus, 4/40). Among the cases, 57.5% were females (23/40), while 42.5% were males (17/40). The affected hamsters' median age was of 14-months old, with an age range of 8- to 36-months old. Twenty-four cases were assessed as anatomopathological samples (biopsies), while 16 were composed of carcasses submitted to postmortem examination, and, therefore, the neoplasm was related to the cause of death. The integumentary system was frequently affected (60%, 24/40), followed by the female reproductive tract (22.5%, 9/40), hematopoietic system (10%, 4/40), digestive tract (5%, 2/40), and endocrine system (2.5%, 1/40). The most frequent neoplasm was squamous cell carcinoma (35%, 14/40), mostly on the lip/nasal region (50%, 7/14). Other tumors included fibrosarcoma (10%, 4/40), lymphoma (10%, 4/40), mammary cystadenoma (10%, 4/40), apocrine sweat gland adenoma (7.5%, 3/40), hemangiosarcoma (5%, 2/40), leiomyosarcoma (5%, 2/40), and granulosa ovarian cell tumor (5%, 2/40). The five remaining cases occurred individually and were composed of hepatoid gland adenoma, solid thyroid carcinoma, cutaneous melanoma, ovarian teratoma, and cutaneous trichoblastoma. Neoplasms were identified as an important cause of death and major reason to perform biopsy in domestic hamsters in Southern Brazil.(AU)

Embora neoplasmas em hamsters domésticos sejam comumente relatados, estudos retrospectivos abordando neoplasias espontâneas e os dados epidemiológicos associados são escassos. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de descrever os principais achados epidemiológicos e patológicos de 40 casos de tumores em hamsters domésticos diagnosticados em um laboratório de patologia veterinária do Sul do Brasil de 2002 a 2019. A principal espécie acometida foi o hamster chinês (Cricetulus griseus, 16/40), seguido por hamster anão russo siberiano (Phodopus sungorus, 11/40) e hamster sírio (Mesocricetus auratus, 4/40). As fêmeas corresponderam a 57,5% dos casos (23/40), enquanto os machos representaram 42,5% (17/40). Foram afetados roedores com uma faixa etária de 8 a 36 meses de idade, e uma mediana de 14 meses. Do total de casos, 24 foram exames anatomopatológicos (biopsias) e 16 casos foram examinados através de necropsia e, portanto, relacionados com a causa da morte dos animais. O sistema tegumentar foi o mais frequentemente acometido (60%; 24/40), seguido pelo trato reprodutivo (22,5%; 9/40), sistema hematopoietico (10%; 4/40), trato digestório (5%; 2/40) e sistema endócrino (2,5%; 1/40). A neoplasia mais frequentemente diagnosticada foi o carcinoma de células escamosas (35%; 14/40), localizado principalmente em região labionasal (50%; 7/14). Outros tumores incluíram fibrossarcoma (10%; 4/40), linfoma (10%; 4/40), adenoma cístico de glândula mamária (10%; 4/40), adenoma de glândula sudorípara (7,5%; 3/40), hemangiossarcoma (5%; 2/40), leiomiossarcoma (5%; 2/40) e tumor de células da granulosa (5%; 2/40). Os outros cinco casos remanescentes ocorreram individualmente e eram compostos por adenoma de glândula hepatoide, carcinoma sólido de tireoide, melanoma cutâneo, teratoma ovariano e tricoblastoma cutâneo. Neoplasmas foram identificados como importantes causas de morte ou razões para realização de biopsia em hamsters domésticos no Sul do Brasil.(AU)

Leiomyosarcoma in a cockatiel / Leiomiossarcoma em calopsita

Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) are exotic birds thatoriginated from Australia.Because of their beauty and learning ability, they are one of the most popular pet birds among the Psittaciformes. The objective of this study was to report a case of leiomyosarcoma on the humeral musculature of the left wing of a cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus). The animal was admitted to the Wildlife Rehabilitation Center (NURFS-CETAS) of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas withswelling in the humeral region of the left wing. During surgery, the animal died and was transferred to the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária (LRD-UFPel). During histopathological evaluation (hematoxylin and eosin routine technique) of the tumor, spindle neoplastic cells were observed, arranged in interlaced bundles amongst degenerate and normal muscle fibers. Using immunohistochemistry, neoplastic cells were positively immunostained for vimentin and alpha smooth muscle actin. Based on of clinical-pathological and immunohistochemical findings, leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed.(AU)

As calopsitas (Nymphicus hollandicus) são aves exóticas originárias da Austrália. Devido a beleza e capacidade de aprendizado são uma das principais aves utilizadas como animal de companhia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de leiomiossarcoma, na musculatura umeral da asa esquerda de uma calopsita. O animal deu entrada no Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre (NURFS-CETAS) da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), por apresentar aumento de volume na região umeral da asa esquerda. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico o animal veio a óbito, sendo encaminhado ao Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária (LRD-UFPel). Na avaliação histopatológica (Técnica de rotina Hematoxilina e Eosina) da massa tumoral foram observadas células neoplásicas fusiformes, arranjadas em feixes entrelaçados, em meio a fibras musculares degeneradas e normais. Na imunohistoquímica verificou-se imunomarcação positiva das células neoplásicas para vimentina e alfa actina, de músculo liso. Diante dos achados clínico-patológicos e imunohistoquímicos determinou-se o diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma. O diagnóstico definitivo deste neoplasma requer analise imunohistoquímica.(AU)

Complexo hiperplasia endometrial cística canino associado á leiomiossarcoma: relato de caso

Dentre as alterações proliferativas não neoplásicas do útero, o complexo hiperplasia endometrial cística - piometra é a alteração mais comum. O leiomiossarcoma é uma neoplasia maligna de musculatura lisa e origem mesenquimal que provoca áreas de necrose, sendo mais comum em cadelas. O presente trabalho relata o caso de uma paciente canina de 12 anos com hiperplasia endometrial cística assintomática, e leiomiossarcoma uterino, descobertos a partir de uma ovariohisterectomia eletiva e avaliação histopatológica.

Complexo hiperplasia endometrial cística canino associado á leiomiossarcoma: relato de caso

Dentre as alterações proliferativas não neoplásicas do útero, o complexo hiperplasia endometrial cística - piometra é a alteração mais comum. O leiomiossarcoma é uma neoplasia maligna de musculatura lisa e origem mesenquimal que provoca áreas de necrose, sendo mais comum em cadelas. O presente trabalho relata o caso de uma paciente canina de 12 anos com hiperplasia endometrial cística assintomática, e leiomiossarcoma uterino, descobertos a partir de uma ovariohisterectomia eletiva e avaliação histopatológica.(AU)

Trombo tumoral na artéria mesentérica cranial secundária ao leiomiossarcoma intestinal / Tumoral thrombus in cranial mesenteric artery secondary to intestinal leiomyosarcoma

Background: Leiomyosarcoma is a non-encapsulated tumor, belonging to the group of soft tissue sarcomas and often invasive. This histological type comprises the most aggressive solid tumors and, because they respond poorly to therapy, are considered the worst prognosis. The dissemination of metastatic cells can occur mainly hematologically to the liver, lungs and bones or by direct invasion, but metastases to blood vessels are rare and surgery is the treatment of choice in most cases. This paper aims to report a rare case of tumor thrombus in the cranial mesenteric artery secondary to an intestinal leiomyosarcoma.Case: A 9-year-old female S.R.D dog presenting inappetence, evolving to anorexia, weight loss, anemia and vomiting for approximately 15 days was referred to the Hospital of Veterinary Clinics of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Previous therapy at another clinic with three blood transfusions did not promote reversal of anemia. Ultrasonography revealed a nodule in the small intestine of seven cm in diameter and in the hemogram a hypochromic macrocytic anemia. Thoracic radiography did not reveal metastases. After a new blood transfusion, the patient was referred to an exploratory laparotomy, where the nodule was identified in the small intestine, which was cyanotic and two nodules in the cranial mesenteric artery, partially obstructing the local blood flow. Resection and intestinal anastomosis were performed from the final portion of the duodenum to the cecum, with ligation of the mesenteric artery and the nodules were sent for histopathological analysis. The animal presented a gradual improvement of the condition, with the introduction of liquid feeding on the second postoperative day. After these days, he presented hypochromic macrocytic anemia, with presence of Howell-Jolly corpuscle, spherocytes and icteric plasma, compatible with hemolytic anemia. Treatment with prednisone was started, with a worsening of the condition.[...]

Trombo tumoral na artéria mesentérica cranial secundária ao leiomiossarcoma intestinal / Tumoral thrombus in cranial mesenteric artery secondary to intestinal leiomyosarcoma

Background: Leiomyosarcoma is a non-encapsulated tumor, belonging to the group of soft tissue sarcomas and often invasive. This histological type comprises the most aggressive solid tumors and, because they respond poorly to therapy, are considered the worst prognosis. The dissemination of metastatic cells can occur mainly hematologically to the liver, lungs and bones or by direct invasion, but metastases to blood vessels are rare and surgery is the treatment of choice in most cases. This paper aims to report a rare case of tumor thrombus in the cranial mesenteric artery secondary to an intestinal leiomyosarcoma.Case: A 9-year-old female S.R.D dog presenting inappetence, evolving to anorexia, weight loss, anemia and vomiting for approximately 15 days was referred to the Hospital of Veterinary Clinics of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Previous therapy at another clinic with three blood transfusions did not promote reversal of anemia. Ultrasonography revealed a nodule in the small intestine of seven cm in diameter and in the hemogram a hypochromic macrocytic anemia. Thoracic radiography did not reveal metastases. After a new blood transfusion, the patient was referred to an exploratory laparotomy, where the nodule was identified in the small intestine, which was cyanotic and two nodules in the cranial mesenteric artery, partially obstructing the local blood flow. Resection and intestinal anastomosis were performed from the final portion of the duodenum to the cecum, with ligation of the mesenteric artery and the nodules were sent for histopathological analysis. The animal presented a gradual improvement of the condition, with the introduction of liquid feeding on the second postoperative day. After these days, he presented hypochromic macrocytic anemia, with presence of Howell-Jolly corpuscle, spherocytes and icteric plasma, compatible with hemolytic anemia. Treatment with prednisone was started, with a worsening of the condition.[...](AU)

Leiomiossarcoma gástrico associado a hérnia de hiato em cão da raça Shar-pei: relato de caso / Gastric leiomyosarcoma associated with hiatal hernia in a Shar-pei: a case report

Os tumores do sistema digestório não são comuns na medicina veterinária e as neoplasias de estômago representam menos de 1% de todos os tumores malignos. O leiomiossarcoma é o segundo tumor que mais acomete o trato gastrointestinal de cães, com predisposição para as regiões de jejuno e ceco, mas qualquer porção pode ser afetada, desde o esôfago até o reto. O presente trabalho relata um caso em um canino da raça Shar-pei, macho, com 13 anos de idade e histórico de episódios eméticos pós- prandiais e emagrecimento progressivo havia oito meses. Após avaliação radiográfica e endoscópica, foi indicada intervenção cirúrgica e observada tumoração gástrica associada a hérnia de hiato. O diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma gástrico foi estabelecido por meio de análise histopatológica. O paciente apresentou pouco tempo de sobrevida, entretanto destaca-se a raridade desse tipo de neoplasia gástrica e da associação desse tipo tumoral com hérnias de hiato, assim como a importância da análise histopatológica para o correto diagnóstico desse tipo de patologia.(AU)

Gastrointestinal system tumors are not common in Veterinary Medicine and stomach neoplasia represents less than 1% of all malignant tumors. Among digestive neoplasias, the leiomyosarcoma is the second most common with predisposition to the regions of the jejunum and cecum, but any portion from the esophagus to rectum can be potentially affected. This is a case report of a 13-year-old male Shar-pei dog with medical history of post prandial emetic episodes and progressive weight loss lasting eight months. Surgical intervention was indicated after radiographs and endoscopic evaluation, where a gastric mass and hiatal hernia were found. The diagnosis of gastric leiomyosarcoma was established only after histopathological analysis. Despite the patient having little survival time, this clinical presentation of a gastric tumor associated with hiatal hernia is rare, and exalts the importance of histopathological studies as a tool for the correct diagnosis in these unusual diseases.(AU)

Leiomiossarcoma gástrico associado a hérnia de hiato em cão da raça Shar-pei: relato de caso / Gastric leiomyosarcoma associated with hiatal hernia in a Shar-pei: a case report

Os tumores do sistema digestório não são comuns na medicina veterinária e as neoplasias de estômago representam menos de 1% de todos os tumores malignos. O leiomiossarcoma é o segundo tumor que mais acomete o trato gastrointestinal de cães, com predisposição para as regiões de jejuno e ceco, mas qualquer porção pode ser afetada, desde o esôfago até o reto. O presente trabalho relata um caso em um canino da raça Shar-pei, macho, com 13 anos de idade e histórico de episódios eméticos pós- prandiais e emagrecimento progressivo havia oito meses. Após avaliação radiográfica e endoscópica, foi indicada intervenção cirúrgica e observada tumoração gástrica associada a hérnia de hiato. O diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma gástrico foi estabelecido por meio de análise histopatológica. O paciente apresentou pouco tempo de sobrevida, entretanto destaca-se a raridade desse tipo de neoplasia gástrica e da associação desse tipo tumoral com hérnias de hiato, assim como a importância da análise histopatológica para o correto diagnóstico desse tipo de patologia.(AU)

Gastrointestinal system tumors are not common in Veterinary Medicine and stomach neoplasia represents less than 1% of all malignant tumors. Among digestive neoplasias, the leiomyosarcoma is the second most common with predisposition to the regions of the jejunum and cecum, but any portion from the esophagus to rectum can be potentially affected. This is a case report of a 13-year-old male Shar-pei dog with medical history of post prandial emetic episodes and progressive weight loss lasting eight months. Surgical intervention was indicated after radiographs and endoscopic evaluation, where a gastric mass and hiatal hernia were found. The diagnosis of gastric leiomyosarcoma was established only after histopathological analysis. Despite the patient having little survival time, this clinical presentation of a gastric tumor associated with hiatal hernia is rare, and exalts the importance of histopathological studies as a tool for the correct diagnosis in these unusual diseases.(AU)

Leiomyosarcoma of the skin and subcutaneous tissue in a nellore cow

Background: Leyomiosarcomas are uncommon malignant smooth muscle tumors of hollow organs. Bovine leyomiosarcomas have been described in several sites, but smooth muscle tumors that arise from the skin are rare in domestic animals. These neoplasms may show variable histologic features depending on their grade of differentiation; therefore, diagnostic tools as special stain, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry are essential for the definitive diagnosis. Due to the lack of reports of skin leyomiosarcomas in cattle, we described the occurrence of a leyomiosarcoma in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of a Nellore cow. Case: A 10-year-old Zebu Nellore cow was admitted at the Veterinary Diagnosis Center (CEDIVET) of Pará Federal University (UFPA), Brazil, to investigate a tumor on the hip. At clinical examination the cow showed a decreased appetite and weight loss. Due to the bad prognosis the veterinarian recommended euthanasia. Representative tissue samples were submitted for histopathological and immunohistochemistry evaluation at the Department of Pathology of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). The slides were stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Masson’s trichrome and Van Gieson stains and submitted for immunohistochemistry with primary antibodies vimentin, troponin C, smooth muscle alpha actin and desmin. Grossly, the tumor appeared as a multilobular, ulcerated and firm 30 cm diameter mass with black and hemorrhagic areas on the surface. The mass was scattered throughout the subcutaneous tissue and infiltrated the adjacent muscle. On light microscopy, the neoplasm consisted of a non-encapsulated proliferation into the derma, composed of highly pleomorphic spindle to round cells arranged in broad interlacing fascicles and small islands. Metastatic lesions were found in the lungs and local lymph nodes. Masson’s trichrome stain revealed collagen production and Van Gieson stains was inconsistent...