Percepções sobre o autismo sob a ótica das mães / Perception about autism under the optics of mothers

Introdução: O transtorno do espectro autista é classificado como um distúrbio agressivo do desenvolvimento. Este compromete todo o desenvolvimento neurológico, e se caracteriza pelo desequilíbrio comportamental exposto pela inaptidão na inclusão social. Objetivo: Analisar as percepções e experiências emocionais de mães com filhos diagnosticados com transtornos do espectro autista. Metodologia: Estudo de caráter qualitativo, que teve como público alvo mães de filhos com diagnóstico de transtorno do espectro autista, participantes das APAEs. Foi realizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada gravada por gravador digital, e posteriormente transcrita. Resultados: Notoriamente as mães possuem dificuldades para compreender e se adaptar a realidade do filho diagnosticado de autismo. Criam expectativas e perspectivas quanto ao futuro dos filhos almejando que estes desenvolvam prioritariamente a independência. Considerações Finais: Obtivemos a possibilidade de compreender melhor as expectativas e as dificuldades das mães das crianças com diagnóstico de TEA. Foi encontrado idade média para o diagnóstico de espectro autista do filho entre 3 anos e 4 meses. A descoberta do diagnóstico do TEA causou importantes sentimentos prejudiciais e de não aceitação à essas mães. Surgem sentimentos negativos, afetando assim a saúde mental dessas mães e familiares

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder is classified as an aggressive developmental disorder. This compromises the entire neurological development and is characterized by the behavioral imbalance exposed by the inaptitude in social inclusion. Objective: To analyze the perceptions and emotional experiences of mothers with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Methodology: This was a qualitative study that had the target audience of mothers of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, who participated in APAEs. A semi-structured interview was recorded by digital recorder, and later transcribed. Results: Notoriously, mothers have difficulties in understanding and adapting the reality of a child diagnosed with autism. They create expectations and perspectives on the future of children, aiming for them to develop independence first. Final Considerations: We obtained the possibility to better understand the expectations and difficulties of the mothers of children diagnosed with ASD. We found a mean age for the diagnosis of autistic spectrum of the child between 3 years and 4 months. The discovery of the diagnosis of ASD has caused important feelings of detriment and non -acceptance to these mothers. Negative feelings arise, thus affecting the mental health of these mothers and their families

Implications of the bidding processes in the psychodynamics of work: a case study

Introduction: When purchasing supplies and equipment for the use of workers of a Meal Producing Unit (MPU), the purchasing of products that interfere with the psychodynamics of work may occur as part of the bidding process, possibly causing workers to suffer. Aim: To analyze the relationship between the labor needs of workers of an MPU and the supplies and equipment acquired in a bidding, which affect the psychodynamics of work, in order to minimize the possible suffering of workers. Method: A case study qualitative approach was used in this research that will be undertaken in Rio de Janeiro in 2013. The subjects of this study were the workers of an MPU of a university restaurant in Niterói, RJ, Brazil, who meet the inclusion criteria. Data collection: This will involve non-participative direct observation, individual structured interviews and photographic records. Alceste software will be used for the textual analysis, as well as Bardin's content analysis. The data will be compared to the Dejours' benchmark...

Beneficio de la terapia grupal en la rehabilitación de mujeres mastectomizadas / Benefit of group therapy in the rehabilitation of mastectomatized women

Introducción: El significado que tienen los senos para la mujer tanto en el aspecto físico como en el elemental y ante la pérdida de uno o ambos senos se presentara estados de ansiedad, angustia y miedo. Las acciones terapéuticas grupales pueden ofrecer una alternativa de apoyo y beneficio. Objetivo: Analizar los resultados de las actividades grupales con mujeres mastectomizadas. Material y métodos: estudio realizado en la Universidad Fortaleza Ceara, con mujeres integrantes del grupo Grupo de Enseñanza, Pesquisa Auto-Ayuda y Asistencia a la Mujer Mastectomizada (GEPAM). Los datos fueron colectados en un grupo de mujeres de diferentes edades organizados de acuerdo al método de análisis de contenido y agrupados en categorías. Resultados: Los sentimientos presentados en las mujeres fueron el miedo, la rabia, el rechazo y la culpa. Los beneficios de la actividad de grupo apuntados por las mujeres fueron relacionados con cambios en la apariencia física, en los cuidados personales, en actitudes frente a situaciones estresantes; aumento de la independencia funcional, mejoría de la calidad de vida. Los factores más influyentes fueron la socialización y la comunicación desarrollada por el grupo. Discusión: Acontecieron cambios significativos en la vida de las mujeres con relación a auto-imagen y auto-estima.

The present study aimed at to analyze the benefits of activities group with mastectomized women. This work took place in the Department of Nursing of UFC, with integral women of the group GEPAM (Group of Teaching, Research, Self Help, and Attendance to the Women Mastectomized). The collection of data was accomplished in the period of July to October of 2000. The sample consisted, on average, from 10 to 17 participant women, of the group and it didn't take in to account the race, sex, civil status and age group and only, the fact of they be integral of the group. The data were organized in agreement with the analysis of content of the speeches contained in a category. We noticed that the feelings commonly presented by these women they involved the fear, the rage, the rejection and the blame. They were pointed as benefits of an activity therapeutic group the changes in the physical appearance and personal cares, changes of attitudes front to streeful situations, increase of the functional independence, it gets better of the life quality. The factors that had an influence were the socialization and the communication among the group. Before the discoveries, we understood that happened significant changes in the women's life.