El medio ambiente y defensa civil : Derrame de petróleo-Conchán / Environment and civil defense : Oil-spill-Conchán

La producción ambiental no debe limitarse a la restauración de daños existentes ni a la defensa contra peligros inminentes sino a la eliminación de posibles daños ambientales. Destaca este documento la responsabilidad de defensa civil en su representación institucional, el Instituto de Defensa Civil como organismo cuya obligación es hacer cumplir el Código de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales. Se explica ampliamente el derrame de petróleo ocurrido en Playa Conchán cuando se vertieron accidentalmente al mar 430 barriles de petróleo ocasionando que se formara una marea negra de aproximadamente 12 km de extensión entre las playas Conchán y la Chira. Indica las medidas tomadas para evitar la dispersión del hidrocarburo (barrera de contensión) y describe el daño ecológico. En el cuadro 1 muestra la evaluación causa-efecto y en el cuadro 2 una matriz de calificación de impacto ambiental

Crude oil transmission study : An assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts resulting from oil spillage and disruption caused by a major earthquake in the New Madrid seismic zone

In 1989, the National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research launched a multi-year, multi-disciplinary study of the seismic vulnerability of an important lifeline system. The production and delivery of crude oil is critical to every major industry and business sector in the United States. This nation's most crucial crude oil system traverses the midwest and is subject to seismic hazards posed by the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ). To understand fully the significance of this system, particularly after major disasters such as earthquakes, it is necessary to quantify the level of seismic vulnerability of this system and the impact that many result should oil be released or disrupted. To address these questions, NCEER formed a multi-disciplinary team representing researchers in seismic hazard assessment, component vulnerability analysis, system reliability analysis, and socioeconomic impact analysis.(AU)

Effects of hydrocarbon spills from an oil pipeline break on ground water

The study was undertaken to determine the effect of an oil spill. which might be caused by a seismic event rupturing a crude oil line which crosses the recharge area of the Memphis Sands Aquifer. To do this, two numerical models were used to simulated a potential rupture to the 40 inch crude oil pipeline located in Wolf River fluvial valley susceptible to liquefaction. The spilled crude oil could have detrimental effects on the ground water quality, especially impacting Memphis Sands Aquifer.(AU)

Spread of oil from the Tenyo Maru, off the southwest coast of Vancouver Island

We provide background oceanography and observations and hindcast simulations of spreading oil leaked from the wreck of the Tenyo Maru, a fishing vessel that sank off the western entrance to Juan de Fuca Strait in July 1991. The vessel sank in the region of the Tully Eddy on the continental shelf. Although this eddy is normally present in summer, its location shifts and its 'trapping time'varies considerably. Observations in 1985 showed that the preferred exit route of surface water from the eddy was toward the southeast, the direction followed by the Tenyo Maru oil in 1991; however other drift paths are possible, and under different weather conditions the oil could have drifted toward the Vancouver Island coast (AU)

La creación del sector hidro - climatológico

Se presenta a continuación una propuesta básica, cuyo propósito es servir de reflexión primaria, para luego incorporarse a la mesa de discusiones del congreso. Se pretende la creación del sector propuesto, el cual necesariamente debe contar con la anuencia de la Comisión Nacional de Emergencia y con el valioso aporte de los asistentes (AU)