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1.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 75(11/12): 122-126, nov.-dic. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-170222

RESUMO

El enfermo oncológico es un paciente con alto riesgo de desnutrición. En este tipo de pacientes es prioritario el diseño de un soporte nutricional personalizado y precoz para conseguir una mejor tolerancia al tratamiento, una buena evolución en su enfermedad de base y una mejora de su calidad de vida. La nutrición parenteral queda reservada para cortos periodos en los que surgen complicaciones importantes durante la quimioterapia y la radioterapia (mucositis, enteritis...), pero es esencial en el trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos, así como en su complicación más importante, la enfermedad de injerto contra huésped, en que puede prolongarse durante largos periodos de tiempo. Es fundamental el conocimiento de las alteraciones metabólicas que tienen lugar, así como las variaciones en el gasto energético en reposo y la composición corporal para ajustar los aportes de forma segura y eficaz, minimizando las complicaciones (AU)


The oncological patient is at high risk of malnutrition. Early and personalized nutritional support is essential to improve tolerance to chemotherapy and achieve a better outcome and quality of life. Parenteral nutrition is usually reserved for short periods with major complications during chemotherapy and radiotherapy (mucositis, enteritis...) but it becomes essential in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as well as in graftversushost disease. The knowledge of the metabolic alterations is essential, as well as the variations in resting energy expenditure and body composition to adjust the requierements in a safe and effective way, minimizing complications (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos , Neoplasias/dietoterapia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Neoplasias/complicações , Células Precursoras Eritroides/transplante , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/dietoterapia , Desnutrição/dietoterapia , Apoio Nutricional/métodos
2.
J. physiol. biochem ; 68(4): 593-601, dic. 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-122307

RESUMO

The blood O(2)-carrying capacity is maintained by the O(2)-regulated production of erythropoietin (Epo), which stimulates the proliferation and survival of red blood cell progenitors. Epo has been thought to act exclusively on erythroid progenitor cells. However, recent studies have identified the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) in other cells, such as neurons, astrocytes, microglia, heart, cancer cell lines, and skeletal muscle provides evidence for a potential role of Epo in other tissues. In this study we aimed to determine the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) on skeletal muscle adaptations such as mitochondrial biogenesis, myogenesis, and angiogenesis in different muscle fibre types. Fourteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups, and saline or rHuEpo (300 IU) was administered subcutaneously three times a week for 3 weeks. We evaluated the protein expression of intermediates involved in the mitochondrial biogenesis cascade, the myogenic cascade, and in angiogenesis in the oxidative soleus muscle and in the glycolytic gastrocnemius muscle. Contrary to our expectations, rHuEpo significantly hampered the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway in gastrocnemius muscle (PGC-1Alpha, mTFA and cytochrome c). We did not find any effect of the treatment on cellular signals of myogenesis (MyoD and Myf5) or angiogenesis (VEGF) in either soleus or gastrocnemius muscles. Finally, we found no significant effect on the maximal aerobic velocity at the end of the experiment in the rHuEpo-treated animals. Our findings suggest that 3 weeks of rHuEpo treatment, which generates an increase of oxygen carrying capacity, can affect mitochondrial biogenesis in a muscle fibre-specific dependent manner


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Eritropoetina/farmacocinética , Células Precursoras Eritroides , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas , Mitocôndrias , Desenvolvimento Muscular/fisiologia , Neovascularização Fisiológica
3.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 99(4): 297-300, mayo 2008. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-63048

RESUMO

La hematopoyesis extramedular cutánea es una manifestación infrecuente de los procesos mieloproliferativos crónicos, principalmente de la mielofibrosis crónica idiopática. En el adulto se manifiesta como máculas, pápulas, nódulos y úlceras en el tronco. La aparición suele darse poco después del diagnóstico y todavía es una cuestión debatida la posible relación entre la esplenectomía y la aparición de los focos de hematopoyesis extramedular. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante estudio histopatológico y la visualización de un infiltrado compuesto por diferentes combinaciones de precursores mieloides, eritroides y células megacariocíticas. El tratamiento es sintomático y el propio de la enfermedad de base. Aportamos un nuevo caso asociado a mielofibrosis crónica idiopática que a los 9 años del diagnóstico presentó focos de hematopoyesis extramedular cutánea. Dichas lesiones siguieron un curso progresivo, desarrollando posteriormente una leucemia mieloide aguda (AU)


Cutaneous extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare manifestation of chronic myeloproliferative processes, mainly chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis. In adults, it manifests as macules, papules, nodules, and ulcers on the trunk. The lesions usually appear soon after diagnosis and the possibility of a relationship between splenectomy and the appearance of extramedullary foci of hematopoiesis is still debated. Diagnosis is based on histopathology showing an infiltrate with different combinations of myeloid and erythroid cell precursors and megakaryocytes. Symptomatic treatment is provided alongside treatment of the underlying disease. We report a new case associated with chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis in which foci of cutaneous extramedullary hematopoiesis were observed 9 years after initial diagnosis. The lesions were progressive and the patient went on to develop acute myeloid leukemia (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hematopoese Extramedular , Mielofibrose Primária/complicações , Leucemia Mieloide/patologia , Células Precursoras Eritroides/patologia , Megacariócitos/patologia , Células Progenitoras Mieloides/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial
4.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 127(16): 601-604, oct. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049706

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivo: La mutación V617F en el gen de la tirosincinasa JAK2 está implicada en la génesis de algunos síndromes mieloproliferativos crónicos (SMP) como la policitemia vera (PV), la trombocitemia esencial (TE) y la mielofibrosis (MF) idiopática. Se ha valorado el papel diagnóstico de esta mutación en los SMP y se ha comparado con la formación espontánea de colonias eritroides (BFU-E-ESP). Pacientes y método: Se incluyó a 146 pacientes, de los que 81 presentaban SMP (27 PV, 28 TE, 11 MF y 15 leucemia mieloide crónica), 28 con eritrocitosis secundaria o trombocitosis reactiva, 8 SMP/síndromes mielodisplásicos y 29 con otras hemopatías. En 54 casos se valoró también la BFU-E-ESP. La fuente de las células hemopoyéticas para obtener ADN fue la sangre periférica en 122 pacientes, la médula ósea en 33, las unidades formadoras de colonias eritroides con estimulación con eritropoyetina en 14 y las BFU-E-ESP en 24. La mutación V617F se efectuó usando una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa específica de alelo. Resultados: El 96% de las PV, el 59% de las TE y el 63,6% de las MF presentaron dicha mutación. La concordancia diagnóstica entre BFU-E-ESP y la mutación fue excelente (índice kappa = 0,93; acuerdo en lo positivo del 97% y acuerdo en lo negativo del 95%). Se pudo valorar la mutación en 119 de los 122 pacientes en que se usó sangre periférica, en los 33 en que se usó médula ósea y en la mitad de aquellos en que se utilizaron las colonias eritroides como fuentes de ADN. Conclusiones: La mutación V617F del gen JAK2 está presente en casi todas las PV y en la mitad de las TE y de las MF. Hay una excelente concordancia entre la presencia de esta mutación y BFU-E-ESP. Finalmente, se puede usar diferentes fuentes celulares en la obtención de ADN para el estudio de esta mutación


Background and objective: Polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocytemia (ET) are chronic myeloproliferative diseases (MPD) characterized by overactive hemopoiesis. A single point mutation of JAK2 (Val617Phe) has been detected in PV, ET and myelofibrosis (MF). The aim of this work was to investigate the JAK2 mutation in patients with MPD and to compare the results to those of the endogenous formation of BFU-E erythroid colonies (EEC). Finally, different sources of hematopoietic cells to obtain DNA were evaluated. Patients and method: In this work 146 patents were studied (81 MPD: 27 PV, 28 ET, 11 MF and 15 with myeloid chronic leukemia). Moreover, 28 patients showed secondary polycythemias or reactive thrombocytosis, 8 MPD/myelodysplastic syndromes and 29 other disorders. In 54 patients, EEC were also evaluated. Peripheral blood cells were used as source of DNA in 122 patients, bone marrow in 33, cells from BFU-E in 14 and cells from EEC in 24 patients. Their DNA samples were analyzed using an allele-specific polimerase chain reaction methodology. Results: The JAK2 mutation was present in 96% of PV patients, 59% of ET and 63.6% of MF. None of the remaining patients showed this mutation. Diagnostic agreement was excellent between EEC and the mutation (kappa index = 0.93; 97% positive agreement and 95% negative agreement). DNA was obtained in 119 out of 122 samples from peripheral blood, in all patients with bone marrow, and in 50% of patients with BFU-E or EEC. In 7 cases, samples from different cell sources were studied. Their results were identical. Conclusions: The V617F mutation of JAK2 is present in most of PV patients and half of those with MF or ET. There is an excellent concordance with the EEC results


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos/genética , Cromossomo Filadélfia , Leucemia Mieloide Crônica Atípica BCR-ABL Negativa/genética , Células Precursoras Eritroides , Policitemia Vera/genética , Policitemia Vera/patologia , Mielofibrose Primária/genética , Mielofibrose Primária/patologia , Trombocitose/genética , Trombocitose/patologia , DNA/análise , Mutação
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