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3.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 23(3): 185-188, sept. 2006. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-75387

RESUMO

Ambrosia fungi live associated with beetles (Scolytidae and Platypodidae) in host trees and act as a food source for the insects. The symbiotic relation is important to the colonizing strategies of host trees by beetles. Ambrosia fungi are dimorphic: they grow as ambrosial form and as mycelium. The fungi are highly specialized, adapted to a specific beetle and to the biotope where they both live. In addition other fungi have been found such as tree pathogenic fungi that may play a role in insects host colonization success. Saprophytic fungi are also present in insects galleries. These may decompose cellulose and/or be antagonistic to other less beneficial fungi. This paper summarizes the importance of ambrosia fungi and the interaction with insects and hosts. The possibility of the transport of pathogenic fungi by Platypus cylindrus to cork oak thus contributing for its decline is discussed(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Ascomicetos/isolamento & purificação , Ascomicetos/fisiologia , Besouros/microbiologia , Quercus/microbiologia , Quercus/fisiologia , Xylariales/isolamento & purificação , Xylariales/fisiologia , Estruturas Animais/microbiologia , Besouros/anatomia & histologia , Besouros/fisiologia , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Portugal/epidemiologia , Especificidade da Espécie , Simbiose , Madeira/microbiologia
4.
Cuad. med. forense ; 11(39): 23-33, ene. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-042109

RESUMO

La Entomología Forense ha alcanzado un estatus importante dentro de las ciencias forenses. Los países del Neotrópico tienen una composición faunística y ambiental, diversa y extensa. Sin embargo, son escasos los trabajos referentes a la sucesión de insectos en cadáveres en esta región. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron recopilar información bibliográfica acerca de las investigaciones realizadas en el Neotrópico y en otras latitudes, y compararlos con los obtenidos en observaciones realizadas en pequeños cadáveres de mamíferos en la Parroquia Juana de Ávila, Municipio Maracaibo, Estado Zulia, Venezuela. Hay autores que han reportado que la estacionalidad es un factor decisivo en países como Canadá, Estados Unidos y España en contraste con países del Neotrópico, como Perú y Colombia. Esto determinó una variabilidad importante tanto en las oleadas de artrópodos, como en la duración de cada una de las etapas de descomposición de los restos. En nuestras observaciones de campo, Chrysomya sp. apareció desde el primer día y sus larvas se mantuvieron en ese estado hasta el séptimo y octavo día donde empezaron a formar pupas, las cuales emergieron entre el noveno y décimo día. Se observó la presencia muy dispersa y pobre del adulto, después del décimo día. Se concluyó que Chrysomya sp. fue la especie dominante sobre los otros dípteros carroñeros y el indicador principal del intervalo postmortem (I.P.M.), durante los primeros diez días en los cadáveres estudiados


Forensic Entomology has reached an important status within the forensic sciences. The Neo-tropical countries have a vast and diverse environmental and faunal composition. Nevertheless, the studies regarding the insect succession in cadavers in this region, are scarce. The objective of this paper is to gather information regarding the research performed in the Neo-tropics and in other latitudes, and to carry out observations in the cadavers of small mammals in the Parish of Juana de Avila, Municipality Maracaibo, State Zulia, Venezuela. A bibliographic revision was made as well as the daily captures and observations of insects in the carcasses of three domestic cats and four laboratory rats during a period of ten days. Other authors have reported that the seasonal variations is a decisive factor in countries such as Canada, the United States and Spain, in contrast to what happens in Neotropical countries such as Peru and Colombia. This has determined an important variability in the arthropod waves, as well as in the duration of each of the decomposition stages of the remains. According to our field observations, Chrysomya sp, appeared on the first day and a larva stage was maintained until the seventh and eighth day when they started to create pupas, which emerged between the ninth and tenth day. After the tenth day, a poor and disperse presence of the adult could be observed. The conclusion was that Chrysomya sp was the dominant specie among the other carrions dipterous and the principal indicator of post-mortem interval (P.M.I.) during the first ten days in the cadavers under study


Assuntos
Humanos , Ciências Forenses/tendências , Entomologia/métodos , Cadáver , Estações do Ano , Ecossistema Tropical , Dípteros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Besouros/crescimento & desenvolvimento
6.
Ars pharm ; 41(4): 405-413, oct. 2000. tab
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-23491

RESUMO

Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio sistemático de los semioquímicos asociados al barrenillo del olivo Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (Bern.) Que implica el análisis por CG y CG-EM de los volátiles procedentes de diferentes materiales (leños de poda, ramas del árbol, serrines e insectos)a fin de determinar las posibles kairomonas, feromonas y repelentes (AU)


Assuntos
Feromônios/análise , Árvores/química , Repelentes de Insetos/análise , Besouros/patogenicidade
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