Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Disenteria , Clostridiales , Espanha , Ácido GlutâmicoRESUMO
Background and objectives: The identification of findings that suggest a unique dysbiotic microbial signature in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), has drawn the attention towards promising therapies for ASD targeting gut-microbiota. In order to help physicians to make clinical decisions based on significant evidence, this work offers a systematic review of original peer-reviewed studies focused on microbiota-targeted treatments in ASD children.MethodsThe systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Quality of research was assessed using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). Of 110 potential records initially identified, only 9 articles accomplished our inclusion criteria.ResultsA decrease in specific Clostridiales species and/or an increase in Bacillales was consistent in several studies after the microbiota-targeted interventions, whereas mixed results were seen in other phyla, congruent with different baseline trends in their ASD samples. Behavioral and GI function responses varied across interventions.ConclusionPreliminary data show microbiota-based therapies to have a positive effect on ASD patients. However, further well-designed, large-scale randomized controlled trials with standardized protocols are needed to support the effectiveness and safety of these treatments. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Genética Microbiana , Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Microbiota , ClostridialesRESUMO
Las especies incluidas en el género Clostridium son muy heterogéneas, tanto que desde un punto de vista fenotípico como filogenético. Los avances en la taxonomía polifásica y en particular en la filogenia están permitiendo resolver esta disfunción reclasificando a numerosas especies en otros géneros, aunque aún resta trabajo por hacer. Los cambios en las denominaciones genéricas son algo normal en taxonomía pero puede convertirse en un problema cuando afectan a especies con gran impacto clínico conocidas desde hace muchos años como es el caso de algunas especies tradicionales del género Clostridium. Tras conocerlos los microbiólogos clínicos, en cuyo quehacer la taxonomía es fundamental, deben valorar que está antes, la comunicación con los profesionales de la salud o la filogenia y valorar que quizás haya posibilidades de combinar ambos hechos. Este artículo revisa alguno de los cambios taxonómicos acaecidos en especies conocidas del género Clostridium, que genéticamente no pertenecen a este género, que pueden tener interés en clínica y evalúa, en lo posible, su trascendencia en la comunicación científica y sanitaria (AU)
The various species included in the genus Clostridium are very heterogeneous, both from a phenotypic and a phylogenetic point of view. The advances in polyphasic taxonomy, particularly in phylogeny, are allowing to resolve this dysfunction reclassifying several species in other genres, although there is still work to be done. Changes in generic denominations are quite normal in taxonomy, but can turn into a problem when they affect species with strong clinical impact and that have been recognised for a long time, as in the case of some traditional Clostridium species. After knowing these changes clinical microbiologists, in whose work taxonomy is an essential tool, should evaluate what matters most, if the communication with other health professionals or the phylogeny, and think about the possibility of combining both things. This paper reviews some of the taxonomic changes that have took place in well-known Clostridium species that can be clinically interesting and evaluates, as far as possible, their significance in the scientific and medical communication (AU)
