Arteria labial de calibre persistente / Caliber-persistent labial artery

La arteria labial de calibre persistente (ALCP) es una entidad poco común, que se caracteriza por una arteria labial cuyo calibre permanece invariable tras su penetración en la submucosa. El diagnóstico diferencial debe apoyarse en pruebas de imagen pues la biopsia puede ocasionar sangrados importantes. El tratamiento varía desde el seguimiento clínico hasta la escisión quirúrgica. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 40 años que acude a nuestra consulta por una tumoración lineal submucosa en labio superior, que le ocasionaba problemas estéticos y funcionales. (AU)

Caliber-persistent labial artery is an uncommon lesion of the lip, which consists of a labial arteriy that penetrates into the submucosal tissue of the lip, without a loss of caliber. The differential diagnosis must be supported by image tests, since the surgical biopsy can cause significant bleeding. Treatment varies from clinical follow-up to surgical excision. We present the case of a 40-year-old woman who attends to our consultation for a lineal submucosal lesion that caused her aesthetical and functional compromise. (AU)

A retrospective 11-year study on lip lesions attended at an oral diagnostic service

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to describe the upper and lower lip lesion occurrence in an oral diagnostic service. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective descriptive sectional study was performed. Clinical records were obtained from the archives of an Oral Diagnostic Service referral center between 2006 and 2016. Data such as gender, age, anatomical location, and diagnosis were collected and categorized. The collected data were submitted to a descriptive analysis and Pearson's chi-square test (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: A total of 587 patient records of lip lesions were analyzed. Most lesions were diagnosed in female (52.1%) and adults (56.9%) patients in the lower lip (76.2%). Among all lip lesions, the reactive/inflammatory lesions (n = 238; 40.5%) and oral potentially malignant disorders (n = 164; 28%) were the most frequent group lesions. Mucocele (n = 147; 25%), actinic cheilitis (n = 136; 23.1%) and vascular lesions (n = 51; 8.7%) were the most frequent lesion in the sample. Actinic cheilitis was significant in relation to gender (p < 0.001), all three most frequent lesions were significant in concerning to age group and anatomical site. CONCLUSIONS: Mucocele was the most common lower lip lesion in all age groups, followed by actinic cheilitis and vascular lesions, which mainly affected adults and the elderly

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Leishmaniasis mucocutánea labial, las apariencias pueden engañar / Mucocutaneous lip leishmaniasis, a diagnonstic challenge

La leishmaniasis es una infección endémica en nuestro medio. Dentro de sus presentaciones, la forma mucocutánea es la menos frecuente. A pesar de ello se ha de tener en cuenta incluso en casos clínicamente sugestivos de patología tumoral, como el que presentamos

Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in the mediterranean region. Although mucocutaneous presentation is not frequent, we should considerate it in the differential diagnosis of tumoral pathology

Queilitis exfoliativa / Exfoliative cheilitis

La queilitis exfoliativa se caracteriza por una descamación recurrente del borde labial, con eritema y formación de costras. Aunque la etiología es desconocida, además de la posible intervención de los agentes causantes de queilitis agudas, en la queilitis exfoliativa suelen existir alteraciones psicológicas o situaciones de estrés que parecen favorecerla

Exfoliative cheilitis is characterized by recurrent desquamation of the labial border, with erythema and crusting. Although its etiology is unknown, apart from the possible intervention of the agents that cause acute cheilitis, there are usually psychological disorders or stress situations that seem to contribute to its development

Lichenoid lesions of the upper lip: A retrospective study of 24 cases

BACKGROUND: Lichenoid lesions of the upper labial mucosa, without other oral or extraoral manifestations seem to be rare. The clinicopathologic features of 24 such cases are presented and the pertinent literature is reviewed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 24 Caucasian patients that clinically presented lichenoid features on the upper labial mucosa, with or without lichenoid lesions on the adjacent gingiva, were included in the study. Clinical features were extracted from the patients' records, while dental plaque/calculus accumulation and composite resin restorations of the adjacent teeth were recorded. Four cases where an incisional biopsy was performed were further evaluated. RESULTS: There were 8 males and 16 females, with a mean age of 62.7 years. 64.2% were under hypertensive therapy. In 13 cases gingival involvement was noticed, 16 cases exhibited calculus deposition, while 6 cases presented with composite resin fillings of the adjacent teeth. In 4 cases an incisional biopsy was performed showing features of lichenoid reaction. In 37.5% significant improvement was observed after topical treatment with corticosteroids and antimicrobial agents. CONCLUSIONS: Lichenoid lesions of the upper lip may represent a distinct variety of oral lichenoid lesions, but as the number of cases reported so far is too small for definite conclusions on pathogenesis and management to be made, a long-term follow-up is mandatory

Oral Thrombus: Report of 122 cases with clinically descriptive data

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency and characterize clinic-pathologic aspects of thrombus occurring as a single lesion or in association with other oral pathologies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 122 cases of thrombus from the oral cavity were retrieved. Information regarding site of the lesion, age, sex and clinical diagnosis or hypothesis and associated lesions were collected from the patients' records. RESULTS: The lesions occurred in a wide age range but the 5th decade was the most prevalent and female patients were more affected. The most frequent site for the lesion was the lip, followed by tongue, buccal mucosa, alveolar ridge, gingiva, floor of the mouth and vestibule. Thirty-five cases were associated with other vascular anomalies or actinic cheilitis. Microscopically, typical thrombus morphology was present. Organized thrombus presented neovascularization and fibroblasts, associated with hemorrhagic areas. CONCLUSIONS: Only 4 cases of oral thrombus have been described in the oral cavity. Given the limited number of cases reported, the importance of a thrombus in the oral cavity is not well established. This study contributes to establishing the profile of patients presenting oral thrombus, a lesion not rare but not well documented

Cuerno cutáneo en labio superior / Cutaneous Horn on the Upper Lip

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Reconstrucción estética de labio superior tras necrosis secundaria a infiltración de material aloplástico / Aesthetic reconstruction of the upper lip after necrosis secondary to alloplastic material filling

La utilización de implantes aloplásticos en la restauración de deformidades y alteraciones del relieve cutáneo ha sido ampliamente difundida en las últimas tres décadas. Su uso excesivo puede ser, en ocasiones una solución errónea para camuflar las alteraciones generadas por la senilidad simulando parcialmente resultados quirúrgicos. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con necrosis total de labio superior secundaria a infiltración de polimetilmetacrilato. Precisó reconstrucción del labio superior en 11 tiempos quirúrgicos, durante casi 3 años, con un promedio de 3 a 4 meses de intervalo entre cada uno, con el propósito de restaurar la forma y función de la zona afectada y permitir la reinserción social de la paciente y el reencuentro de su equilibrio físico y emocional. Fue necesario emplear múltiples colgajos para recuperar el volumen adecuado, tanto cutáneo como mucoso, y luego lograr gradual y progresivamente la remodelación del segmento afectado. Los colgajos de Webster, Abbe y de lengua fueron los más importantes a la hora de recuperar forma y funcionalidad. Creemos que en la mayoría de las cirugías reconstructivas lo más importante es el enfoque funcional, pero consideramos también de extrema importancia la recuperación estética del paciente que permita un retorno natural a la convivencia social. Por ello, en el caso de la reconstrucción labial, después de realizar la transferencia de tejidos, debemos proceder a múltiples intervenciones quirúrgicas con el objetivo de lograr también una segura y gradual recomposición de la estética labial (AU)

The use of alloplastic implants in the restoration of deformities or changes of the skin relief has been widespread over the past three decades. The dissemination and use of these devices can be a scarce solution to camouflage changes generated by senility, partially simulate surgical results. The authors present a case of a patient with total necrosis of the upper lip secondary to infiltration of polymethyl methacrylate. This patient underwent reconstruction of the upper lip in 11 operative times, for almost 3 years with 3 to 4 months average interval between each of the procedures, in order to restore the form and function of the affected area and allow their social reintegration and reach of their physical and emotional balance. In this case, multiple flaps were chosen to provide the tecidual volume required or surplus, both cutaneous and mucous, for consecutively established gradually and progressively a remodeling of the affected segment. Webster, ABBE and tongue flaps formed part of our important arsenal so that we can achieve the ideal shape and functional fitness. In most reconstructive surgeries, the most important is the functional approach, but also the aesthetic recovery of the patient, allowing the natural return to social conviviality. After transfer surplus tissue, multiple surgeries are needed with the aim of promoting the safe, slow and gradual recovery lip aesthetics (AU)

Empleo de la terapiafotodinámica en el tratamiento de la queilitis actínica / Use of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of actinic cheilitis

La queilitis actínica, enfermedad común del labio causada por la exposición solar crónica, es una lesión premaligna con la capacidad de transformarse en carcinoma de células escamosas. El diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano y efectivo dela lesión es importante. La crioterapia, quimioterapia tópica, inmunomodulación y extirpación quirúrgica se han propuesto como intervenciones terapéuticas. Algunos de los tratamientos disponibles son invasivos, tienen resultados poco estéticos y requieren varias sesiones. Se revisaron 11 artículos publicados en los últimos años sobre el uso de la terapia fotodinámica como tratamiento de la queilitis actínica. La terapia fotodinámica se ha introducido como una modalidad terapéutica para los tumores de la piel obteniendo buenos resultados estéticos. La terapia fotodinámica es eficaz en el tratamiento de la queilitis actínica. El análisis histopatológico de la lesión es fundamental. La limitación en la exposición solar del labio es esencial para prevenir su aparición. Son necesarios estudios a largo plazo para la evaluación de las recidivas y definir el número ideal de sesiones para tratar de forma eficaz estas lesiones

Actinic cheilitis, a common disease of the lipcaused by chronic solar exposure, is a premalignant lesion with the capacity of transforming into squamous cell carcinoma. The early and effective diagnosis and treatment of the lesion is important. Cryotherapy, topical chemotherapy, immunomodulation and surgical extirpation have been proposed as therapeutic interventions. Some of thetreatments available are invasive, have antaesthetic results and require various sessions. Eleven articles were reviewed, published in recent years on the use of photodynamic therapy as a treatment for actiniccheilitis. Photodynamic therapy has been introduced as a therapeutic modality for skin tumours obtaining good aesthetic results. Photodynamic therapy is effective in the treatment of actinic cheilits. The histopathological analysis of the lesion is basic. The limitation of sun exposure on the lip is essential in preventing its appearance. Long-term studies are necessary for the evaluation of the recurrences and for defining the ideal number of sessions in order to treat these lesions effectively

Labio doble: Caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Double lip: Report of a case and review of the literature

El labio doble es una anomalía rara que se caracteriza por una redundancia de la mucosa labial visible al abrir la boca o al sonreir. Afecta con mayor frecuencia al labio superior. Su tratamiento es quirúrgico, para lo cual están descritas diversas técnicas. En la paciente que presentamos se realizaron resecciones elípticas de la mucosa y del tejido submucoso combinadas con una z-plastia vertical en la parte central del labio superior. Los resultados estéticos y funcionales de nuestro caso fueron satisfactorios (AU)

Double lip is a rare anomaly characterized by a redundancy of labial mucosa visible during mouth opening r during smiling. It occurs more frequently in the upperlip. The treatment is surgical and there are many techniques for its correction .In our clinical case we used an elliptical excision ofmucosal and submucosal tissue combined with a vertical midline z-plasty of the upper lip. Satisfactory aesthetic result was achived (AU)

Dermatitis de contacto en labios (queilitis de contacto) / No disponible

Se revisa la etiología más frecuente, la clínica y la confirmación de una dermatitis alérgica de contacto en labios, así como sus características anatómicas y fisiológicas de esta zona (AU)

We review the most common a etiology, clinical and confirmation of an allergic contact dermatitis on the lips. Just as their anatomical and physiological characteristics of this area (AU)

Ulceraciones orales por alendronato / Mouth Sores Caused by Alendronate

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Lesión infiltrada en el labio superior / Infiltrative Lesion of the Upper Lip

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Telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditaria / Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

La telangiectaasia hemorrágica hereditaria se caracteriza por displasia de capilares y pequeños vasos que pueden sangrar ocasionalmente. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 69 años con lesiones papulosas diminutas de color rojo vivo localizadas en labios, lengua y paladar (AU)

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is characterised by capillary and small blood vessel malformations which may occasionally cause bleeding. We present a case of a 69 year old woman with small, bright red, papulous lesions on the lips, tongue and palate (AU)