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2.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 25(12): 3479-3491, dec. 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-227293

RESUMO

Introduction Cancer patients often suffer from malnutrition and early detection and raising awareness of nutritional issues is crucial in this population. Methods The Spanish Oncology Society (SEOM) conducted the Quasar_SEOM study to investigate the current impact of the Anorexia–Cachexia Syndrome (ACS). The study employed questionnaires and the Delphi method to gather input from both cancer patients and oncologists on key issues related to early detection and treatment of ACS. A total of 134 patients and 34 medical oncologists were surveyed about their experiences with ACS. The Delphi methodology was used to evaluate oncologists' perspectives of ACS management, ultimately leading to a consensus on the most critical issues. Results Despite widespread acknowledgement of malnutrition in cancer as a significant issue by 94% of oncologists, the study revealed deficiencies in knowledge and protocol implementation. A mere 65% of physicians reported being trained to identify and treat these patients, with 53% failing to address ACS in a timely manner, 30% not monitoring weight, and 59% not adhering to any clinical guidelines. The lack of experience was identified as the primary hindrance to the use of orexigens in 18% of cases. Furthermore, patients reported concerns and a perception of inadequate attention to malnutrition-related issues from their physicians. Conclusion The results of this study point to a gap in the care of this syndrome and a need to improve education and follow-up of cancer patients with anorexia-cachexia (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Desnutrição/etiologia , Desnutrição/terapia , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/terapia , Oncologistas , Anorexia/etiologia , Anorexia/terapia , Caquexia/etiologia , Caquexia/terapia , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Inquéritos e Questionários , Síndrome
3.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 76(11): 845-851, Nov. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-226968

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivos: La insuficiencia tricuspídea (IT) significativa se asocia con un aumento de la morbimortalidad. La valoración clínica del paciente con IT es un reto. Nuestro objetivo es establecer una nueva clasificación clínica, específica para pacientes con IT, denominada clasificación 4A, y evaluar su impacto pronóstico. Métodos: Se incluyó a pacientes evaluados en la clínica valvular, con IT aislada al menos grave y ausencia de antecedentes de insuficiencia cardiaca (IC). Se recogieron síntomas y signos de astenia, edema en extremidades inferiores, dolor o distensión abdominal y anorexia (asthenia, ankle swelling, abdominal pain or distention and anorexia) y se realizó un seguimiento cada 6 meses. La clasificación 4A abarca desde A0 (ninguna A) a A3 (3 o 4 Aes). Se definió un resultado combinado de ingreso hospitalario debido a IC derecha o muerte de causa cardiovascular. Resultados: Se incluyó a 135 pacientes con IT significativa entre 2016 y 2021 (el 69% mujeres; media de edad, 78±7 años). Durante un seguimiento medio de 26 [intervalo intercuartílico, 10-41] meses, 53 pacientes (39%) alcanzaron el resultado combinado. Ingresaron por IC 46 (34%) y murió un 5% (n=7). Al inicio, el 94% de los pacientes se encontraban en NYHA I o II, mientras que el 24% ya presentaba A2 o A3. La presencia de A2 o A3 se asoció con una alta incidencia de eventos. El cambio en la puntuación de la clasificación 4A fue un marcador independiente de IC y muerte cardiovascular (HR ajustada por unidad de cambio de la clasificación 4A=1,95 [1,37-2,77]; p <0,001). Conclusiones: Se muestra una nueva clasificación clínica específica para pacientes con IT basada en signos y síntomas de IC derecha y predictora de eventos.


Introduction and objectives: Significant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Clinical evaluation of TR patients is challenging. Our aim was to establish a new clinical classification specific for patients with TR, the 4A classification, and evaluate its prognostic performance. Methods: We included patients with isolated TR that was at least severe and without previous episodes of heart failure (HF) who were assessed in the heart valve clinic. We registered signs and symptoms of asthenia, ankle swelling, abdominal pain or distention and/or anorexia and followed up the patients every 6 months. The 4A classification ranged from A0 (no A) to A3 (3 or 4 As present). We defined a combined endpoint consisting of hospital admission due to right HF or cardiovascular mortality. Results: We included 135 patients with significant TR between 2016 and 2021 (69% females, mean age 78±7 years). During a median follow-up of 26 [IQR, 10-41] months, 39% (n=53) patients had the combined endpoint: 34% (n=46) were admitted for HF and 5% (n=7) died. At baseline, 94% of the patients were in NYHA I or II, while 24% were in classes A2 or A3. The presence of A2 or A3 conferred a high incidence of events. The change in 4A class remained an independent marker of HF and cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR per unit of change of 4A class, 1.95 [1.37-2.77]; P<.001). Conclusions: This study reports a novel clinical classification specifically for patients with TR that is based on signs and symptoms of right HF and has prognostic value for events.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/classificação , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Astenia , Edema , Dor Abdominal , Anorexia , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Cardiologia , Cardiopatias , Cardiopatias/complicações
5.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 76(5): 328-334, 28 jul. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-223919

RESUMO

Objective: To investigate the nutritional status of patients with advanced kidney cancer and analyse the risk factors for malnutrition in such patients. Methods: The study selected the clinical data of 103 patients with advanced kidney cancer who were admitted to Qingdao Jiaozhou Central Hospital from February 2020 to February 2022 for a retrospective analysis. The Subjective Global Assessment of Nutrition scale was used to evaluate the nutritional status of all research subjects. Patients’ baseline data, such as gender, age and clinical classifications, and laboratory indicators, such as albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP), were collected, and multivariate logistic regression was used to screen the independent risk factors for malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer. Results: A total of 78 (76.00%) individuals among the 103 patients with advanced kidney cancer had malnutrition. The results of univariate analysis showed marked differences in the age, body mass index (BMI), albumin, haemoglobin, CRP, diabetes, anorexia and family monthly income of patients of the good nutrition and malnutrition groups (p < 0.05). The results of logistic regression showed that age ≥65 years old (odds ratio (OR) = 29.187), albumin <40 g/L (OR = 0.025), haemoglobin <110 g/L (OR = 0.049), the presence of diabetes (OR = 28.138), the presence of anorexia (OR = 98.739), BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (OR = 0.024) and CRP <3 mg/L (OR = 24.819) were independent influencing factors of malnutrition in the patients with advanced kidney cancer (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: The incidence of malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer is relatively high. Therefore, the understanding of malnutrition in such patients in clinical work must be fortified, and attention should be paid to screening the above risk factors and implementing active measures in nutrition therapy to reduce the risk of malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer and prolong their survival time (AU)


Assuntos
Idoso , Neoplasias Renais/complicações , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Desnutrição/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Diabetes Mellitus , Anorexia/complicações , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Avaliação Nutricional , Análise de Sobrevida , Prognóstico , Estadiamento de Neoplasias
6.
Rev. psicol. clín. niños adolesc ; 10(2): 1-9, MAYO 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219706

RESUMO

El programa ECHOMANTRA tiene como finalidad facilitar la transición de las pacientes con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria desde el ingreso hospitalario a su vida cotidiana. Consta de una intervención para los/las familiares (ECHO; Treasure et al., 2015) y otra para las pacientes (MANTRA, Schmidt, et al, 2014). El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad del programa ECHOMANTRA, aplicado junto al tratamiento usual, en una adolescente de 15 años con anorexia nerviosa (AN) y su madre. Se utilizó un diseño de caso único y medidas pre-post, con seguimiento a los 3 y 6 meses. En la paciente se evaluó: patología alimentaria (EDE-Q), estado emocional (DASS-21), ajuste psicosocial (EQ-5D-5L y el CIA 3.0) y motivación al cambio; y en la madre: emoción expresada (FQ), impacto de los síntomas (EDSIS), acomodación a la enfermedad (EAISA), estado emocional (DASS-21) y habilidades de cuidadora (CSS). Ambos programas constaban de 8 sesiones online individuales y semanales. Los resultados mostraron una reducción en la sintomatología de AN, aumento del IMC, mejora del estado emocional, motivación al cambio y ajuste psicosocial; y en la madre, mejoró el estado emocional y las habilidades de cuidado, y disminuyó la acomodación a la enfermedad, la emoción expresada y el impacto de los síntomas. Estos cambios se mantuvieron en el seguimiento. Ambas valoraron el programa como satisfactorio. La aceptabilidad y la eficiencia del tratamiento de la AN puede mejorarse utilizando el ECHOMANTRA para preparar la transición de la atención hospitalaria, apoyando a las pacientes y familiares. (AU)


The aim of the ECHOMANTRA program is to facilitate the transition from hospital back into the community. ECHOMANTRA is based on interventions for carers (Experienced Carers Helping Others, ECHO; Treasure et al. 2016) and patients (Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults, MANTRA; Schmidt, et al., 2014). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ECHOMANTRA program, applied together with the usual treatment, in a 15-yearold adolescent girl with anorexia nervosa (AN) and her mother. A single case design and pre-post measures were used, as well as follow-up at 3 and 6 months. The patient was assessed for: eating pathology (EDE-Q), emotional state (DASS-21), psychosocial adjustment (EQ-5D-5L and CIA 3.0) and motivation to change. In the mother: expressed emotion (FQ), symptom impact (EDSIS), accommodation to illness (EAISA), emotional state (DASS-21) and her caregiver skills (CSS) were assessed. Both programs consisted of 8 on-line sessions, which were conducted individually and on a weekly basis. The results showed a reduction in AN symptomatology, increased BMI, improved emotional state, motivation to change and psychosocial adjustment; and in the mother, improved emotional state and caregiving skills, and reduced accommodation to illness, expressed emotion and the impact of symptoms. These changes were maintained at follow-up. Both patient and family valued the program as satisfactory. Both the acceptability and efficiency of treatment for AN may be improved by using ECHOMANATRA to prepare for transition from inpatient care, by giving support to both patients and their carers. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , 36397 , Relações Familiares , Anorexia Nervosa/psicologia , Psicologia do Adolescente , Anorexia/psicologia
7.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 114(12): 748-749, diciembre 2022. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213534

RESUMO

A 24-years-old male patient was admitted to our institution for intermittent jaundice, fatigue, anorexia and dark urine which occurred six times in the past 8 years (twice in 2019). Liver function test showed elevated levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes. He had no fever, vomiting, abdominal pain or diarrhea, and denied special medication, heredity or family history. He drank alcohol occasionally. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Colestase Intra-Hepática , Icterícia , Fadiga , Anorexia , Bilirrubina
8.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 29(supl.1): 14-19, Nov. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-211668

RESUMO

El cannabis tiene el potencial de modular algunos de los síntomas más prevalentes en el cáncer, ya sean derivados del propio tumor o de los tratamientos antitumorales. Sin embargo, la escasez de evidencia científica sobre su eficacia y el estigma histórico ocasiona un problema para que los profesionales médicos puedan elegirlo como una opción terapéutica para sus pacientes. Esta revisión refleja la influencia del cannabis medicinal en los síntomas más prevalentes y debilitantes en cáncer, incluyendo el dolor, las náuseas y los vómitos inducidos por quimioterapia, la neuropatía periférica inducida por quimioterapia, y la anorexia y la pérdida de apetito. Asimismo, se repasa la evidencia actual del cannabis como agente anticanceroso.(AU)


Cannabis has the potential to modulate some of the most common symptoms of cancer, either from the tumour itself or from its treatments. However, the paucity of scientific evidence for its effectiveness and the historical stigma causes a problem to clinicians for choosing it as a therapeutic option for their patients. This review reflects the influence of medical cannabis on the most common and debilitating symptoms in cancer, including pain, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, and anorexia and loss of appetite. Additionaly we do a review of the medical cannabis as an anticancer agent.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Dor do Câncer , Neoplasias , Cannabis , Canabinoides , Dronabinol , Náusea , Anorexia , Vômito , Canabidiol , Dor , Dor Crônica , Manejo da Dor , Tratamento Farmacológico
9.
Psiquiatr. biol. (Internet) ; 29(3)septiembre 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213241

RESUMO

Infection with COVID-19 has presented diversely in patients, including neuropsychiatric symptoms such as akinetic mutism. Most of these cases involve patients of middle-to-late age or with other health comorbidities. This is a unique case of a long hospitalization for severe catatonic symptoms in a patient with covid-19 infection in which ultimately, ECT helped produce rapid improvements in catatonia. Access to prompt ECT has been limited during the ongoing pandemic, and this case illustrates the importance of managing contamination risk and maintaining access to psychiatric treatment resources. (AU)


La infección por COVID-19 ha tenido diversas presentaciones en los pacientes, incluyendo síntomas de tipo neuropsiquiátrico, tales como mutismo acinético. Muchos de estos casos involucran a pacientes de edad mediana a madura, o con otras comorbilidades de salud. El caso presente es un caso único de hospitalización prolongada por síntomas de catatonia grave en un paciente con infección por Covid-19 en el que, finalmente, la TEC ayudó a generar mejoras rápidas en términos de catatonia. El acceso a la TEC inmediata ha sido limitado durante el curso de la pandemia, y este caso ilustra la importancia de gestionar el riesgo de contaminación y mantener el acceso a los recursos de la terapia psiquiátrica. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Catatonia , Anorexia
10.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 45(2): [e1009], Jun 29, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-208803

RESUMO

Se realizó una revisión sistemática de los estudios que han investigado la influencia de las redes sociales (RRSS) sobre las adolescentes en relación a la anorexia y bulimia nerviosa. Se seleccionaron artículos publicados en inglés, español o portugués en las bases de datos The Cochrane Library Plus, PubMed, WOS, PsycINFO y Scopus en los diez últimos años, con calidad suficiente. Se incluyeron nueve estudios con una muestra de 2.069 adolescentes (75,3% mujeres) de edad media 18 años, que utilizaban principalmente Facebook e Instagram. A pesar de algunos aspectos positivos, las RRSS promueven cánones de belleza basados en la delgadez, permiten la comparación entre iguales incrementando la preocupación por el peso, y crean espacios que fomentan los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Por tanto, las RRSS influyen en el desarrollo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y al promover la extrema delgadez en las chicas, las hace más vulnerables.(AU)


Systematic review of published studies on the impact of social networks (SN) use on anorexia and bulimia in female adolescents. We selected articles published over the past 10 years, written in English, Spanish or Portuguese found in The Cochrane Library Plus, PubMed, WOS, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases and with enough methodological quality. Nine studies were included in this review with a sample of 2,069 adolescents; 75.3% were female, mean age was 18 years, and mostly used Facebook and Instagram. Despite some positive aspects, SNs promote beauty standards in terms of thinness, allow comparisons between peers increasing concerns about weight, and create spaces that encourage anorexia and bulimia. Therefore, SN use plays a role in the development of eating disorders. The promotion of extreme thinness in girls makes this population more vulnerable.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Rede Social , Anorexia , Bulimia Nervosa , Bulimia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Comportamento Alimentar , Peso Corporal , Transtornos Mentais , Sistemas de Saúde , Espanha
14.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 41(1): 47-54, 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-202471

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the frequency of reduction of handgrip strength (PGS) and its associated factors in people living with HIV using antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: A series of cases, carried out in a public hospital in Recife, PE, from March to July 2017, which evaluated patients ≥ 20 years, using a questionnaire that contained sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical, biochemical and lifestyle variables. The handgrip strength test was performed using a dynamometer. RESULTS: A total of 109 patients were evaluated, of which 29.4% presented a reduction in the PGS. The female sex and schooling < 9 years were more likely to present a reduction in the PGS. Patients who had a CD4 cell count < 350 cells /mm³, and presented anorexia and fatigue presented a higher probability of reduction in PGS. There was no significant correlation between changes in anthropometric parameters and reduction in PGS. It is noteworthy to mention the observed frequency of underweight (10.2%) and overweight (49.1%) among subjects, as judged by their body mass index (BMI). In addition to the frequency of undernutrition by BMI, arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, triceps skinfold and percentage of weight loss were in the range of 30%. CONCLUSION: Female gender, lower educational level, anorexia, fatigue and less number of TCD4 cells were associated with this reduction


OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la frecuencia de reducción de la fuerza del mango (FPP) y sus factores asociados en personas con VIH que usan terapia antirretroviral. MÉTODOS: Estudio de serie de casos, realizado en un hospital público en Recife, PE, de marzo a julio de 2017, que evaluó a pacientes ≥ 20 años de edad, utilizando un cuestionario que contenía variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas, clínicas, bioquímicas y de estilo de vida. vida. La prueba FPP se realizó con un dinamómetro. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 109 pacientes, 29.4% de los cuales tuvieron una reducción en FPP. El género femenino y la educación <9 años fueron más propensos a mostrar una reducción en FPP. Los pacientes con un recuento de células CD4 <350 células / mm³ y anorexia y fatiga tenían más probabilidades de reducir la FPP. No hubo correlación significativa entre los cambios en los parámetros antropométricos y una reducción en FPP. Se destaca la frecuencia de bajo peso (10.2%) y sobrepeso (49.1%) entre los pacientes, como lo demuestra el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Además de la frecuencia de desnutrición por IMC, la circunferencia del brazo, la circunferencia muscular del brazo, el pliegue cutáneo tricipital y el porcentaje de pérdida de peso estaban en el rango del 30%. CONCLUSIÓN: El género femenino, menos educación, anorexia, fatiga y un menor número de células CD4 se asociaron con una reducción en FPP


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por HIV/terapia , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Estado Nutricional , Mãos/fisiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Anorexia/dietoterapia , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico
16.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 22(86): 189-194, abr.-jun. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-187743

RESUMO

Desde la aparición de los primeros casos en diciembre de 2019 hasta el momento actual, más de tres millones de personas se han infectado por SARS-CoV-2 en el mundo. Los síntomas más frecuentes son fiebre, tos, mialgias y dificultad respiratoria. No obstante, al progresar la pandemia, se ha prestado una atención creciente a los síntomas gastrointestinales. Entre ellos, destacan hiporexia, náuseas, vómitos y diarrea. También puede haber hipertransaminasemia. Desde el punto de vista digestivo, cabe tener en cuenta que ciertas patologías crónicas, como la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, pueden beneficiarse de ciertas modificaciones en cuanto a tratamiento se refiere. Por último, cabe reflejar que ha de extremarse la precaución durante la realización de endoscopias. En esta revisión se ahonda en todos estos aspectos


From the beginning of the pandemic to the current moment, more than three million people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the world. The most frequent symptoms are fever, cough, myalgia and respiratory distress. However, as the pandemic progresses, more gastrointestinal symptoms have been notified. Among them, hiporexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. There may also be hipertransaminasemia. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease may be benefited by certain treatment modifications. Caution should be exercised during endoscopies. All of these topics are discussed in this review


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/patogenicidade , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/complicações , Intestinos/virologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/fisiopatologia , Vômito/epidemiologia , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Anorexia/epidemiologia , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/normas , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/epidemiologia , Dor Abdominal/epidemiologia
17.
O.F.I.L ; 30(4): 351-356, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-197513

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido mejorar los resultados en salud y reducir la complejidad terapéutica en el paciente anciano polimedicado mediante un trabajo multidisciplinar. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Varón de 75 años con una pérdida de peso de 20 kilos en los últimos nueve meses al cual se le diagnostica de síndrome constitucional relacionado con la polimedicación. Se hace interconsulta al Servicio de Farmacia para un posible ajuste del tratamiento farmacológico. RESULTADOS: Nuevo plan terapéutico mediante estrategias de deprescripción y de simplificación propuesto por el farmacéutico, revisado y aceptado por el médico especialista, con una reducción del MRCI-E en 13,5 puntos y de la carga anticolinérgica. Como consecuencia: aumento del apetito y estabilización del peso. No ingresos hospitalarios ni visitas al Servicio de Urgencias. CONCLUSIONES: El abordaje multidisciplinar ha conseguido una reducción del número de medicamentos prescritos, así como de la complejidad terapéutica. Por lo tanto, ante un paciente frágil polimedicado se debería plantear una revisión de la medicación valorando estrategias de deprescripción para aumentar la adherencia al tratamiento y mejorar resultados en salud


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work has been to improve health outcomes and reduce medication regimen complexity in the elderly polymedicated patient through interdisciplinary health team. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 75-year-old male with a weight loss of 20 kilos in the last nine months who is diagnosed with constitutional syndrome related to polymedication. The pharmacy service is consulted for a possible adjustment of the pharmacological treatment. RESULTS: New therapeutic plan through deprescription and simplification strategies proposed by the pharmacist, reviewed and accepted by the medical specialist, with a reduction of MRCI-E by 13.5 points and the anticholinergic burden. Consequently: increased appetite and weight stabilization. No hospital admissions or visits to the emergency department. CONCLUSIONS: The multidisciplinary approach has achieved a reduction in the number of prescription medications, as well as the complexity of the medication regimen. Therefore, with a polymedicated fragile patient, a medication review should be considered to evaluate deprescription strategies to increase adherence to treatment and improve health outcomes


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Fadiga/tratamento farmacológico , Anorexia/tratamento farmacológico , Redução de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Polimedicação , Síndrome , Resultado do Tratamento
18.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 21(84): 401-403, oct.-dic. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-191982

RESUMO

La urticaria multiforme es un trastorno cutáneo, propio de lactantes y niños pequeños, caracterizado por lesiones habonosas de centro violáceo y morfología anular. Presenta similitud con el eritema multiforme, pero a diferencia de este, tiene un carácter benigno y autolimitado. Su etiología es desconocida y el tratamiento, sintomático. Su conocimiento y diagnóstico diferencial es importante para evitar pruebas diagnósticas innecesarias, realizar un manejo correcto y proporcionar información adecuada a los padres


Urticaria multiforme is a cutaneous disorder, which mainly affects infants and young children. It seems like erythema multiforme, but it has a benign and self-limiting course. Its etiology is unknown and treatment, symptomatic. Their knowledge and differential diagnosis is important to avoid unnecessary diagnostic procedures, correct management and provide adequate information to parents


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Urticária/diagnóstico , Eritema Multiforme/diagnóstico , Urticária/classificação , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Anorexia/etiologia , Resfriado Comum/complicações
19.
Endocrinol. diabetes nutr. (Ed. impr.) ; 66(9): 571-578, nov. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-184380

RESUMO

Introduction: Psychological and neuroendocrine alterations are typical characteristics in anorexia nervosa patients. The role of adipokines and cytokines as mediators of body systems' adaptations to the patients' abnormal eating behavior is not well understood. The duration of disease seems to be a determinant of nutritional status and associated hormone changes. We aimed to assess whether alterations in adipokines, cytokines and cortisol do already exist in patients with a recent disease onset by means of a case-control study. Methods: Forty-one adolescent female patients on their first-episode and diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, were matched by age and socioeconomic status (SES) (1:1) with healthy girls. Leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin, cortisol, and the cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-alfa were examined. Results: The results showed reduced leptin and increased sOB-R and cortisol levels in AN patients. Adiponectin was also increased but opposite to the previous biomarkers did not correlate with BMI Z-score. Serum TNF-alfa and IL-2 showed significantly lower and higher values, respectively, in the AN patients than in the controls. Cortisol showed the strongest correlation with sOB-R (r = 0.436; P = 0.005). Conclusions: Our study confirms previous findings on adipokine and cortisol alterations in AN patients, while overall cytokine results did not show a clear disruption in AN patients with short disease duration. The results highlight the need to disentangle the role of the sOB-R in the interactions between leptin and cortisol secretion


Introducción: Las alteraciones psicológicas y neuroendocrinas son típicas de las pacientes con anorexia nerviosa (AN). El papel de las adipoquinas y citocinas como mediadores de la adaptación del organismo al comportamiento alimentario alterado no es bien conocido. La duración de la enfermedad parece ser un determinante del estado nutricional y de los cambios hormonales asociados. Nuestro objetivo ha sido establecer si existen alteraciones de adipoquinas, citocinas y cortisol en pacientes con un comienzo reciente de la enfermedad en un estudio caso-control. Métodos: Cuarenta y una chicas adolescentes diagnosticadas de AN en su primer episodio fueron emparejadas por edad y estado socioeconómico (1:1) con adolescentes sanas. Se midieron la leptina, el receptor soluble de leptina, la adiponectina, el cortisol y las citocinas IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 y TNF-alfa. Resultados: Las pacientes con AN mostraron niveles reducidos de leptina y elevados de receptor de leptina y cortisol. La adiponectina también se observó elevada pero, al contrario que los otros marcadores, no correlacionó con el Z-score del índice de masa corporal. Las pacientes mostraron valores de TNF-alfa e IL-2 menores y mayores, respectivamente, que las controles. El cortisol y el receptor de leptina mostraron la correlación más fuerte de todas las observadas (r = 0,436; p = 0,005). Conclusiones: Se confirman los resultados previos de adipoquinas y cortisol en pacientes con AN. Sin embargo, los resultados globales de citocinas no muestran una alteración clara en pacientes con corta duración de la enfermedad. Los resultados apuntan la necesidad de desentrañar el papel del receptor soluble de leptina en las interacciones entre leptina y cortisol


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Anorexia/diagnóstico , Anorexia/fisiopatologia , Análise Química do Sangue , Biomarcadores/análise , Leptina/sangue , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Citocinas/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Antropometria
20.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 29(5): 280-290, sept.-oct. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184152

RESUMO

Objetivo: Los objetivos de este trabajo han sido determinar el estado ponderal y los hábitos de alimentación y de consumo de alcohol y tabaco en estudiantes universitarios, determinar la asociación de estas variables con la autopercepción negativa de sus hábitos alimentarios, así como analizar el riesgo de desarrollar algún tipo de trastorno de la conducta alimentaria (TCA). Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal en 422 estudiantes universitarios. Los parámetros analizados fueron: estado nutricional, hábitos alimentarios, consumo alcohol/tabaco y conductas de TCA. Se aplicó regresión logística para identificar factores asociados a una percepción negativa de los hábitos alimentarios. Resultados: El 5% de la población presentaba peso insuficiente, el 16% sobrepeso y el 4% obesidad. El 55% no realizaba las cinco comidas/día. Los alimentos recomendados de ingesta diaria se consumían por debajo de las recomendaciones, mientras que embutidos/carnes grasas, bollería industrial, carnes magras y pescados se consumían en exceso. Percibieron sus hábitos alimentarios como buenos/muy buenos el 63%. El consumo de alcohol/tabaco predominaba los fines de semana. Las chicas mostraron mayor preocupación por su imagen (80,6% vs. 33%) y miedo a engordar (52,5% vs. 23,9%). Casi el 30% presentó una percepción distorsionada de su imagen corporal. Encontramos un riesgo del 12,8% de anorexia nerviosa atípica y del 4,7% de bulimia nerviosa atípica. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan un estilo de vida poco saludable, principalmente debido a hábitos alimentarios alejados de las recomendaciones. Más del 17% presentan riesgo de desarrollar TCA atípico. Esta información puede resultar de interés para desarrollar acciones preventivas


Objective: The objectives of this paper were to determine weight status, eating, and alcohol drinking and smoking habits of university students, to determine the association between these variables with negative self-perception of their eating habits and to assess the risk of developing eating disorders. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 422 university students. The parameters analyzed were: nutritional status, eating habits, alcohol/ tobacco consumption, and risk of eating disorder. Logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with a negative perception of eating habits. Results: Out of the whole population that was analyzed, 5% were underweight, 16% overweight and 4% obese. Fifty-five percent of the sample analyzed did not consume five meals a day. The recommended foods for daily consumption were consumed below recommendations, while sausages/fatty meats, industrial pastries, lean meats, and fish were over-consumed. Overall, the population perceived their eating habits as good/very good (63%). Alcohol and tobacco consumption predominated at weekends. The girls were more image-conscious (80.6% vs. 66%) and fearful of gaining weight (52.5% vs. 23.9%). Almost 30% had a distorted perception of body image. There was a 12.8% risk of atypical anorexia nervosa and 4.7% of atypical bulimia nervosa. Conclusions: College students led unhealthy lifestyles, mainly due to eating habits that do not conform to the establish recommendations. More than 17% are at risk of developing an atypical eating disorder. This information may be of interest in developing preventive actions


Assuntos
Humanos , Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde , Saúde do Estudante , Estilo de Vida , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/epidemiologia , Estado Nutricional , Estudos Transversais , Modelos Logísticos , Comportamento Alimentar , Alcoolismo/epidemiologia , Tabagismo/epidemiologia , Autoimagem , Anorexia/epidemiologia
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