Efectividad del chaleco serigrafiado como medida para disminuir las interrupciones durante la preparación de medicación / Efficacy of the screen printed vest as a measure to reduce interruptions during preparation of medication

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad del uso de un chaleco serigrafiado en la reducción del número de interrupciones durante la preparación de medicación (PdM) en una unidad de hospitalización del Hospital Santos Reyes (Burgos, España) y la influencia de las medidas adoptadas durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2.Metodología: se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental pre-post de un solo grupo con enfermeras de hospitalización de Medicina Interna. Se recogieron n= 576 preparaciones en tres periodos: antes de usar el chaleco, con chaleco en prepandemia y con chaleco durante la pandemia (con cese de visitas, suspensión de acompañamiento y obligatoriedad de permanecer dentro de la habitación). La variable resultado principal fue el número de interrupciones. Además se recogieron variables demográficas y laborales de las enfermeras, los motivos de las interrupciones y sus consecuencias. Todas fueron autocumplimentadas en hojas tras la PdM.Resultados: se analizaron finalmente 477 hojas de PdM, excluyendo las demás por errores de cumplimentación. En los dos primeros periodos se dieron 159 (86,9%) y 126 (91,9%) interrupciones (p= 0,089) y en el tercero 132 (83,5%), reduciéndose significativamente respecto al prepandemia (p= 0,008). Las principales causas de interrupción fueron el propio personal y tecnológicos (ambos reduciéndose en pandemia; p= 0,043 y p= 0,025 respectivamente). La principal consecuencia de las interrupciones (82-85%) fue repasar la medicación, aumentando significativamente en la pandemia (p= 0,042).Conclusiones: parece que la colocación del chaleco durante la PdM no disminuye el número de interrupciones a los profesionales de Enfermería. Sin embargo, las medidas implantadas durante la pandemia SARS-CoV-2 sí reducen significativamente dichas interrupciones.(AU)

Objective: to assess the efficacy of using a screen printed vest for the reduction in the number of interruptions during preparation of medication (PoM) at a hospitalization unit from the Hospital Santos Reyes (Burgos, Spain), and the influence of the measures taken during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Methodology: a quasi-experimental study with pre-post design was conducted in a single arm with Internal Medicine hospitalization nurses. The study collected n= 576 preparations in three periods: before using the vest, with the vest before the pandemic, and with the vest during the pandemic (with no visitors or persons accompanying patients and enforced stay inside the room). The primary outcome variable was the number of interruptions. Demographical and occupational variables of nurses were also collected, as well as the reasons for the interruptions and their consequences. These were all self-completed in sheets after each PoM.Results: ultimately 477 PoM sheets were analysed; the rest were excluded due to completion errors. In the first two periods, there were 159 (86.9%) and 126 (91.9%) interruptions (p= 0.089), and 132 (83.5%) in the third, with a significant reduction vs. pre-pandemic (p= 0.008). Interruptions were mainly caused by the staff and technological reasons (both were reduced during the pandemic; p= 0.043 and p= 0.025 respectively). The main consequence of interruptions (82-85%) was reviewing the medication, with a significant increase during the pandemic (p= 0.042).Conclusions: apparently using the vest during PoM does not reduce the number of interruptions for Nursing professionals. However, the measures implemented during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic did lead to a significant reduction in said interruptions.(AU)

Patterns of medication errors involving pediatric population reported to the French Medication Error Guichet

Background: Medication error is a global threat to patient safety, particularly in pediatrics. Yet, this issue remains understudied in this population, in both hospital and community settings. Objectives: To characterize medication errors involving pediatrics reported to the French Medication Error Guichet, and compare them with medication errors in adults, in each of the hospital and community settings. Methods: This was a retrospective secondary data analysis of medication errors reported throughout 2013-2017. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed to compare actual and potential medication error reports between pediatrics (aged <18 years) and adults (aged >18 and <60 years). Two subanalyses of actual medication errors with adverse drug reaction (ADR), and serious ADR were conducted. Results: We analyzed 4,718 medication error reports. In pediatrics, both in hospital (n=791) and community (n=1,541) settings, antibacterials for systemic use (n=121, 15.7%; n=157, 10.4%, respectively) and wrong dose error type (n=391, 49.6%; n=549, 35.7%, respectively) were frequently reported in medication errors. These characteristics were also significantly more likely to be associated with reported errors in pediatrics compared with adults. In the hospital setting, analgesics (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03:2.45), and blood substitutes and perfusion solutions (aOR=3.74; 95%CI 2.24:6.25) were more likely to be associated with reported medication errors in pediatrics; the latter drug class (aOR=3.02; 95%CI 1.59:5.72) along with wrong technique (aOR=2.28; 95%CI 1.01:5.19) and wrong route (aOR=2.74; 95%CI 1.22:6.15) error types related more to reported medication errors with serious ADR in pediatrics. In the community setting, the most frequently reported pediatric medication errors involved vaccines (n=389, 25.7%) (AU)

Desarrollo y validación de la versión corta del cuestionario sobre expectativas de los efectos del alcohol (EQ-SF) / Development and validation of the alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire Short Form (EQ-SF)

Las expectativas sobre los efectos del alcohol son una variable proximal al consumo de alcohol. Uno de los instrumentos más usados y recomendados para evaluar este constructo es el Expectancy Questionnaire (EQ; Leigh y Stacy, 1993). El objetivo es desarrollar una versión corta del EQ (EQ-SF) útil para administraciones en las que el tiempo de evaluación es reducido. Dos muestras, una de adolescentes (N = 514, 57,20% mujeres) y una de adultos (N = 548, 61,50% mujeres), completaron el EQ y diversas medidas sobre consumo de alcohol. Se utilizaron diversas estrategias para seleccionar los 24 ítems. Se exploró la estructura del EQ-SF mediante análisis factoriales confirmatorios y la invarianza de medida entre sexos y grupos de edad realizando análisis multigrupo. Se calculó la fiabilidad de las escalas mediante el alfa de Cronbach y el coeficiente omega, y la validez concurrente a través de análisis de regresión. La invariancia entre grupos fue aceptable. Los coeficientes alfa y omega iban de ,77 a ,93. Las expectativas positivas predijeron la cantidad de alcohol consumida y los problemas derivados del consumo, mientras que las negativas predijeron los problemas derivados. Sexo y edad moderaron estas asociaciones. Los hombres con elevadas expectativas positivas bebían más que las mujeres, mientras que los adultos con elevadas expectativas negativas mostraron mayores problemas derivados del consumo que los adolescentes. Las diferentes fuentes de evidencia sobre la validez y fiabilidad del EQ-SF sugieren que es un instrumento adecuado para evaluar las expectativas sobre los efectos del alcohol en población española

Alcohol expectancies are proximal variables to alcohol use and misuse. In recent decades, different measures have been developed to assess this construct. One of the most frequently used and recommended instruments is the Expectancy Questionnaire (EQ; Leigh y Stacy, 1993). Our aim is to develop a short version of the EQ (EQ-SF) for suitable use in time-limited administrations. Two samples, adolescents (N = 514, 57.20% females) and adults (N = 548, 61.50% females), completed the EQ together with alcohol-use measures. Different item selection strategies were applied to select the 24 items. The EQ-SF structure was explored using confirmatory factor analysis, and measurement invariance was tested running a multi-group analysis comparing groups by sex and age. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha and omega coefficients. Concurrent validity was investigated with regression analyses. The EQ-SF showed acceptable between-groups measurement invariance. Alphas and omegas ranged from .77 to .93. Positive expectancies predicted both alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. Negative expectancies predicted alcohol-related problems. Sex and age moderated these associations. Males with high positive alcohol expectancies showed higher alcohol consumption than females, while adults with high negative alcohol expectancies showed greater alcohol-related problems than adolescents. Different evidence on the validity and reliability of the EQ-SF suggest that it is a suitable instrument to assess alcohol expectancies in the Spanish population