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1.
Enferm. glob ; 23(73): 114-131, ene. 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228890

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el estigma y la salud mental en pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer. Material y Método: Estudio correlacional con una muestra no probabilística de 250 pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer, entre 26 y 72 años (85,2% mujeres y 14,8% varones). La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo en un centro de salud privado mediante el Cuestionario de estigma percibido, experimentado e internalizado, el Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente-4 (PHQ-4), y una ficha de características sociodemográficas. El análisis de datos se realizó con el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, y se analizó la magnitud de los efectos con los criterios deGignac y Szodorai. Resultados: Se identificaron asociaciones inversas de efecto grande entre la salud mental y el estigma percibido (r = -0,362), el estigma experimentado (r = -0,413) y el estigma internalizado (r = -0,479). Conclusiones: Los resultados respaldan que, a mayor estigma percibido, experimentado e internalizado, son menores las puntuaciones en la salud mental de los pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer (AU)


Objective: To determine the relationship between stigma and mental health in patients diagnosed with cancer. Material and Methods: Correlational study with a non-probabilistic sample of 250 patients diagnosed with cancer, between 26 and 72 years of age (85.2% women and 14.8% men). Data collection was carried out in a private health center using the Perceived, Experienced and Internalized Stigma Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), and a sociodemographic characteristics form. Data analysis was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the magnitude of the effects was analyzed using the Gignac and Szodorai criteria. Results: Large effect inverse associations were identified between mental health and perceived stigma (r = -0.362), experienced stigma (r = -0.413) and internalized stigma (r = -0.479). Conclusions: The results support that the higher the perceived, experienced, and internalized stigma, the lower the mental health scores of patients with a cancer diagnosisObjective: To determine the relationship between stigma and mental health in patients diagnosed with cancer. Material and Methods: Correlational study with a non-probabilistic sample of 250 patients diagnosed with cancer, between 26 and 72 years of age (85.2% women and 14.8% men). Data collection was carried out in a private health center using the Perceived, Experienced and Internalized Stigma Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), and a sociodemographic characteristics form. Data analysis was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the magnitude of the effects was analyzed using the Gignac and Szodorai criteria. Results: Large effect inverse associations were identified between mental health and perceived stigma (r = -0.362), experienced stigma (r = -0.413) and internalized stigma (r = -0.479) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias/psicologia , Estigma Social , Saúde Mental , Estudos Transversais
2.
Quad. psicol. (Bellaterra, Internet) ; 26(1): e1963, 2024. tab
Artigo em Catalão | IBECS | ID: ibc-232354

RESUMO

L’estigma que pateixen les persones amb diagnòstics de salut mental és quelcom freqüent dins l’àmbit sanitari. Entitats i campanyes de lluita contra l’estigma han centrat els seus esforços en la disminució de la discriminació en aquest àmbit. La figura de l’activista és fonamental per tal de que les pròpies persones que han experimentat aquest estigma siguin protagonistes d’aquest canvi.El nostre objectiu en aquest estudi ha estat aprofundir en l’experiència que les i els activistes contra l’estigma en salut mental tenen en participar en accions de sensibilitza-ció al context sanitari. Hem realitzat una anàlisi temàtica d’entrevistes semiestructurades a cinc activistes. S’han identificat dos blocs temàtics: Estigma i Activisme. El bloc d’Estigma consta dels temes Prejudicis, Conductes discriminatòries i Autoestigma, mentre que el bloc d’Activisme està compost pels temes Efectes positius, Estratègies i Impacte. El present estudi ens ha permès conèixer en profunditat les experiències subjectives d’estigma dins l’àmbit sani-tari a través de l’experiència de les persones participants en campanyes per combatre’l i en-tendre per què l’activisme pot ser una estratègia beneficiosa per sensibilitzar els professionals i per al benestar i apoderament dels propis activistes. (AU)


Stigma suffered by people labelled with mental health diagnoses is something frequent within the healthcare context.Anti-stigma organizations and campaigns have focused their efforts on reducing discrimination in this area. The activist figure is fundamental for people who have experienced this stigma to be the protagonists of this change. Our aim in this study has been to deepen the experience that anti-stigma activists in mental health have when participating in actions to raise awareness in the healthcare context. We carried out a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with five activists. We identified two thematic blocks: Stigma and Activism. The Stigma block consists of the themes Prejudice, Discriminatory Behav-iours, and Self-Stigma, while the Activism block is composed of the themes Positive Effects, Strategies, and Impact. The present study has allowed us to have deeper knowledge of the subjective experiences of stigma in the healthcare field through the experience of partici-pants in campaigns to combat it, and to understand why activism can be a beneficial strategy to raise awareness among professionals and for the well-being and empowerment of the activ-ists themselves. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ativismo Político , Estigma Social , Saúde Mental , Discriminação Social
3.
Asclepio ; 75(2): e30, Juli-Dic. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228677

RESUMO

El presente artículo, construido a partir de una revisión historiográfica, aborda a la discapacidad como signo, cifrado en las corporalidades de las personas en distintos contextos geográficos y momentos históricos de occidente en los cuales, el signo de la discapacidad aparece cifrada en otros signos, como “el estigma”, “la raza”, “lo monstruoso”, “lo freak” y “lo patológico”. El abordaje de estos signos, nos permite observar como la posición social de las personas en situación de discapacidad ha ido transformándose a lo largo del tiempo, al igual que los distintos dispositivos de dominación y violencia que atravesaron y aún atraviesan, a las corporalidades y subjetividades de las personas signadas por la marca de la “otredad”.(AU)


This article, built from a historiographic review, approaches disability as a sign, encrypted in the corporealities of people in different geographical contexts and historical moments of the West in which the sign of disability appears encrypted in other signs, such as “stigma”, “race”, “the monstrous” and “the freak”. The approach to these signs allows us to observe how the social position of people with disabilities has been transformed over time, as well as the different devices of domination and violence that crossed and still cross the corporealities and subjectivities of people marked by the “otherness” mark.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoas com Deficiência , Deficiência Intelectual , Corpo Humano , Estigma Social , Anormalidades Congênitas
5.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 97: e202307059, Julio 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-223602

RESUMO

La viruela del mono es una zoonosis, que se transmite por contacto estrecho, y que ha producido recientemente un gran broteepidémico en zonas no endémicas, calificado como Emergencia de Salud Pública de importancia internacional por la OrganizaciónMundial de la Salud (OMS). La respuesta tibia y tardía a nivel global, y el enfoque estigmatizante sobre los hombres que tienen sexocon hombres (los principales afectados) promovido por la opinión pública, algunos científicos, agentes sociopolíticos y medios decomunicación, podrían ser algunos de los motivos por los que aún no se ha contenido la epidemia. El estigma asociado a la enfer-medad produce daños severos en sus víctimas y dificulta las acciones dirigidas al control de la enfermedad, como ya ocurrió conel VIH. Para limitar el estigma y contener el brote, los científicos deben dirigir la difusión de información científicamente validada,educar a la población sobre prevención, sobre sintomatología, sobre cómo actuar en caso de sospecha y sobre la importancia de noestigmatizar. También se debe actuar sobre las víctimas del estigma para eliminar sus consecuencias y fomentar su autoeficacia. Lasintervenciones de salud deben realizarse con los actores políticos y sociales para integrar la evidencia en la normativa y procedimientos, así como para facilitar la acción de la Salud Pública. Asimismo, los expertos deben colaborar con los medios de comunicaciónpara facilitar una comunicación en salud adecuada y amonestar las malas prácticas. De igual forma, se debe mejorar la relaciónentre organizaciones y profesionales sanitarios e individuos estigmatizados para optimizar su acceso y retención en los sistemassanitarios. El objetivo del presente estudio fue hacer una revisión sobre la respuesta estigmatizante de algunos agentes políticos, demedios de comunicación y de la opinión social ante la epidemia de viruela del mono, exponer las graves consecuencias del estigma...AU)


Monkeypox is a zoonosis, which is transmitted by direct and close contact, and has recently produced a large epidemic outbreak innonendemic areas, classified as a Public Health Emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. The globaldoubting and delayed response, and the stigmatizing approach to men who have sex with men promoted by public opinion, somescientists, sociopolitical agents, and the media, could be some of the reasons why the epidemic has not yet been contained. Thestigma around the disease produces severe injuries to its victims and obstructs actions aimed at controlling the disease, as occurredwith HIV in the past. To limit stigma and contain the outbreak, scientists should lead the diffusion of scientifically validated information, educate the population about prevention, symptoms, how to react in case of suspicion and the importance of not contributingto others’ stigmatization. Interventions must also be conducted on victims of stigma to counter act its consequences and encouragetheir selfefficacy. Public health interventions should be carried out in collaboration with political and social actors to integrateevidence into regulations and procedures and facilitate public health interventions. Experts should also work together with the mediato facilitate proper health communication and warn about bad practices. Similarly, the relationship between organizations and healthprofessionals and stigmatized individuals must be improved to optimize their access and retention in health systems. The objective ofthis study was to review the stigmatizing response of some political agents, the media and social opinion to the Monkeypox epidemic,to highlight the consequences of stigma on the patients and the control of the disease. And to establish a series of recommendationsto treat this situation effectively through a non-stigmatizing approach.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Zoonoses/tratamento farmacológico , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero , Varíola dos Macacos/tratamento farmacológico , Surtos de Doenças , Discriminação Social , Estigma Social , Saúde Pública , Comunicação em Saúde , Epidemias
6.
Sanid. mil ; 79(2): 129-135, jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-230415

RESUMO

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sobre el estigma asociado a los problemas de salud mental en el contexto militar. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura empleando las bases de datos PubMed, Psycinfo y Scielo con las palabras clave mental health, stigma y military personnel desde 2016 hasta 2022. Resultados: Se obtuvieron un total de 84 artículos potencialmente relevantes, y tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión, se seleccionaron los 22 artículos sobre los que se analizan los resultados (n=31789) y se extraen las conclusiones. Conclusiones: El estigma asociado a los problemas de salud mental es un fenómeno que dificulta la búsqueda de ayuda psicológica para resolverlos. Se encuentra mayor presencia de este estigma en la población militar que en la civil, y mayor reticencia a buscar tratamiento. Se han identificado variables que actúan facilitando o dificultando la decisión de buscar ayuda profesional en la población militar. Algunos ejércitos están implementando campañas anti-estigma. No se encontraron estudios realizados en las Fuerzas Armadas Españolas. (AU)


Objective: To conduct a review on the stigma associated with mental health problems in the current military context. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out using the databases PubMed, Psycinfo and Scielo with the keywords “mental health”, “stigma” and “military personnel” from 2016 to 2022. Results: A total of 84 potentially relevant articles were obtained, and after applying the inclusion criteria, the 22 articles on which the results are analyzed (n=31789) were selected and conclusions are drawn. Conclusions: The stigma associated with mental health problems is a phenomenon that hinders the search for psychological help to solve them. This stigma is found to be more prevalent in the military population than in the civilian population, and there is greater reluctance to seek treatment. Variables have been identified that facilitate or hinder the decision to seek professional help in the military population. Some armies are implementing anti-stigma campaigns. No studies were found in the Spanish Armed Forces. (AU)


Assuntos
Estigma Social , Saúde Mental , Ciência Militar , Medicina Militar
7.
Int. j. psychol. psychol. ther. (Ed. impr.) ; 23(2): 161-173, jun. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-221216

RESUMO

Münchhausen’s syndrome by proxy (MSBP) is a form of child abuse characterized by the primary caregiver of a minor simulating or fabricating symptoms in him/her of a physical, psychiatric type or both. The aim is to study the attitudes of the general population towards SMP, determining whether there are differences according to variables, as well as attachment, family structure, levels of anxiety, and the degree of contact with people diagnosed with mental disorders. Have been selected 268 Spanish subjects participated (153 females, M= 33.08 years, SD= 13.875) by opinion sampling. Significant differences were found in attitudes towards SMP as a function of educational level, presence of disorganized attachment indicators, family structure and S/A levels. This study contributes to the analysis of the attitudes of the general population towards the SMP and to its better understanding (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome de Munchausen Causada por Terceiro/psicologia , Percepção Social , Estigma Social , Atitude , Inquéritos e Questionários
9.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(3): 521-528, may.-jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222012

RESUMO

Introducción: se ha demostrado que la ingesta alimentaria es uno de los principales factores que influyen en el incremento del peso y que el estigma de peso contribuye a una mayor alimentación emocional. Sin embargo, los factores que median esta relación han sido menos estudiados. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la relación que existe entre estigma de peso y alimentación emocional, y si esta relación está mediada por la internalización del sesgo de peso y el malestar psicológico. Métodos: una muestra no probabilística de 332 personas de población general (192 mujeres y 140 hombres) respondió instrumentos psicológicos de autorreporte y proporcionó medidas antropométricas. Resultados: por medio de un análisis de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), se identificaron relaciones directas, entre las que destaca la relación del estigma de peso y alimentación emocional (β = 0,422, p < 0,001), además de la relación indirecta entre estas variables mediante la internalización del sesgo de peso y malestar psicológico (βindirecto = 0,016, p = < 0,05). El modelo tuvo buenos indicadores de bondad de ajuste y explicó un 85 % de la varianza. Conclusión: los resultados muestran la importancia de incluir variables psicológicas y conductuales en el tratamiento de la alimentación emocional en personas con sobrepeso y obesidad, así como de abordar estos temas desde políticas públicas para disminuir el estigma asociado que aún impera en la sociedad. (AU)


Introduction: dietary intake has been shown to be one of the main factors influencing weight gain, and weight stigma contributes to increased emotional eating. However, the factors that mediate this relationship have been less studied. Objective: the aim of this study was to identify the relationship between weight stigma and emotional eating, and whether this relationship is mediated by internalizing weight bias and psychological distress. Methods: a non-probabilistic sample of 332 people from the general population (192 women and 140 men) answered self-report psychological instruments and provided anthropometric measurements. Results: through structural equation analysis (SEM), direct relationships were identified, among which the relationship between weight stigma and emotional eating stands out (β = 0.422, p < 0.001), in addition to the indirect relationship between these variables mediated by internalized weight bias and psychological distress (βindirect = 0.016, p = < 0.05). The model had good indicators of goodness of fit and explained 85 % of the variance. Conclusion: the results show the importance of including psychological and behavioral variables in the treatment of emotional eating in people with overweight and obesity, as well as addressing these issues from public policies to reduce the associated stigma that still prevails in society. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estigma Social , Peso Corporal , Aumento de Peso , Preconceito , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Estudos Longitudinais , Chile
10.
Sanid. mil ; 79(2): 129-135, jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-EMG-598

RESUMO

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sobre el estigma asociado a los problemas de salud mental en el contexto militar. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura empleando las bases de datos PubMed, Psycinfo y Scielo con las palabras clave mental health, stigma y military personnel desde 2016 hasta 2022. Resultados: Se obtuvieron un total de 84 artículos potencialmente relevantes, y tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión, se seleccionaron los 22 artículos sobre los que se analizan los resultados (n=31789) y se extraen las conclusiones. Conclusiones: El estigma asociado a los problemas de salud mental es un fenómeno que dificulta la búsqueda de ayuda psicológica para resolverlos. Se encuentra mayor presencia de este estigma en la población militar que en la civil, y mayor reticencia a buscar tratamiento. Se han identificado variables que actúan facilitando o dificultando la decisión de buscar ayuda profesional en la población militar. Algunos ejércitos están implementando campañas anti-estigma. No se encontraron estudios realizados en las Fuerzas Armadas Españolas. (AU)


Objective: To conduct a review on the stigma associated with mental health problems in the current military context. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out using the databases PubMed, Psycinfo and Scielo with the keywords “mental health”, “stigma” and “military personnel” from 2016 to 2022. Results: A total of 84 potentially relevant articles were obtained, and after applying the inclusion criteria, the 22 articles on which the results are analyzed (n=31789) were selected and conclusions are drawn. Conclusions: The stigma associated with mental health problems is a phenomenon that hinders the search for psychological help to solve them. This stigma is found to be more prevalent in the military population than in the civilian population, and there is greater reluctance to seek treatment. Variables have been identified that facilitate or hinder the decision to seek professional help in the military population. Some armies are implementing anti-stigma campaigns. No studies were found in the Spanish Armed Forces. (AU)


Assuntos
Estigma Social , Saúde Mental , Ciência Militar , Medicina Militar
11.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 46(4): 29-32, abr. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219131

RESUMO

Las personas con problemas de salud mental y/o por consumo de sustancias padecen un trato discriminatorio, de rechazo y exclusión dentro de los ámbitos de atención a la salud. Nuestra experiencia y la literatura existente son una demostración que durante los procesos e intervenciones de enfermería hacia esta población, aparecen actitudes negativas y estigmatizantes, que al mismo tiempo son adquiridas por los estudiantes universitarios de enfermería durante su proceso formativo. En este artículo, como enfermeras docentes y asistenciales, reflexionamos sobre el impacto negativo del estigma en dichas intervenciones de enfermería y la importancia de la formación específica en estudiantes y enfermeras para mejorar la relación con personas con trastorno mental y por consumo de sustancias. Para mitigar el estigma que sufren estas personas es necesario fomentar planes docentes universitarios que contemplen el cuidado y atención de este tipo de patologías de forma integral, inclusiva y respetuosa. (AU)


People with mental and substance use disorders are systematically discriminated against, rejected and excluded in healthcare settings. Our experience and the existing literature show that negative and stigmatising attitudes can be generated during nursing processes and interventions towards this population, which at the same time are acquired by university nursing students during their training process. In this article, as teaching and care nurses, we reflect on the negative impact of stigma on nursing care and the importance of specific training for students and nurses. to improve the relationship with people with mental and substance use disorders. To mitigate stigma in these populations, it is necessary to promote university teaching plans that contemplate the inclusion of this type of disorders in a comprehensive manner. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Mental , Usuários de Drogas , Estigma Social , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Educação em Enfermagem , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias
12.
Clín. salud ; 34(1): 23-34, mar. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-217516

RESUMO

Introduction: This review focuses on social stigma associated with mental health problems in Spain in recent years. Method: A systematic search was conducted in SCOPUS, PsycInfo and Pubmed from 2010 to 2021. Twenty-six articles met inclusion criteria, and their quality was assessed following the STROBE-checklist. Results: In the Spanish population, stigmatising dynamics are detected in three dimensions of stigma: cognitive (beliefs of dangerousness, unpredictability, irresponsibility); emotional (prejudices and emotions of fear, anger, blaming for the psychological problem); and behavioural (discriminatory behaviours, avoidance, coercion). The results also show significant levels of stigma among health professionals. In contrast, those who have contact with mental health problems, or are trained in mental health, tend to show lower stigma. Conclusions: Longitudinal studies with rigorous methodology are needed to access strong empirical evidence in this field. Contact and education may be relevant factors in programming interventions, both in the general population and in health professionals. (AU)


Introducción: Esta revisión se centra en el estigma social asociado a los problemas de salud mental en España en los últimos años. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en SCOPUS, PsycInfo y Pubmed de 2010 a 2021. Veintiséis artículos cumplían los criterios de inclusión y su calidad se evaluó siguiendo la lista de comprobación STROBE. Resultados. En la población española se detectan dinámicas estigmatizadoras en tres dimensiones del estigma: cognitiva (creencias de peligrosidad, imprevisibilidad, irresponsabilidad), emocional (prejuicios y emociones de miedo, ira, culpabilización del problema psicológico) y conductual (conductas discriminatorias, evitación, coacción). Los resultados también muestran niveles significativos de estigma entre los profesionales sanitarios. Por el contrario, aquellas personas que tienen contacto con problemas de salud mental o están formadas en el tema tienden a mostrar un menor estigma. Conclusiones: Se necesitan estudios longitudinales con una metodología rigurosa para acceder a evidencia empírica sólida en este campo. El contacto y la educación pueden ser factores relevantes a la hora de programar intervenciones antiestigma, tanto en la población general como en los profesionales sanitarios. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Estigma Social , Saúde Mental , Preconceito , Discriminação Social , Espanha , Atitude
13.
Eur. j. psychiatry ; 37(1): 24-35, enero 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213938

RESUMO

Background and objectivesPerceived stigma related to infectious diseases is of public health importance and can adversely impact patients' physical and mental health. This study aims to identify the level of perceived stigma among COVID-19 survivors in Qatar and investigate its predictors.MethodsAn analytical cross-sectional design was employed. Four hundred and four participants who had a positive COVID-19 PCR test were randomly selected from medical records. The selected participants were interviewed to collect sociodemographic and health-related information. Perceived stigma was assessed using the COVID-19 perceived stigma scale-22 (CPSS-22) that was developed by the researchers. A descriptive analysis followed by a bivariate analysis investigated possible associations between the perceived stigma levels and independent variables. A multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression to identify any significant associations with perceived stigma. The validity and reliability of the developed tool were also tested.ResultsThe prevalence of COVID-19 perceived stigma was twenty-six percent (n = 107, 26.4%) at 95% CI [22.4–30.4]. Factors associated with higher COVID-19 perceived stigma were male gender, being a manual worker, non-Arabic ethnicity, low educational level, living alone, and being isolated outside the home. However, only occupation, ethnicity, and low educational level predicted COVID-19 perceived stigma in multivariable analysis. The CPSS-22 showed excellent reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.92).ConclusionPerceived stigma was relatively common among participants. Designing programs and interventions targeting male manual workers and those of low-educational levels may assist policymakers in mitigating the stigma related to COVID-19. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Estigma Social , Estereotipagem , Catar
14.
Eur. j. psychiatry ; 37(1): 44-62, enero 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213940

RESUMO

Background and objectives: This systematic review aimed to investigate the experiences and opinions of people with mental illness regarding the role of telemedicine in their treatment.MethodsTo be eligible, studies were required to include people between 18 and 65 years of age with mental illness, defined as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or personality disorder. It was further required that the patients’ experiences of the telehealth solutions were reported. Between April 5, 2020, and June 29, 2020 (renewed November 10, 2021), the CINAHL electronic database was searched. Using the OVID search engine, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were likewise searched; gray literature was retrieved from Scopus. The included studies were critically appraised using the CASP checklists.ResultsSeventeen studies were included. Treatment provided via telehealth technology offered people with mental illness insights and skills that helped them cope better in everyday life. The patient—therapist relationship was improved where the parties collaborated. Furthermore, gaining control of one's mental health by using an app and following one's development empowered people with mental illness, leading to greater involvement in treatment.ConclusionsEngaging people with mental illness in decisions concerning the use of telehealth technology is essential. It is likewise important that both people with mental illness and health professionals have access to help with the implementation of technology, and that telehealth solutions function as a supplement rather than a substitute for face-to-face treatment. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Telemedicina , Direitos Humanos , Estigma Social , Saúde Mental
15.
Enferm. glob ; 22(69): 105-118, ene. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-214860

RESUMO

Introducción: Diversos estudios analizaron el estigma en estudiantes o en profesionales sanitarios hacia personas con enfermedades mentales. Sin embargo, no hay evidencia que lo estudie en residentes en Formación Sanitaria Especializada (FSE). Objetivo: Este trabajo pretende evaluar el grado de estigma de residentes en especialidades clínicas, la formación recibida en materia «antiestigma» durante la residencia y su influencia sobre las creencias y actitudes que tenían en el primer y último año de la especialidad. Material y métodos: Diseño descriptivo transversal en una muestra de 250 residentes de enfermería, medicina y psicología clínica: 141 en el primer año de especialidad y 109 en el último, seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio proporcional al total de residentes en cada año. Para medir el estigma se utilizó la escala CAMI-S y para las variables sociodemográficas un cuestionario de elaboración propia. Ambos se crearon en la aplicación FORMS y se enviaron por correo electrónico. Se obtuvo la media y desviación estándar (DE) en «Integración y contacto», «Distancia social», «Peligrosidad y evitación», y Estigma global. Puntuación global sin estigma entre 80-100. Resultados: Tasa de respuesta del 57,6%: 72,2% mujeres, 23-28 años el 64,6%, 54,2% en primer año, 51,4% especialidad médica y de enfermería el 29,9%. El 20,1% había recibido formación «antiestigma». Media global de estigma de 86,7 (DE=8,5); de 87,3 (DE=7,9) en primer año y 86,1(DE=9,1) en último año (P=0,398); de 90,0 (DE=8,2) si recibieron formación y 86,1 (DE=8,4) si no la recibieron (p=0,027). (AU)


Introduction: Several studies have analysed social stigma among medical and nurse students or health care workers towards people with mental disorders. However, there is no evidence of social stigma training in residents during their specialised health training (FSE). Objective: This study aims to evaluate social stigma in residents in clinical specialities, the “anti-stigma” training during their residency, and its influence on the beliefs and attitudes they had in the first and last year of specialisation. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study in a sample of 250 residents of nursing, medicine, and clinical psychology: 141 in the first year of speciality and 109 in the last year, selected by random sampling proportional to the total number of residents in each year. The CAMI-S scale was used to measure social stigma, and a self-made questionnaire was used for sociodemographic variables. Both were created in the FORMS app and sent via email. The mean and standard deviation (SD) were obtained for “integration and contact”, “social distance”, “dangerousness and avoidance”, and overall stigma. Overall score for no stigma was between 80-100. Results: Response rate of 57.6%: 72.2% women, 64.6% 23-28 years old, 54.2% in the first year, 51.4% medical specialisation and 29.9% nursing. Only 20.1% had received “anti-stigma” training. Overall mean stigma of 86.7 (SD=8.5); 87.3 (SD=7.9) in the first year and 86.1 (SD=9.1) in the last year (P=0.398); 90.0 (SD=8.2) if they received training and 86.1 (SD=8.4) if they did not (p=0.027). (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Saúde Mental , Estigma Social , Estudos Transversais , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Mudança Social
16.
Psicol. conduct ; 31(3): 597-611, 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228382

RESUMO

El conocimiento sobre los problemas de salud mental y el contacto previo son variables clave en la lucha contra el estigma. Los objetivos del estudio fueron: (1) explorar el nivel de estigma asociado a los trastornos mentales en estudiantes de diferentes Grados universitarios y (2) analizar la evolución del estigma en estudiantes de Psicología. Dos grupos completaron el “Cuestionario de atribución” (AQ-27). El grupo 1 compuesto por 392 estudiantes de primer curso de los diferentes grados evaluados (Medad= 18,59 años; DT= 1,29; 60% mujeres), y el grupo 2 por 152 estudiantes de tercer curso de Psicología (Medad= 24,35 años; DT= 8,97; 73,4% mujeres). Los estudiantes del grupo 1 con contacto previo con trastornos mentales mostraron actitudes menos estigmatizantes. Se observaron diferencias en función del Grado cursado. El grupo 2 mostró menores niveles de estigma a lo largo del curso académico. Los resultados apoyan la eficacia que la formación en salud mental y las intervenciones de sensibilización mediante el contacto con personas con problemas de salud mental, pueden tener en la reducción del estigma. (AU)


Knowledge about mental health problems and previous contact are key variables in the fight against stigma. The aims of the study were: (1) to explore the level of stigma associated with mental disorders in students of different university degrees, and (2) to analyse the evolution of stigma in psychology students. Two groups completed the Attribution Questionnaire (AQ-27). Group 1 consisted of 392 first-year students of the different degrees evaluated (Mage= 18.59 years, SD=1.29, 60% female), and group 2 consisted of 152 third-year Psychology undergraduates (Mage= 24.35 years, SD= 8.97, 73.4% female). Group 1 students with previous contact with mental disorders showed less stigmatising attitudes. Differences were observed according to grade level. Group 2 showed lower levels of stigma throughout the academic year. The results support the effectiveness that mental health education and awareness-raising interventions through contact with people with mental health problems can have in reducing stigma. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Estigma Social , Saúde Mental , Estudantes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Espanha , Universidades , Transtornos Mentais
17.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228450

RESUMO

En un contexto de sistema de género colonial, los estudios del trabajo sexual autónomo han sido objeto histórico de discursos polarizados, al considerarse hegemónicamente como una forma de violencia y en menor medida una opción en un contexto restringido, que es necesario reconocer y regular. Partimos del vacío de estudios sobre el impacto emocional y físico del estigma acumulado en torno al trabajo sexual, entendido este como una forma de violencia simbólica. Realizamos un estudio cualitativo a través de entrevistas en profundidad, a cinco mujeres mayores cisgénero y trans* que ejercen el trabajo sexual. El objetivo es indagar la construcción situada por parte de sus protagonistas, de los significados otorgados a su mundo cotidiano y a la actividad que realizan. Los resultados ahondan en la tensión y articulación entre procesos de agenciamiento y de victimización. (AU)


Within the context of a colonial gender system, studies of autonomous sex work have historically been the object of polarized discourses, as they are considered hegemonically as a form of violence or, to a lesser extent, as an option in a restricted context, which needs to be recognized and regulated. Our stating point is the lack of studies on the emotional and physical impact of the stigma accumulated around sex work, understood as a form of symbolic violence. We carried out a qualitative study through in-depth interviews with five older cisgender and trans* women sex workers. The objective is to investigate the situated construction by its protagonists, of the meanings given to their daily world and to the activity they carry out. The results delve into the tension and articulation between processes of agency and victimization. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Trabalho Sexual/psicologia , Estigma Social , Feminismo , Emoções
19.
Actas esp. psiquiatr ; 50(5): 216-225, septiembre 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-211143

RESUMO

Introducción: El estigma asociado a los problemas psicológicos es una cuestión preocupante que afecta negativamente a las personas que conviven con diferentes sintomatologías, en ocasiones con graves consecuencias para susalud. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue realizar unarevisión sistemática actualizada para explorar la relación entre el estigma asociado a los problemas de salud mental y elriesgo de suicidio en la población clínica, así como estudiarlas variables implicadas en esta relación.Método. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datosPsycInfo, Pubmed y Scopus, utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con el estigma, el suicidio, y limitando los estudiosa muestras clínicas. La búsqueda incluyó artículos en inglés yespañol desde enero de 2012 hasta diciembre de 2020.Resultados. Un total de 12 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y fueron seleccionados para el análisis. Losresultados sugieren que el aumento del auto estigma hacialos problemas de salud mental se asocia con un mayor riesgo de suicidio en población clínica. Asimismo, se sugierenvariables implicadas en esta relación, como la depresión, ladesesperanza, la pérdida de sentido vital, el desempleo o ladisminución de las redes de apoyo. (AU)


Background: Stigma associated with psychological problems is a major concern that negatively affects people living with different symptomatology, sometimes with seriousconsequences for their health. The principal purpose of thispaper was to carry out an updated systematic review to explore the relationship between the stigma associated withmental health problems and the risk of suicide in the clinicalpopulation, as well as to study the variables involved in thisrelationship.Method. A search was carried out in the PsycInfo, Pubmed and Scopus databases, using keywords related to stigma, suicide, and limiting the studies to clinical samples. Thesearch included articles in English and Spanish from January2012 to December 2020.Results. A total of 12 articles met the inclusion criteriaand were selected for analysis. The results suggest that increased self-stigma toward mental health problems is associated with increased risk of suicide in clinical population.Also, variables involved in this relationship are suggested,such as depression, hopelessness, loss of vital sense, unemployment or decrease of support networks. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos Mentais/patologia , Saúde Mental , Estigma Social , Suicídio , Depressão
20.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 33(3): 175-179, sept. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219838

RESUMO

Objetivos: Analizar el estigma asociado a la enfermedad mental. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión integradora de carácter descriptivo, realizando una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con el estigma social, el estigma personal y la enfermedad mental. Resultados: Tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión establecidos, se seleccionaron y estudiaron un total de 21 artículos. Conclusiones: La literatura consultada muestra que el estigma hacia los trastornos mentales sigue siendo un problema en la sociedad actual, y que acarrea graves consecuencias tanto para los pacientes como para sus familiares (AU)


Objectives: To analyze the stigma associated with mental illness. Methodology: An integrative descriptive review was carried out. The bibliographic search was accomplished using keywords related to social stigma, personal stigma and mental illness. Results: After applying the established inclusion criteria, a total of 21 articles were selected and studied. Conclusions: The spoted literature shows that stigma towards mental disorders continues to be a problem in today’s society, and that it has serious consequences for both patients and their families (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Estigma Social , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Autoimagem , Estereotipagem
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