What drives pharmacists’ turnover intention: A systematic review

Background: Pharmacist turnover can negatively impact not only on work efficiency, organizational performance, work productivity and customer satisfaction, but also on the quality of pharmaceutical services and patient safety. Turnover intention is a core antecedent of turnover. Turnover intention of the pharmacists is affected by many factors related to their organization or job. Objective: To elaborate the factors affecting the pharmacists’ turnover intention and their associations. Studies related to any factors affecting pharmacists’ turnover intention in all pharmacy settings were included. The QualSyst assessment tool was used for assessing the quality of the included studies. Result: For this systematic review, 3,822 studies were identified. Of these studies, 20 studies were included. Thirty factors were explored and a model for pharmacists’ turnover intention was produced. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, career commitment, job stress, perceived organizational support, and work climate were frequently found as drivers to pharmacist turnover intention. Some of 24 other factors had both direct and indirect effects on pharmacist turnover intention via organizational commitment, job satisfaction, career commitment, job stress, and perceived organizational support. Many studies have reported that organizational commitment and job satisfaction had significant influence on pharmacist turnover intention in all settings. Job stress and work climate had direct and indirect effects on turnover intention of hospital pharmacists. Career commitment and perceived organizational support had direct and indirect effects on community pharmacist turnover intention (AU)

Analyzing Sportsman Intentions to Stay in a Team from Branding and Talent Management Perspective in China: Mediating Role of Player Recruitment Strategy, Sports Team Climate and Career Success / Analizar las intenciones de los deportistas de permanecer en un equipo desde la perspectiva de la marca y la gestión del talento en China: papel mediador de la estrategia de reclutamiento de jugadores, clima del equipo deportivo y éxito profesional

The most important goal of successful human resource management of a sports organization is to ensure the intention of the players to stay in the organization and to attract talented players from outside. The basic purpose of the current study is to explore the impact of sports employer branding orientation and talent management on players’ intention to stay along with the mediating impact of effective recruitment strategy, sports team climate and subjective career success. In other words, this study has been designed to understand the ways through which the retention and attraction levels of talented players can be increased. For this purpose, data has been collected from 394 players that are playing for different football clubs in China. The results indicate that player branding orientation has a positive but an insignificant impact on players’ intention to stay. However, the impact of the other independent variable i.e. talent management has a significant and positive impact on player intention to stay. As far as the mediating variables are considered, it has been found out in the results that all the mediating variables i.e. effective recruitment strategy, sports team climate and subjective career success have significant mediating impact in both cases i.e. in the relationship between sports employer branding orientation and player intention to stay; and in the relationship between talent management and player intention to stay. Various theoretical, practical and policy-making implications of this study have been thoroughly discussed by the researcher in the concluding sections.(AU)

Attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine hesitancy and intention to take the vaccine

BACKGROUND: The pandemic is at a paradoxical stage, with vaccine roll out initiated but a significantly elevated level of infection and death. Hope for recovery lies in high equitable vaccine uptake. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to: i) explore attitudes and factors influencing attitudes, towards the COVID-19 vaccine amongst people living in Malta, ii) identify the reasons as to why individuals are unsure or unwilling to take the vaccine. METHODS: Two consecutive, short, anonymous online surveys using social media platforms were used to gather data from adult individuals. The first study was open to residents in Malta, while the second study invited international participation. Study 1 consisted of 17 questions inspired by the Theories of Planned Behaviour and Reasoned Action. Study 2 asked participates whether they were willing, unwilling or unsure of taking the vaccine and their reasons for being unsure or unwilling. RESULTS: A total of 2,529 individuals participated in Study 1 and 834 in Study 2. In both studies respondents were predominantly female having a tertiary education. Over 50% declared that they were willing to take the vaccine, with males being more willing (t=5.83, df=1164.2, p < 0.00005). Opinions of significant others- family and friends (r=0.22, p < 0.005) and health professionals (r=0.74, p < 0.005) were associated with willingness to take the vaccine. Vaccine hesitancy was present in the study population with 32.6% being unsure and 15.6% declaring that they were not willing to take the vaccine. Females were more likely to be unsure (Chi-squared=14.63, df=4, p = 0.006). Lack of vaccine safety was the main reason cited for unwillingness to take the vaccine. Predictors for willingness to take the vaccine were: i) The belief that the COVID-19 vaccine will protect the health of the people who take it; ii) Valuing the advice of health professionals regarding the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine; iii) Having taken the influenza vaccine last year and; iv) Encouraging their elderly parents to take the vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 vaccination information campaigns should promote group strategies, focusing on emphasising the safety of the vaccine and offer reassurance, especially to women

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Naïve definitions of action and inaction: a study of free associations using natural language processing and top-down coding / Definiciones Naïve de Acción e Inacción: un Estudio de Asociaciones Libres Realizado con Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural y Codificación Jerárquica

BACKGROUND: Even though the terms "action" and "inaction" have been used to describe objects of attitudes, behaviors, and goals, the meaning of action and inaction for lay people has not been investigated. METHOD: In Study 1, participants were asked to spontaneously generate words and behaviors associated with action or inaction. In Studies 2 and 3, participants were presented with behaviors and asked to report whether each behavior involved agency, effort, and change. RESULTS: Natural language processing of the responses from Study 1 revealed lay conceptualizations included topics related to occurrence, agency, effort, and change. In Studies 2 and 3, simple regressions showed agency, effort, and change correlated with judgments of action and inaction. However, once these predictors were simultaneously entered into a multiple regression, effort captured most of the variance. CONCLUSIONS: These fi ndings suggest that, even though agency and change are important to the defi nition of action and inaction, effort is Paramount

Naïve de Acción e Inacción: un Estudio de Asociaciones Libres Realizado con Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural y Codifi cación Jerárquica. ANTECEDENTES: pese a que los términos "acción" e "inacción" se han utilizado para describir objetos de actitudes, comportamientos y metas, no se ha investigado el significado de acción e inacción para los ciudadanos de a pie. MÉTODO: en el Estudio 1 se pidió a los participantes que generaran espontáneamente palabras y comportamientos asociados con la acción o la inacción. En los Estudios 2 y 3 se presentaron comportamientos y los participantes reportaron si cada comportamiento involucraba intencionalidad, esfuerzo y cambio. RESULTADOS: un procesamiento de lenguaje natural de las respuestas del Estudio 1 reveló conceptualizaciones naïve que incluían temas relacionados con la ocurrencia, la intencionalidad, el esfuerzo y el cambio. En los Estudios 2 y 3, regresiones simples mostraron que las dimensiones de intencionalidad, esfuerzo y cambio se correlacionaban con juicios de acción e inacción. Sin embargo, una vez que estos predictores se incluyeron simultáneamente en una regresión múltiple, el esfuerzo capturó la mayor parte de la varianza. CONCLUSIÓN: estos hallazgos sugieren que aunque el cambio y la intencionalidad son importantes para la defi nición de acción e inacción, la dimensión de esfuerzo es primordial

The effect of balanced counseling strategy family planning against attitude, subjective norm, and intentions on the use of modern contraception behavior in the Singgani Public Health Center work area of Palu city

Objective: There is a declining trend in the use of modern contraception in the community. The stagnation of family planning services is due to the lack of optimal family planning counseling. Family Planning Balanced Counseling Strategy (FP-BCS) is a family planning counseling that is practical, interactive, and encourages client participation. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the FP–BCS on attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions on modern contraception in the working area of Singgani Health Center, Palu, Indonesia. Method: This research was a quasi-experimental with non-randomized pretest-posttest along to control group design. The sample of the study was third-trimester pregnant women who did antenatal care in the working area of the Singgani Community Health Center. The total sample was 17 respondents for each group; intervention group (treated by Maternal and Child Health (MCH) book and FP-BCS) and control group (treated by MCH Book without FP-BCS). The influence of FP-BCS toward attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions on modern contraception was statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, McNemar, Mann–Whitney, and Chi-Square. Result: The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and McNemar analysis on the intervention group showed an increase in attitude (p = 0.000), subjective norms (p = 0.000), and intention (p = 0.000). The control group showed an increase in intention (0.031), subjective norms (p = 0.005), but there was no increase in attitude (p = 0.081). The Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square analysis showed differences in attitudes (p = 0.000), subjective norms (p = 0.021), and intentions (p = 0.010) between groups, which were given an FP-BSC and those not given an FP-BCS. Conclusion: All in all, it is expected that Family Planning-Balanced Counseling Strategy will be an option in providing family planning counseling. (AU)

Procrastinación y salud / Procrastination and health

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El derecho a ser donante de órganos es una responsabilidad de todos / The right to be an organ donor is the responsibility of us all

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A three-wave longitudinal study of moderated mediation between perceptions of politics and employee turnover intentions: the role of job anxiety and political skills / Un estudio longitudinal en tres oleadas de la mediación moderada entre las percepciones de la política y las intenciones de abandono de los empleados: el papel de la ansiedad en el puesto y las habilidades políticas

This study examined a longitudinal moderated mediation model for answering the question of how and why perceptions of organizational politics influence turnover intentions, and how employees' political skills are contingent upon this relationship by reducing job anxiety. Data were gathered in three waves from employees in the banking sector (N = 347). The results of multiple linear regression analyses indicate that job anxiety mediates the relationship between perceptions of politics and turnover intentions, and employees' political skills reduce turnover intentions by weakening the effect of perceptions of politics on job anxiety. This study contributes to human resource management and organizational psychology literature by explaining moderated mediation mechanisms through which perceptions of organizational politics affect employee turnover intentions

Este estudio examinó un modelo longitudinal de mediación moderada para responder a la pregunta de cómo y por qué las percepciones de la política organizacional influyen en las intenciones de abandono y de qué modo las habilidades políticas de los empleados con contingentes en esta relación para deducir la ansiedad en el puesto. Los datos de empleados del sector bancario (N=347) se obtuvieron en tres oleadas. Los resultados de los análisis de regresión linear múltiple indican que la ansiedad en el puesto media la relación entre las percepciones de la política y las intenciones de abandono, y que las habilidades políticas de los empleados reducen las intenciones de abandono al debilitar el efecto de las percepciones de la política sobre la ansiedad en el puesto. El estudio contribuye a la literatura sobre gestión de recursos humanos y psicología organizacional al explicar los mecanismos de mediación moderada a través de los cuales las percepciones de la política organizacional influyen en las intenciones de abandono de los empleados

Memory for future actions: the effect of prospective memory on an explicit and implicit memory task / Recuerdo de acciones futuras: efecto de la memoria prospectiva en una tarea explícita e implícita de memoria

INTRODUCTION: In the field of retrospective memory, an explicit and implicit memory are known to exist. This study analyses the effect of the prospective memory on a recognition task and a lexical decision task. METHOD: In experiment 1 (n = 78, of which 39 belonged to the experimental group and 39 belonged to the control group), a recognition task was followed by an intentional task, as well as an incidental free recall task. In experiment 2 (n = 74, of which 37 belonged to the experimental group and 37 belonged to the control group), repetition priming was studied during a lexical decision task, followed by an intentional task. The data were analysed using a mixed ANOVA. RESULTS: Experiment 1 showed active monitoring of the prospective memory task accompanied by a recollective search process during the recognition task. The group which carried out the prospective task also showed better scores in the incidental free recall task. Experiment 2 showed active monitoring and repetition priming during the lexical decision task. CONCLUSION: While the prospective memory affects the performance in both concurrent tasks, it does not affect the recollective search process or repetition priming

INTRODUCCIÓN: en el campo de la memoria retrospectiva se conoce la existencia de la memoria explícita e implícita. Este estudio analiza el efecto de la memoria prospectiva en una tarea de reconocimiento y una tarea de decisión léxica. MÉTODO: en el experimento 1 (n = 78, de los cuales 39 pertenecían al grupo experimental y 39 al grupo control) una tarea de reconocimiento fue seguida de una tarea intencional, así como de una tarea de recuerdo libre incidental. En el experimento 2 (n =74, de los cuales 37 pertenecían al grupo experimental y 37 al grupo control) se estudió el priming de repetición durante una tarea de decisión léxica, seguido de una tarea intencional. Los datos fueron analizados con un ANOVA mixto. RESULTADOS: el experimento 1 mostró una monitorización de la tarea de memoria prospectiva junto a procesos de búsqueda recolectiva durante la tarea de reconocimiento. Asimismo, el grupo que llevó a cabo la tarea prospectiva mostró mejores puntuaciones en la tarea de recuerdo libre incidental. El experimento 2 mostró monitorización y priming de repetición durante la tarea de decisión léxica. CONCLUSIÓN: mientras que la tarea de memoria prospectiva tiene un efecto sobre el desempeño en ambas tareas concurrentes, no afectó a los procesos de búsqueda recolectiva y priming de repetición

Promoting healthy eating by enhancing the correspondence between attitudes and behavioral intentions / Promocionando la alimentación saludable a través de la mejora en la relación entre actitudes e intenciones conductuales

BACKGROUND: Healthy eating campaigns are not always successful in changing food-related attitudes. Even when interventions produce the desired outcomes in attitudes, it is often challenging to translate those psychological changes into subsequent behaviors. Previous research has shown that elaboration (amount of thinking) is a critical construct for understanding the ability of attitudes to guide behavior. Instead of looking directly at objective elaboration, this study examined attitude-behavior correspondence as a function of subjective elaboration. METHOD: Participants were first randomly assigned to generate positive or negative arguments with regard to taxing junk food. After this experimental manipulation, participants reported their subjective elaboration (as an additional predictor), and their attitudes and behavioral intentions regarding the proposal (as dependent measures). RESULTS: As hypothesized, the results showed that the greater perceived elaboration, the larger the ability of attitudes to guide behavioral intentions. That is, attitudes were more predictive of behavioral intentions in participants with higher levels of perceived elaboration compared to those with relatively lower levels of subjective thinking. CONCLUSION: Health initiatives can benefit from considering the extent to which participants perceive thinking about persuasive proposals

ANTECEDENTES: las campañas que promocionan una alimentación saludable no siempre consiguen cambiar las actitudes de las personas. Incluso cuando se cambian las actitudes, a menudo esos cambios no se traducen en los correspondientes comportamientos saludables. La investigación llevada a cabo hasta este momento demuestra que la cantidad de elaboración sobre una propuesta persuasiva constituye un constructo esencial a la hora de entender la relación entre actitudes e intenciones conductuales. En la presente investigación se estudia el papel de la elaboración subjetiva en la relación entre actitudes e intenciones conductuales dentro del contexto de la evaluación de la comida saludable. MÉTODO: los participantes del estudio fueron asignados aleatoriamente a generar pensamientos positivos o negativos sobre la posibilidad de aumentar los impuestos a la comida basura. Después de esta manipulación experimental, se midió la elaboración subjetiva (predictor) y las actitudes e intenciones conductuales con respecto a la propuesta persuasiva (medidas dependientes). RESULTADOS: se encontró que cuanto mayor fue la elaboración percibida, mayor resultó la capacidad de las actitudes para guiar las intenciones conductuales. CONCLUSIÓN: las iniciativas de salud pueden beneficiarse de forma significativa al incluir una medida sencilla de la elaboración percibida

Performance de aprendizagem e o abandono escolar no ensino superior / Learning performance and school dropout in higher education

Introduction and Objectives: Learning performance is related to the individual, pedagogical, institutional and external factors. This study aims to test the factor structure of the Learning Performance Scale and how it relates to school dropout. Methodology: A quantitative, transversal, descriptive and correlational study. A sociodemographic and academic characterization questionnaire of the students of Higher Education and the Learning Performance Scale of Young, Klemz & Murphy (2003), adapted by Costa (2013), was used as a data collection instrument. The sample consisted of 891 students from Polytechnic Higher Education, with a mean age of 19.68 years (+/- 2.34 years). The female gender is more representative, with 68.2%, being the minimum age 17 years and maximum 40 years. Results and Discussion: The Learning Performance Scale is unifactorial and consists of 6 items. It has been found that the model is well adjusted. The internal consistency obtained by the composite reliability is very good, but there is no convergent validity. Female students had a higher rate of learning performance (Mean=70.87+/-11.71). The majority of students with older age (41.4%) present a low learning performance. Conclusions: The results show that the learning performance is predictive of the intention to drop out of school, which implies considering this variable in the programs that promote the continuation of studies in higher education

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Validation of a Portuguese version of the Aspiration Index for adolescents (AI)

Intrinsic and extrinsic types of motivation have been widely studied, and their importance on both developmental and educational practices has led to the development of assessment tools. The Aspiration Index scale (AI; Grouzet et al., 2005), which was developed to measure people's life aspirations, was translated and validated into Portuguese. A sample of 1,359 adolescents, age ranged from 12 to 18 years-old, participated in the present study. Results showed that a factor structure with the eleven subscales of the AI does not fit the data. However we gathered support for a three-factor structure that organized the items in terms of whether aspirations are intrinsically, extrinsically or self-transcendent oriented. Internal consistency and temporal stability yielded good results. The predictive and criterion validities were demonstrated by significant associations with theoretically supported measures of satisfaction with life and father and mother attachment. The multi-group confirmatory factor analysis showed that this structure was invariant across gender. These results suggest that the AI is a reliable measure to assess different types of life aspirations and can be used in future research with adolescents in Portugal

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Mandatory continuing education for pharmacists in a developing country: assessment of a three-year cycle

Background: In Lebanon, mandatory continuing education (CE) for pharmacists was implemented in January 2014. Objective: The objectives of this study are to assess 1) the overall adherence to the mandatory CE program, 2) pharmacists' preferences related to CE, and 3) barriers to adherence to CE. Methods: By the end of October 2017, an evaluation of pharmacists' participation in the mandatory CE program was conducted using electronic reports available in the Learning Management System (LMS). Descriptive results were presented as frequencies and percentages. In addition, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among pharmacists to better understand their preferences and barriers to their participation to the CE program. Finally, a focus group was organized with pharmacists who did not start their CE. Results: Out of all registered pharmacists in Lebanon, 68.30% started their CE and 25.6% already achieved their required credits. Among pharmacists enrolled in the CE system, the majority (69%) used the online courses at least once. Moreover, CE enrolment was similar among old and young pharmacists except for those newly registered. The majority of pharmacists preferred clinical and pharmacological topics, followed by preventive medicine and transferable skills. Barriers to engaging in CE were mainly work and family obligations, lack of interest, lack of time, and difficulties in commuting and technology use. Conclusion: Although results of the present study are similar to those in developing countries, the resistance to change is higher. The Lebanese Pharmacists Association [Ordre des Pharmaciens du Liban] should develop strategies to motivate and enroll more pharmacists in the CE system, based on the barriers and preferences cited in the results, while continuing to offer high quality and cost-favorable CE programs to Lebanese pharmacists

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Características presentes en escolares de secundaria que no fuman o no tienen intención de hacerlo / Characteristics present in secondary school students who do not smoke and who have no intention to smoke

Objetivo: Conocer las variables presentes en escolares de primero y segundo de secundaria que no consumen tabaco o no tienen intención de fumar desde un modelo de salud positiva. Métodos: Estudio transversal con 482 estudiantes en Andalucía y Cataluña usando un cuestionario validado (proyecto ESFA y PASE). Se realizaron análisis de regresión logística binaria. Resultados: Quienes no tenían intención de fumar presentaron una actitud desfavorable al tabaco y una alta autoeficacia (p <0,001). En los/las no consumidores/as las variables más asociadas fueron la actitud, el modelo social (p <0,001) y la autoeficacia (p = 0,005). Conclusiones: Los resultados reflejan factores motivacionales presentes en escolares que no fuman ni pretenden hacerlo. La actitud y la autoeficacia se asocian fuertemente con la intención y con el comportamiento. Esta información puede ser útil para desarrollar estrategias positivas de promoción de la salud desde un modelo salutogénico

Objective: To know the variables present in primary and secondary school students who do not smoke or intend to smoke from a positive health model. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 482 students from Andalusia and Catalonia using a validated questionnaire (ESFA and PASE project). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Those who did not intend to smoke viewed smoking unfavourably and had high self-efficacy (p <0.001). In non-consumers, the most associated variables were attitude, social model (p <0.001), and self-efficacy (p =0.005). Conclusions: The results show motivational factors present in students who do not smoke and do not intend to do so. Attitude and self-efficacy are strongly associated with intention and behaviour. This information might be useful for developing positive health promotion strategies from a salutogenesis approach

Cambios en la intención de compra de porciones de alimentos al aumentar el presupuesto en un ambiente simulado / Changes in the intention to purchase portions of food when the budget increases in a simulated environment

FUNDAMENTOS: El ingreso económico es un determinante clave en la elección de alimentos. El objetivo fue determinar el cambio en la intención de compra de porciones de alimentos cuando el presupuesto aumenta en un entorno de compra simulado. MÉTODOS: Estudio de intervención no aleatorizado en 70 adultos de 18 a 70 años responsables de las compras en el hogar. Se realizaron 2 compras no consecutivas de alimentos, en un supermercado online. Para cada compra se asignó un monto de dinero, primero de 87.220 CLP (134,2 USD) y segundo de 235.400 CLP (362,2 USD). Los participantes fueron clasificados según años de escolaridad. Los alimentos comprados se transformaron en porciones de consumo. RESULTADOS: La edad promedio fue de 42,1 +/- 13,5 años. Aquellos con ≤12 años de escolaridad aumentan la mediana de consumo de frutas y verduras en 1,7 porciones/día; de alimentos ricos en azúcares (ARA) 2,9 porciones/día y legumbres 2,1 porciones/semana cuando aumenta el presupuesto destinado a la compra, en comparación con los de mayor escolaridad que aumentan a 1,4 porciones / día de frutas y verduras; 2,2 porciones/día de ARA. Los participantes con mayor escolaridad tienen elecciones alimentarias más saludables con el monto 1 en comparación con los de menor escolaridad. CONCLUSIONES: Cuando aumenta el presupuesto para comprar alimentos, las familias tienden a elegir más alimentos saludables, independientemente del nivel educacional

BACKGROUND: The economic income is a key determinant the choice of food. The objective was to determine the change in intention to purchase food portions when the budget increases in a simulated purchase environment. METHODS: A non-randomized intervention study was conducted on 70 adults aged 18-70 years responsible for home purchases. Two non-consecutive purchases of food were made in an online supermarket. For each purchase, an amount of money was allocated, the first of CH $ 87,220 (USD $ 134.2) and the second of CH $ 235,400 (USD $ 362.2). The participants were classified according to years of schooling. The purchased foods were transformed into consumption portions. RESULTS:The mean age was 42.1 +/- 13.5 years. In those ≤12 years of schooling increase the median consumption of fruits and vegetables by 1.7 servings / day; of foods rich in sugars (ARA) 2.9 servings / day and legumes 2.1 servings / week when the budget allocated to the purchase increases, compared to those with higher schooling that increase to 1.4 servings / day of fruits and vegetables; 2.2 servings / day of ARA. Participants with higher education have healthier food choices with the amount 1 compared to those with less education. CONCLUSIONS: Families when they have a higher income tend to choose a greater amount of foods considered healthy, regardless of the educational level

Elementos potenciadores de la satisfacción por compasión en profesionales sociosanitarios / Enhancer elements of compassion satisfaction in healthcare professionals

Objetivo: análisis de la influencia de estilos de apego, autocompasión, vocación, demanda asistencial, satisfacción de cuidar, satisfacción con el trabajo y burnout sobre la satisfacción por compasión (SC) en profesionales sociosanitarios. Método: Contestaron al cuestionario online 480 profesionales sociosanitarios asistencialmente activos. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, de experiencia laboral, burnout y satisfacción por compasión (Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida ProQoL), autocompasión (de Neff) y estilos de apego (Cuestionario de Relación). Se analizaron correlaciones, diferencias de medias, regresión lineal múltiple (RLM) y análisis cualitativo de la descripción emocional del trabajo. Resultados: El 79,6% (382) fueron mujeres, edad media de 44,6 (DT=10,86). Resultó significativamente (p<,001) mayor la puntuación SC que burnout. El modelo de SC explicó un 51,5% de la varianza (R2corregida=0,515); como variables predictoras (p<,001), satisfacción de cuidar personas (Beta=,309), vocación (Beta=,184), autoamabilidad (Beta=,158) y burnout (Beta=-,306). Conclusiones: sobre la satisfacción por compasión, directamente influye la satisfacción de cuidar personas, vocación, autoamabilidad y ausencia de burnout. Indirectamente también, la capacidad de atención plena, sentimientos de humanidad compartida, vínculo de apego seguro y satisfacción con el equipo de trabajo. También son factores protectores ante burnout, que se relaciona directamente con estilos de apego preocupado, temeroso y falta de autocompasión; autocrítica, sobreidentificación y aislamiento

Objective: analysis of adult attachment styles, self-compassion, vocation, health care demands, caring satisfaction, job satisfaction and burnout on compassion satisfaction (CS) in healthcare professionals. Method: An online questionnaire was answered by 480 assistentially active healthcare professionals. Variables collected were socio-demographic, work experience, burnout and compassion satisfaction (ProQoL Quality of Life Questionnaire), self-compassion (by Neff), and attachment styles (Relation Questionnaire). Correlations, mean differences, multiple linear regression (MLR) and qualitative analysis of the emotional description of the job were analyzed. Results: A 79,6% (382) were women, age average 44,6 (DT = 10,86). CS score resulted significantly (p<,001) higher than burnout. Model for CS explained a 51.5% of the variability (correctedR2=,515); as predictor variables (p<,001), caring satisfaction (Beta=,309), vocation (Beta=,184), self-kindness (Beta=,158) and burnout (Beta=,306). Conclusions: compassion satisfaction is directly influenced by people caring satisfaction, vocation, self-kindness and absence of burnout. Indirectly also, by mindfulness capacity, feelings of common humanity, secure attachment style and satisfaction with the team. These also are preventing factors from burnout, that is directly related to concerned and fearful attachment styles and lack of self-compassion; self-judgement, over-identification and isolation

Valores personales en el baloncesto de formación y su relación con el bienestar y la intención futura de práctica a través de la motivación / Personal values in youth basketball and its relationship with well-being and future intention to practice through motivation / Valores pessoais no treino de basquetebol e a sua relação com o bem-estar e a intenção futura de praticar através da motivação

Tomando como marco teórico la teoría de los valores humanos (Schwartz, 1992; Schwartz et al., 2012), y la teoría de la autodeterminación (Deci y Ryan, 1985, 2000), el objetivo del estudio consistió en poner a prueba un modelo, en una muestra de 115 jugadores jóvenes de baloncesto (Medad = 13.98, DT = 0.13), en el que se hipotetizó que los diferentes tipos de motivación (motivación autónoma, controlada y no motivación) actuarían como mediadores de la relación entre los valores de los jugadores (auto-trascendencia, conservación, auto-promoción y apertura al cambio) y los indicadores de bienestar (vitalidad subjetiva y afectos positivos), así como de la intención futura de seguir practicando baloncesto. Los resultados confirmaron el efecto indirecto de los valores de autopromoción sobre la percepción de vitalidad de los jugadores, sus afectos positivos y su intención de seguir jugando en el futuro, a través de la motivación autónoma. Sin embargo, los otros tipos de motivación (motivación controlada y no motivación) no mediaron la relación entre el resto de valores y los indicadores de bienestar, ni con la intención futura de práctica deportiva. Estos resultados indican que para favorecer una mayor experiencia de bienestar en el baloncesto habría que evitar poner énfasis en valores centrados en lo individual, en el logro personal y en el dominio sobre los demás (auto-promoción), ya que la vitalidad subjetiva, los afectos positivos y la intención de seguir jugando se van a ver reducidos, a través de una menor motivación autónoma

Within the framework of the theory of human values (Schwartz, 1992; Schwartz et al, 2012), and the self - determination theory (Deci and Ryan, 1985, 2000), the aim of the study was to test a model, in a sample of 115 young basketball players ( M age = 13.98, SD = 0.13), which hypothesized that different types of motivation (autonomous motivation, controlled motivation and non - motivation) would act as mediators in the relationship between the players' values (self - transcendence, conservation, self - enhancement and openness to change) and two indicators of well - being (subjective vitality and positive affects), as well as of the future intention to continue practicing basketball. The results supported the indirect effect of self - promotion values on the players' perception of subjective vitality, their positive affects and their intention to continue playing in th e future, through autonomous motivation. However, the other types of motivation (controlled motivation and amotivation) did not mediate the relationship between the other three values and the indicators of well - being, nor with the future intention of sport practice. These results indicate that to generate a greater experience of well - being in basketball it should be avoided placing emphasis on values centred on the individual, on personal achievement and on mastery over others (self - promotion), since subjec tive vitality, positive affects and the intention to continue playing could be reduced, through the decrease of autonomous motivation

Baseado na teoria dos valores humanos (Schwartz, 1992; Schwartz et al, 2012) e na teoria da autodeterminação (Deci e Ryan, 1985, 2000), o objetivo do estudo foi testar um modelo de relação em 115 jovens jogadores de basquetebol ( M idade = 13.98, DT = 0.13), em que se hipotetizou que os diferentes tipos de motivação (motivação autónoma, motivação controlada e não motivação) actuariam como mediadores da relação entre os valores dos jogadores (autotranscendência, conservação, autopromoção e abertura à mudança) e os indicadores de bem - estar (vitalidade subjectiva e afecções positivas), bem como da intenção futura de continuar a praticar basquetebol. Os resultados confirmaram o efeito indirecto dos valores de autopromoção na percepção de vitalidade dos jogadores, nos seus afectos positivos e na sua intenção de continuar a jogar no futuro, através de uma motivação autónoma. No entanto, os outros tipos de motivação (motivação controlada e não motivação) não mediaram a relação entre o resto dos valores e os indicadore s de bem - estar, nem com a intenção futura da prática desportiva. Estes resultados indicam que, para favorecer uma maior experiência de bem - estar no basquetebol, seria necessário evitar colocar ênfase nos valores centrados no indivíduo, na realização pessoa l e no domínio dos outros (autopromoção), uma vez que a vitalidade subjectiva, os afectos positivos e a intenção de continuar jogando poderiam ser reduzidos, através de uma motivação menos autónoma

The impact of cooperative learning on peer relationships, intrinsic motivation and future intentions to do sport / Repercusión del aprendizaje cooperativo sobre las relaciones con los compañeros, la motivación intrínseca y las intenciones futuras de práctica deportiva

Background: Understanding intra-individual change is a key question when studying causality between variables. The first objective was to examine, using the technique of true intra-individual change (TIC, Δ) for the first time, the motivational sequence proposed by Vallerand (1997), ΔCo-operative learning → ΔRelatedness → ΔIntrinsic motivation → ΔIntention to do sport. Method: The sample comprised 372 students divided into two groups, experimental and control. During a 6 month period the experimental group was taught co-operative learning strategies by a suitably trained teacher. Results: Positive changes were seen in the experimental group in all of the variables examined, while the control group remained unchanged. The results of the TIC suggest accepting the motivational sequence describe. Conclusions: Co-operative learning may by an appropriate method to improve self-determined motivation according to the model described

Antecedentes: conocer el cambio intraindividual es una cuestión clave para bordar el estudio de la causalidad entre variables. El primer objetivo fue comprobar, por primera vez, utilizando la técnica del verdadero cambio intraindividual (TIC, Δ), la secuencia motivacional propuesta por Vallerand (1997), ΔAprendizaje cooperativo → Δ Relación → ΔMotivación intrínseca → ΔIntenciones de práctica deportiva. Método: la muestra estuvo formada por 372 estudiantes que se dividieron en dos grupos: experimental y control. Durante 6 meses al grupo experimental se le aplicaron estrategias de aprendizaje cooperativo por un profesor formado a tal efecto. Resultados: se observaron cambios positivos en el grupo experimental en todas las variables analizadas, mientras que el grupo control permaneció estable. El TIC permite aceptar la secuencia motivacional descrita. Conclusiones: el aprendizaje cooperativo puede ser un método adecuado para incrementar la motivación autodeterminada en base al modelo descrito

Actitudes, autoeficacia e intención hacia la cesación tabáquica en universitarios españoles / Attitudes, self-efficacy and intention towards tobacco cessation in Spanish college students

Fundamento: Conocer las actitudes hacia el tabaco, la percepción de autoeficacia ante el cese y la intención de abandono tabáquico en universitarios fumadores, y su variación según la etapa del proceso de abandono tabáquico. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal con 255 universitarios (18-24 años) fumadores (≥1 cigarrillo/semana). Instrumentos empleados: entrevista personal, test de Fageström, modelo transteórico de cambio, escala Actitudes, auto-eficacia e intención de abandono tabáquico de los estudiantes y CO en aire espirado. Resultados: Muestra con mayoría de mujeres (62%), edad media 20,3 años, consumidores de 9,2 cigarrillos/día desde hace 5,7 años, con dependencia leve a la nicotina. El 69% se encontraba en etapas de precontemplación y contemplación. Aunque más del 70% consideró que el tabaquismo es negativo para la salud y el medio ambiente, y el 96,7% presentan actitudes negativas hacia el tabaco, solo el 45,1% era consciente de la morbimortalidad asociada. Más del 60% consideró que el tabaco es un facilitador social, por lo que el nerviosismo (72,6%) y tener amigos fumadores (69,4%) son factores considerados negativos para el abandono tabáquico. El 91% creía que fumaría el próximo año, pero el 86% declaró que no sería fumador en cinco años. El 100% de los sujetos en precontemplación consideraron que fumarán durante el próximo año frente al 83,5% de aquellos en etapa de preparación. Conclusiones: Los universitarios fumadores muestran actitudes positivas, creencias erróneas y una baja percepción de auto-eficacia ante el cese del hábito tabáquico. En fase de precontemplación todos los estudiantes creen que fumarán el próximo año

Background: To determine attitudes towards smoking, perception of self-efficacy, and the intention of smoking cessation in college student smokers, and their variation according to the stage of the tobacco cessation process. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 255 college students (18-24 years old) smokers of ≥1 cigarette per week. Instruments used: a personal interview, Fageström test, transtheoretical change model, scale of Attitudes, self-efficacy and intention to quit smoking in college smokers and CO in exhaled air. Results: Sample with a majority of women (62%), average age 20.3 years, users of 9.2 cigarettes/day for 5.7 years, with mild dependence on nicotine; 69% were in the stages of pre-contemplation and contemplation. Although smoking was considered to be negative for health and the environment for more than 70%, and 96.7% had negative attitudes towards tobacco, only 45.1% were aware of the associated morbidity and mortality. More than 60% considered tobacco to be a social facilitator, thus anxiety (72.6%) and having friends who smoke (69.4%) are factors considered negative for tobacco cessation. Ninety-one percent believed that they would smoke next year, but 86% stated that they would not be a smoker within five years. One hundred percent of the subjects in pre-contemplation considered that they will smoke during the next year as opposed to 83.5% of those in the stage of preparation. Conclusion: College student smokers show positive attitudes, erroneous beliefs and a low perception of self-efficacy about smoking cessation. All students in the pre-contemplation phase do not even consider smoking cessation in the medium and long term

A Social Support Intervention to Reduce Intentions to Drop-out from Youth Sport: The GAA Super Games Centre / Una intervención basada en el apoyo social para reducir la intención de abandonar el deporte juvenil: el Centro de Superjuegos GAA

Research has highlighted that drop-out from youth sport has emerged to become a global trend with drop-out rates exceeding 30% in some countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a change in perceived support on intentions to drop out from youth sport at the end of a social support intervention. A pre-intervention examination of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in 2012 identified a 19.38% drop-out rate involving 3,491 participants between the ages of 12-16 years. A psychosocial intervention developed for the GAA called the Super Games Centre was delivered and evaluated over a 24-week period to 103 participants. The findings demonstrated that higher perceived available support was significantly associated with lower levels of intentions to drop out at the end of the intervention. Furthermore, social identity emerged as a significant mediating factor in explaining the association between changes in perceived support and intentions to drop out. A post-intervention examination in 2018 found that the GAA had established 95 Super Games Centres since 2015, and this has led to an increase in 7,012 new participants between the ages of 12-16 years. Future research and implications for social support intervention methodology are discussed

La investigación ha destacado que el abandono del deporte juvenil se ha convertido en una tendencia mundial con tasas que superan el 30% en algunos países. Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar el efecto de un cambio en el apoyo percibido sobre la intención de abandonar el deporte juvenil al finalizar una intervención basada en el apoyo social. La Asociación Atlética Gaélica (GAA) en 2012 identificó una tasa de abandono del 19.38% que involucraba a 3,491 participantes de edades comprendidas entre 12-16 años. Una intervención psicosocial desarrollada para la GAA, llamada Centro de Superjuegos (Super Games Centre), se realizó con 103 participantes y se evaluó durante un período de 24 semanas. Los resultados muestran que la percepción de una mayor disponibilidad de apoyo social se asocia significativamente a niveles más bajos de intención de abandono al final de la intervención. Además, la identidad social demostró ser un importante factor de mediación para explicar la asociación entre los cambios en el apoyo percibido y la intención de abandono. Un examen posterior a la intervención en 2018 encontró que la GAA había creado 95 Centros de Superjuegos desde 2015, lo que ha llevado a un aumento de 7,012 nuevos participantes en el mismo rango de edad (12-16 años). Se debaten las investigaciones futuras y las implicaciones para la metodología de intervención basada en el apoyo social