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1.
Enferm. glob ; 22(72): 490-503, oct. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-225965

RESUMO

Introducción: La salud escolar debe velar por el bienestar integral de la comunidad escolar, fortaleciendo conductas de autocuidado y hábitos saludables a través de la promoción y prevención e investigación en salud. El abordaje holístico que define a la Enfermería hace que la inclusión de la enfermera escolar sea fundamental en los diferentes centros educativos. Objetivo: Analizar los beneficios del rol de la enfermería escolar en base a sus competencias para identificar la necesidad que supone la figura de la enfermería en los colegios.Metodología: Revisión integrativa de la literatura, cualitativa siguiendo las indicaciones de la declaración PRISMA. La búsqueda de las publicaciones se llevó a cabo en las bases de datos Web of Science y MedLine, seleccionándose aquellos artículos publicados en los últimos 5 años en inglés y español. Resultados: se incluyeron un total de 10 artículos. Su análisis muestra las competencias de la enfermera escolar, la perspectiva que tienen los docentes y los padres de la figura de la enfermera escolar, así como la necesidad que aporta a comunidad escolar. Conclusiones: La presencia de la enfermera escolar en los centros educativos garantiza tranquilidad y beneficios para la comunidad, no solo mediante actividades de prevención o asistenciales, sino también mediante estrategias de educación para la salud. Nuestra investigación ha recogido cómo pese a que existe un argumento firme y conciso sobre la importancia de esta figura continúa la lucha por su implantación. (AU)


Introduction: School health must ensure the comprehensive well-being of the school community, strengthening self-care behaviours and healthy habits through promotion and prevention and through health-related research. The holistic approach that defines Nursing makes the inclusion of the school nurse fundamental in the different educational centres.Objective: To analyse the benefits of the role of school nursing based on their remit to identify the need for nurses in schools. Methodology: Integrative review of the literature and qualitative review based on the indications of the PRISMA statement. The search for publications was carried out in the Web of Science and MedLine databases, selecting those articles published in the last 5 years in English and Spanish. Results: A total of 10 articles were included. Their analysis shows the remit of the school nurse, the perspective that teachers and parents have of the school nurse role, as well as the need it represents to the school community.Conclusions: The presence of the school nurse in educational centres ensures tranquillity and benefits for the community, not only through prevention or assistance activities, but also through health education strategies. Our research has revealed how, despite the fact that there is a firm and concise argument regarding the importance of this role, the fight for its establishment continues. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Papel (figurativo) , Serviços de Enfermagem Escolar , Serviços de Saúde Escolar , Educação em Saúde , Pais , Docentes
2.
Metas enferm ; 25(2): 65-72, Mar 2022. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-206363

RESUMO

Se presenta un nuevo constructo teórico en el campo de la Salud Mental para combinar el Proceso de Atención de Enfermería con los diagnósticos enfermeros, partiendo del rol que adopta la persona en función de su enfermedad mental. En este contexto surge la Teoría basada en roles en Salud Mental, que consta de tres partes: la identificación de roles, la actuación enfermera y la intervención por fases. Esta nueva teorización se encuentra influenciada por los modelos de Dorothea Orem, Callista Roy y Joyce Travelbee, así como por las teorías de Patnerson y Zderad, Bertalanffy, Leininger y Peplau. Con la creación de esta nueva teoría se pretende ofrecer al profesional de Enfermería un soporte teórico que le permita desarrollar planes de cuidados en función del rol que desempeña el paciente. Con ello se busca favorecer un cuidado integral a la persona con sufrimiento psíquico e impulsar el cambio hacia la recuperación. El objetivo es dar a conocer la teoría propuesta como una herramienta de trabajo para la elaboración de los planes de cuidados e invitar a la reflexión a los profesionales de Enfermería que trabajan en el campo de la Salud Mental, ya que se considera que este nuevo constructo puede resultar útil y aplicable en la práctica clínica e impulsar nuevas áreas de investigación.(AU)


A new theoretical construct is presented in the Mental Health area, in order to combine the Nursing Care Process with nursing diagnoses, based on the role taken by the person according to their mental health. The Role-based Theory in Mental Health appeared in this setting; it consists of three parts: role identification, nursing action, and intervention by stages. This new theorisation was influenced by the models by Dorothea Orem, Callista Roy and Joyce Travelbee, as well as by the theories by Patnerson and Zderad, Bertalanffy, Leininger and Peplau. The creation of this new theory intends to offer a theoretical support to Nursing professionals, allowing them to develop plans of care according to the role played by the patient. The intention is to encourage comprehensive care for the person with psychological suffering, and to drive a change towards recovery. The objective is to present this theory as a work tool for the preparation of plans of care, and to invite Nursing professionals working in the Mental Health area to reflection, because it is considered that this new construct can be useful and applicable in clinical practice, and become a driver for new areas of research.(AU)


Assuntos
Saúde Mental , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Papel (figurativo) , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Papel do Doente , Teoria de Enfermagem , Terminologia Padronizada em Enfermagem
3.
Nutr. hosp ; 39(Esp. 3): 56-59, 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-212541

RESUMO

La fermentación de los alimentos constituye una de las técnicas de conservación más antiguas, que ha ido evolucionando a lo largo de los siglos. Este estudio contribuye a la comprensión del impacto de la fermentación y, en consecuencia, de los productos fermentados en la evolución de la humanidad y su influencia en la sostenibilidad y en el aprovechamiento alimentario.La elaboración de productos lácteos fermentados es la segunda industria después de la de bebidas alcohólicas, así pues, el yogur es uno de los principales productos fermentados consumidos en todo el mundo. Considerando la fermentación como una tecnología, esta nos aporta distintos beneficios como la sostenibilidad, ya que en España cada persona desperdicia 77 kilos de alimentos al año en sus hogares y sabemos que el 9 % del desperdicio alimentario en nuestro país corresponde a los lácteos. Por esta razón, se ha trabajado con diferentes fermentos para seleccionar aquellos que permitan alargar la vida útil del producto y hacerlo más flexible en su distribución y conservación, teniendo en cuenta también la seguridad alimentaria debido al cambio de pH y a la producción de determinadas sustancias que protegen frente a patógenos y bacterias indeseables, garantizando los máximos estándares de calidad. (AU)


Food fermentation is one of the oldest conservation techniques and has evolved over the centuries. This study contributes to the understanding of the impact of fermentation and consequently of fermented products in the evolution of humanity and its influence on sustainability and food use.The production of fermented dairy products is the second industry after alcoholic beverages; thus, yogurt is one of the main fermented products consumed worldwide. Considering fermentation as a technology, this brings us different benefits such as sustainability, since in Spain each person wastes 77 kilos of food per year in their homes and we know that 9% of food waste in our country corresponds to dairy products. For this reason, we have worked with different ferments to select those that allow us to extend the useful life of the product, making it more flexible in its distribution and conservation. Also considering food safety due to the change in pH and the production of certain substances that will protect against pathogens and undesirable bacteria, guaranteeing the highest quality standards. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Papel (figurativo) , Fermentação , Alimentos Fermentados , 50329 , Armazenamento de Alimentos
5.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 20(80): 487-503, dic. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-198567

RESUMO

El presente estudio examinó los efectos de dos dinámicas de roles (fija y rotativa) sobre los niveles de responsabilidad y competencia intercultural en adolescentes españoles de un contexto socialmente vulnerable. Formaron parte del estudio 96 estudiantes de primer curso de educación secundaria (Medad = 12.2) de un centro ubicado en Andalucía (España). Siguiendo un diseño cruzado simple, cuasi-experimental y con medidas repetidas (pretest-post1-post2), los participantes asistieron a dos unidades didácticas consecutivas con Educación Deportiva sobre baloncesto y floorball, respectivamente. Se recabó información mediante entrevistas semi-estructuradas y cuestionarios. Se evidenció un mayor impacto de los roles fijos en la responsabilidad social y en las variables interculturales (sensibilidad y comportamiento), con especial incidencia en varones. Ligeras consecuencias negativas fueron halladas en los niveles de responsabilidad de estudiantes de sexo femenino. Se desvela la importancia de asumir roles fijos en contextos socialmente vulnerables, así como en experiencias iniciales con Educación Deportiva


This paper examines the effect of two different roles' strategies (permanent and rotating) on Spanish adolescents' responsibility and intercultural competence levels. Following a quasi-experimental, simple crossover design with repeated measures (pretest-post1-post2), 96 high school students (Mage = 12.2) and one teacher participated part in two consecutive Sport Education-based teaching units of basketball and floorball, respectively. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Permanent roles were associated with improvements on social responsibility and intercultural variables (sensibility and behavior), especially in males. There are slightly negative consequences on female' responsibility levels. Findings reveal and emphasize the importance of using permanent roles when dealing with socially vulnerable contexts, as well as first experiences with Sport Education


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Esportes/educação , Esportes/normas , Competência Cultural , Papel (figurativo) , Modelos Educacionais , Educação Física e Treinamento/normas , Inquéritos e Questionários , Responsabilidade Social
6.
An. psicol ; 36(1): 92-101, ene. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-192045

RESUMO

El presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar la relación entre el apoyo social y otras dimensiones relacionales, como la afiliación escolar y la autopercepción social, con la implicación en los distintos roles del acoso escolar y si estas variables podrían discriminar entre los distintos grupos de participantes, lo que pudiera ser relevante para la prevención e intervención sobre el acoso. En el debate sobre si el apoyo social y la reputación son factores de riesgo o protección, nuestros resultados en conjunto indican que la participación en el acoso altera los niveles de apoyo social percibido en las dimensiones escolar, familiar y de los iguales. Se discuten los resultados y la necesidad de mayor investigación para profundizar en el conocimiento sobre el funcionamiento y la dirección de las relaciones del apoyo social y el acoso escolar


The aim of this study is to analyse how social support and other relational dimensions, such as affiliation and social self-perception, are associated with involvement in different roles in school bullying. In addition, it seeks to determine whether these dimensions are able to discriminate between the different groups involved. The findings are expected to be useful for bullying intervention and prevention programmes. As regards the debate about whether social support and reputation are risk or protective factors, our findings suggest that participation in bullying affects perceived levels of social support in the domains of school, family and peers. The results are discussed and we finally highlight the need for further research to enhance knowledge of the functioning and direction of the relations between social support and bullying in schools


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Apoio Social , Autoimagem , Bullying/psicologia , Papel (figurativo) , Estudantes/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Psicologia da Criança , Psicologia do Adolescente , Vítimas de Crime/psicologia , Análise de Variância
7.
Span. j. psychol ; 23: e42.1-e42.14, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-200138

RESUMO

This study focused on the associations between parental divorce and interparental conflict with young adults' current attachment-related anxiety and avoidance, and romantic relationship expectations. The moderating effect of attachment history was also investigated. Using a sample of 1,078 Spanish young adults (544 women, 518 men; average age 21.4 years), our results confirmed that parental divorce is not associated with young adult children's higher attachment anxiety and avoidance nor poorer romantic relationship expectations. Moreover, interparental conflict is more strongly associated with attachment-related avoidance (p < .001) and romantic relationship expectations (p < .05) than parental divorce, yet depending on attachment history. In fact, in support of our hypothesis, a more secure attachment history with mother has a buffering effect on the association between high-unresolved interparental conflict and attachment avoidance (Beta = .17, p < .001). Findings add to the existing literature and promote a better understanding of the complex associations between parental divorce and conflict on adult children's current attachment and relationship expectations


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Divórcio/psicologia , Conflito Familiar/psicologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Relações Familiares/psicologia , Relações Pais-Filho , Crianças Adultas/psicologia , Apego ao Objeto , Papel (figurativo)
8.
Farm. hosp ; 44(supl.1): 24-27, 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-190472

RESUMO

La pandemia por coronavirus tipo 2 que está azotando prácticamente todo el mundo ha provocado en los sistemas sanitarios tensiones cualitativas y cuantitativas a las que ha habido que dar respuesta. La inexistencia de vacunas y de tratamientos eficaces conocidos ha generado la necesidad de utilizar fármacos con muy escasa evidencia para su incorporación en protocolos farmacoterapéuticos consensuados por el equipo clínico. El farmacéutico de hospital, dentro del equipo multidisciplinar, ha sido en muchas ocasiones el responsable de evaluar críticamente las alternativas para su posicionamiento en estos protocolos. Se analizan en el presente artículo algunas cuestiones éticas y legales que deben ser consideradas en este escenario


Type 2 coronavirus pandemics that is plaguing almost all the world has caused qualitative and quantitative strains in health systems that have had to be responded to. The lack of known vaccines and effective treatments has generated the need to use drugs with very little evidence for their incorporation into pharmacotherapeutic protocols agreed by the clinical team. The hospital pharmacist, within the multidisciplinary team, has been responsible for critically evaluating the alternatives and positioning them in these protocols. Finally, some ethical and legal questions that should be considered in this scenario are analyzed in this article


Assuntos
Humanos , Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus/tratamento farmacológico , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Pandemias , Farmacêuticos , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/organização & administração , Pneumonia Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Comitê de Farmácia e Terapêutica/organização & administração , Protocolos Clínicos , Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Tratamento Farmacológico/normas , Uso Off-Label/ética , Uso Off-Label/legislação & jurisprudência , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/legislação & jurisprudência , Papel (figurativo) , Propaganda , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto
9.
Arch. med. deporte ; 36(192): 208-214, jul.-ago. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-185176

RESUMO

Objetivos: Determinar el tipo de personal médico, las prioridades y actividades para la protección y promoción de la salud de las Federaciones Nacionales de Natación (FNN) según su nivel económico y determinar si aplicaban los programas relacionados con la salud de la Federación Internacional de Natación (FINA).Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal mediante una encuesta confidencial distribuida a las 208 FNN adscritas a la FINA. La encuesta fue validada y se obtuvo su fiabilidad estadística (coeficiente α de Cronbach de 0,8642 para n = 15). Las FNN se dividieron según su nivel económico en FNN de países desarrollados (n=66) y FNN de países en desarrollo (n = 142) siguiendo la clasificación de la Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2016). Análisis: Se realizó una comparación estadística de las medias mediante la prueba U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Respondieron 80 FNN en desarrollo (56,3 %) y 55 desarrolladas (83,6 %). Hubo diferencias en la presencia de fisioterapeutas (FNN en desarrollo: 31,2%, desarrolladas: 58,1%, p < 0,005) y psicólogos (11,2% vs 21,8%; p = 0,096). La máxima prioridad para ambos grupos fue el Máximo rendimiento de los nadadores de élite, aunque Aumentar el número de nada-dores de élite era de mayor importancia para las FNN en desarrollo (4,1 vs 3,95; p < 0.05). Los Programas de Prevención de ahogamiento fueron los más frecuentes en ambos grupos, pero con diferencias significativas entre ellos (FNN En desarrollo: 58,7% vs FNN Desarrolladas: 74,5%; p = 0,058). Conclusiones: Las FNN no disponían del personal necesario para promover la salud de sus nadadores. La mayor prioridad de las FNN en desarrollo era Aumentar el número de atletas de élite, pero tenían bajos niveles de Prevención de lesiones, Vuelta a competir tras una lesión y de Exámenes médicos preparticipación, aunque en las FNN desarrolladas también eran bajos. La Prevención de ahogamiento fueron los programas más frecuentes pero la Salud de la población en general, la del atleta recreativo y el "Deporte Seguro" (sin acoso sexual) eran cuestiones de baja prioridad para todas


Purposes: To determine the profile of the medical personnel, the priorities and the activities/ researches of the National Swimming Federations of Developing and Developed countries with respect to the athletes' health protection and the promotion of health in the general population. Method: A descriptive transversal study through a confidential survey that was circulated to the 208 FINA National Member Federations. A statistical validity and reliability was obtained (Cronbach α coefficient of 0.8642 for n = 15). The NFs were divided based on their economic level, NFs of developed (n = 66) and developing countries (n = 142) following the classification of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, (2016). Analysis: A statistic comparison of measures with the test U of Mann- Whitney was executed. Results: 80 of the NFs from developing countries (56.3%) responded and 55 NFs from developed countries (83.6%). Evident differences were found in Presence of physiotherapists (Developing NFs: 31.2%, Developed NFs: 58.1%; p<0.005) and psycho-logists (11.2% vs 21.8%; p = 0.096). Top priority for both groups was Performance of the elite athletes, however Increasing the numbers of elite athletes was of major importance for the Developing NFs (4.1 vs 3.95, p < 0.05). The programs based around drowning prevention are the most prevalent of the programs run by both (58.7% vs 74.5%; p = 0.058). Conclusion: The NFs did not have the necessary personnel to promote the health of their athletes. Top priority for the Developed NFs was to Increase the numbers of elite athletes but they have low levels of Prevention of injuries programs. Coming back after an injury and Medical examination preparation were also low in Developed and in Developing NFs. Prevention of drowning program was the most frequent program/activity for health of general population, for the recreational athlete and "Save Sport" (without sexual abuse) they were questions of low priority for all of them


Assuntos
Natação/normas , Promoção da Saúde/normas , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Organizações de Normalização Profissional/normas , Esportes/normas , Natação/legislação & jurisprudência , Promoção da Saúde/organização & administração , Coalizão em Cuidados de Saúde/normas , Estudos Transversais , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Papel (figurativo)
10.
Anon.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 29(supl.1): 16-18, mar. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184760

RESUMO

Objective: The purpose of this study is to clarify the concept of maternal role in pregnant adolescent. Method: The Walker and Avant's concept analysis (2005) was used in this study. Results: The attributes are accepting pregnancy at young age, bonding and getting attached with their unborn baby, taking care of unborn baby, recognizing risk related to their pregnancy, dealing with emotions, and preparing for labor. The antecedents included: personal factor, environmental factors, and psychological factors. The consequences are improving adolescent health during pregnancy, increasing confidence, reducing the high risk of pregnancy at a young age, and giving birth safely. Empirical references to maternal roles of pregnant adolescent include their responsibility of the pregnancy, protecting unborn baby from harm, knowledge about pregnancy, changing behavior, and emotional well-being. Conclusions: This concept analysis will help the author for developing instrument about the ability of pregnant adolescent to perform the maternal role during pregnancy


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Gravidez na Adolescência/psicologia , Papel (figurativo) , Formação de Conceito
11.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 41(11/12,supl): 103-107, nov.-dic. 2018. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-179949

RESUMO

Introduction: Despite the progressive reduction of the members in family aggre-gations, families continue being the main support source to homebound people, whether in their direct caregiving, or in the psychological support and social con-tacts. Thus, it is questioned: What feelings lead to the acceptance of the family caregivers' role?. Purpose: To identify the feelings evolved from the acceptance of the caregiver's role. Research Methods: Descriptive, exploratory qualitative research carried out with fa-mily caregivers of dependent elderly. Data collection was developed by means of questionnaire application and logbooks. The guiding question was "Why do you have to care?" After the results, it was held the content analysis. Results and discussion: Two hundred and twenty-six (226) answers were analyzed. The following categories were elaborated: feeling of recognition, feeling of responsibility, feeling of affection, feeling of obligation, feeling of interest, feeling of avai-lability, feeling of acceptance from the social context. Conclusion: Apprehending the feelings involved in the acceptance of the family caregiver's role enables health professionals to elaborate actions and strategies to strengthen such acting


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Cuidadores/psicologia , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Papel (figurativo) , Inquéritos e Questionários , Cuidadores/educação , Identificação Social
12.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 28(supl.1): 304-309, feb. 2018. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-181369

RESUMO

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the family roles and psychological well-being of grandparents who are caregivers of grandchildren with autism spectrum disorders. Method: The study used quantitative methods with a correlational design. A self-administered questionnaire was used as an instrument to measure the variables of psychological wellbeing and the grandparenting role. This research involved 108 grandparents from Semarang, Jepara and Kendal, obtained through a quota-purposive sampling technique. Quantitative data analysis was based on simple regression analysis. Results: The study results showed rxy= 0.397; P = .000 (P < .05), which indicates a positive and significant correlation between the role played by grandparents and their psychological well-being. Conclusions: The test results indicate a significant correlation between the roles of grandparents and their psychological well-being. The greater the role played by grandparents, the higher psychological well-being they experienced, and vice versa. Grandparents play an important role in families where there is a child with autism; they take care of the child when the parents are not at home, help with the cost of therapy, and take care of them when sick


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtorno Autístico/terapia , Cuidadores/psicologia , Avós/psicologia , Papel (figurativo)
13.
Apuntes psicol ; 36(3): 181-190, 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-181189

RESUMO

Dentro de la violencia escolar o bullying se distinguen tres grandes protagonistas: el agresor, la víctima y observador. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cuáles son las características atribuidas tanto a víctimas como agresores y a observadores desde la literatura científica, atendiendo a aspectos de la personalidad, físicos, escolares y familiares. Así como las consecuencias que la propia violencia escolar remite en cada uno de ellos. Encontrando como resultados la visión de las víctimas como alumnos tímidos, aislados y con escasa autoestima, que sienten un gran vacío o soledad. Mientras los agresores se postulan como alumnos que son aceptados socialmente con una visión negativa del entorno escolar, encontrando como una de las consecuencias más graves el empleo de la violencia como medio para obtener beneficios o la delincuencia. En el caso de los observadores, atendiendo a su papel, se convertirán en cómplices, teniendo como consecuencia el desarrollo de escasas habilidades sociales o conductas relacionadas con la hostilidad. Mientras que, si adoptan un papel más activo, serán de gran ayuda para la detección y detención de estos hechos


Within school violence or bullying there are three main protagonists: the aggressor, the victim and the observer. The objective of this paper is to analyze which characteristics are attributed to both victims and aggressors and to observers from the scientific literature, attending to personality, physical, school and family aspects. As well as the consequences that school violence itself refers to in each one. Finding as results the vision of the victims as shy, isolated students with low self-esteem, who feel a great emptiness or loneliness. While the aggressors are posited as students who are socially accepted with a negative view of the school environment, finding as one of the most serious consequences the use of violence as a means to obtain benefits or delinquency. In the case of observers, according to their role, they will become accomplices, having as a consequence the development of scarce social skills or behaviors related to hostility. While, if they adopt a more active role, they will be of great help for the detection and detention of these facts


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Violência/psicologia , Bullying/psicologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Papel (figurativo) , Agressão/psicologia
14.
Rev. psicol. trab. organ. (1999) ; 33(1): 23-31, abr. 2017. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-161036

RESUMO

The literature has shed light on the influence of macro-social contexts on the meanings of work and money. Bearing in mind the impact of changes in the economic cycles in the construction sector in Brazil, our aim is to compare the meanings of work and money, as understood by building construction workers in 2011 and 2015. The sample was composed of two groups, being 302 participants in 2011, and 125 in 2015. We used structured surveys specific to each issue studied, and carried out descriptive and inferential analyses. The results outline differences in the concept of work and money, providing evidence of the negative effects of the economic crisis on workers’ lives. Limitations and suggestions for further research are pointed out (AU)


Estudios previos han señalado la influencia de los contextos macro-sociales en la producción de los significados del trabajo y del dinero. Considerando el impacto de los cambios económicos en el sector de la construcción en Brasil, nuestro objetivo fue analizar dichos significados desde el punto de vista del trabajador, comparando dos períodos económicos del sector. Contamos con dos muestras diferentes, una realizada en 2011, que consta de 302 participantes, y otra en 2015, que consta de 125 participantes. Aplicamos cuestionarios estructurados específicos para cada fenómeno estudiado y realizamos análisis descriptivos e inferenciales. Los resultados mostraron diferencias en la percepción de los significados del trabajo y del dinero, así como los efectos negativos de la crisis económica en la vida de los trabajadores. Se describen las limitaciones del estudio y sugerencias para futuras investigaciones (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , 16054/psicologia , Papel (figurativo) , Desenvolvimento Econômico/tendências , Desumanização , Trabalho/economia , Trabalho/psicologia , Emprego/economia , Emprego , Desenvolvimento Sustentável/economia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Indústria da Construção , Indústria da Construção/estatística & dados numéricos , Psicologia Industrial/métodos
15.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 17(65): 101-119, mar. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-161558

RESUMO

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar cómo es representada la mujer en la pintura deportiva, según la selección avalada por el Consejo Superior de Deportes, que aparece en «Deporte, arte y literatura». El análisis cuantitativo muestra a la mujer en un número muy reducido de obras y caracterizada como joven y delgada. El análisis cualitativo identifica un tratamiento sexista y discriminatorio de la mujer, pintada desde un enfoque androcéntrico: bien como objeto sexual, bien como personaje pasivo, secundario y en función del personaje masculino. En las escasas ocasiones en las que la mujer aparece como personaje activo y central de la obra, aparece con énfasis estético y expresivo del movimiento, lo que caracteriza las actividades físico-deportivas que la ideología de género considera femeninas. En conclusión la pintura sobre el deporte ofrece una imagen sesgada y desigual, reproduciendo los estereotipos respecto a la masculinización del deporte y relega la presencia femenina (AU)


The aim of this study is to analyse how women are represented in the sports paintings, taking as reference a selection of works supported by the Superior Council of Sports, collected in the publication «Sport, art and literature». Quantitative analysis note that the female figure appears in a very small number of works and they are represented young and thin. Qualitative analysis allows to identify a sexist treatment and discriminatory of women, who is painted from an androcentric perspective: a sexual object, passive character, secondary and based on the male character. When the women appears as an active character and central of the work, they are marked by the emphasis in the aesthetic aspects and expressive of the movement, what defines the physical-sports activities that the gender ideology considers to be female. In conclusion, sport painting offers an image skewed and uneven, reproducing stereotypes regarding the masculinization of the sport and the limited nature of female sports (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Sexismo/história , Sexismo/legislação & jurisprudência , Direitos da Mulher/normas , Estereotipagem , Saúde de Gênero , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Papel (figurativo) , Esportes/classificação , 25783/métodos , Esportes/legislação & jurisprudência , Análise de Dados/métodos , 24960/métodos
16.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 26(supl.4): 63-67, 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-165290

RESUMO

Researchers have studied athletic identity (AI) and explored the impact that having a strong AI can have on an athlete. Additionally, researchers have explored the maintenance of AI, but only among very specific athletic populations. Little is known about how different athletes manage their AI at various stages in their career (i.e., still competing versus retired). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore how both retired and non-retired elite athletes from a range of sports maintain and perpetuate their AI. Five male and eight female elite athletes were individually interviewed on two separate occasions. Participants were asked questions regarding their AI, their successes and failures in sport, and how their feelings of self-worth were related to their athletic achievements. An inductive data analysis process was used, and relevant themes were identified. It was also found that there are things athletes do, or that occur in their environment that maintain and perpetuate their AI. The current findings expand this body of literature by exploring the various strategies elite athletes use to support their AI (AU)


Los investigadores han estudiado la identidad atlética (AI) y han explorado el impacto que puede generar tener una AI fuerte en un atleta. Además, los investigadores han explorado el mantenimiento de la AI, pero sólo entre las poblaciones atléticas muy específicas. Poco se sabe acerca de cómo los diferentes atletas manejan su AI en varias etapas de su carrera (es decir, siguen compitiendo contra jubilados). Por lo tanto, el propósito de este estudio fue explorar cómo los atletas de elite jubilados y no retirados de una variedad de deportes mantienen y perpetúan su AI. Cinco atletas de élite masculinos y ocho femeninos fueron entrevistados individualmente en dos ocasiones. Se les preguntó a los participantes acerca de su AI, sus éxitos y fracasos en el deporte, y cómo sus sentimientos de autoestima estaban relacionados con sus logros atléticos. Se utilizó un proceso inductivo de análisis de datos y se identificaron temas relevantes. También se encontró que hay cosas que los atletas hacen, o que ocurren en su entorno que mantienen y perpetúan su AI. Los hallazgos actuales amplían este cuerpo de literatura explorando las diversas estrategias que los atletas de élite usan para apoyar su AI (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Atletas/psicologia , Papel (figurativo) , Autoimagem , Identificação Psicológica , Adaptação Psicológica , Psicometria/instrumentação , Aposentadoria/psicologia
17.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 26(supl.2): 99-105, 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-166123

RESUMO

La Identidad Deportiva hace referencia al grado en que una persona se identifica con su rol como deportista, así como también al nivel de importancia, la fuerza o intensidad, y la exclusividad que van asociados a ese papel, que es mantenido por el deportista y sometido a influencias ambientales. El objetivo del estudio es realizar un análisis de las propiedades psicométricas del Athletic Identity Measurement Scale para su validación al contexto mexicano. Los resultados indican unas apropiadas características de la Escala de Identidad Deportiva. El análisis factorial mostró una estructura de tres factores que explicaron el 59% de la varianza, en consonancia con modelos multidimensionales propuestos previamente. Se muestran adecuados índices de ajuste, así como adecuadas correlaciones entre los ítems y las sub-escalas a las que corresponde (AU)


Sports identity refers to the degree to which person identifies with his role as an athlete, as well as the level of importance, strength or intensity, and exclusivity that are associated with that role, which is maintained bye the athlete and submitted environmental influences. The aim of the present study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale for validation to the Mexican context. The results show appropriate characteristics of Sport Identity Scale. Factor analysis showed a three-factor structure that explained 59% of variance, in line with multidimensional models propose. The model shows adequate fit index, and appropriate correlation between items and sub-scales (AU)


A identidade do desporto se refere ao nível em que uma pessoa é identificado com o seu papel como um atleta, bem como para o nível de importância, a força ou a intensidade e a exclusividade que estão associados com esse papel, que é mantido pelo atleta e sujeitos a influências ambientais. O objectivo do estudo é realizar uma análise das propriedades psicométricas da escala de medida de identidade atlética para validação do contexto mexicano. Os resultados indicam características adequadas da escala de identidade. A análise fatorial revelou uma estrutura de três fatores que poderiam explicar a 59% da variância, em linha com os modelos multidimensional anteriormente propostas. Aparecem os índices de ajuste adequado, assim como as correlações entre os itens e o sub-escalas a que corresponde (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Psicometria/instrumentação , Papel (figurativo) , Atletas/psicologia , Aptidão Física/psicologia , Esportes/psicologia , Comportamento Competitivo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
18.
Index enferm ; 25(3): 166-170, jul.-sept. 2016. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-158183

RESUMO

Las interacciones madre-hijo durante la alimentación en el primer año de vida tienen impacto duradero en la regulación del apetito y el desarrollo de obesidad actual y futura del individuo. Para los profesionales de enfermería es un reto y una nueva función prevenir problemas nutricionales en los lactantes. Contar con teorías de rango medio propias de enfermería que guíen el cuidado diario resulta indispensable. El presente trabajo presenta el desarrollo de la teoría de rango medio Modelo de rol materno en la alimentación del lactante, mediante el método de derivación teórica de Fawcett. Este modelo tiene como objetivo explicar cómo características maternas y del lactante influyen en el rol materno de alimentación y estado nutricional del hijo en el primer año de vida. Mediante este modelo se ofrece sustento teórico para la investigación e intervenciones de enfermería enfocadas a prevenir problemas de nutrición en el lactante


The mother-child interactions during feeding in the first year of life have lasting impact on appetite regulation and development of current and future obesity individual. For nursing professionals is a challenge prevent nutritional problems in infants. Having middle range theory own of nursing that guide daily care is indispensable. This work presents the theory of mid-range model maternal role in infant feeding, developed with the method of theoretical derivation of Fawcett´s. This model aims to explain how maternal and infant characteristics influence the maternal role of feeding and nutritional status of the child in the first year of life. This model offers theoretical basis for research and nursing interventions focused on preventing nutritional problems in infants


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Adulto , Comportamento Materno/psicologia , Obesidade Pediátrica/prevenção & controle , Aleitamento Materno/estatística & dados numéricos , Nutrição do Lactente , Relações Mãe-Filho , Fatores de Risco , Papel (figurativo)
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