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1.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 42(4): 179-186, Abr. 2024. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-232172

RESUMO

Introducción: Streptococcus pneumoniae causa enfermedades graves en la población susceptible. La vacuna neumocócica conjugada (PCV) 13-valente (PCV13) se incluyó en el calendario infantil en 2011. Este estudio analiza la evolución de los serotipos de neumococo y de sus resistencias tras la PCV13. Métodos: Se incluyeron los neumococos serotipados en Galicia en 2011-2021. Se estudió la sensibilidad antibiótica siguiendo criterios EUCAST. Se analizaron los datos en 3 subperíodos: inicial (2011-2013), medio (2014-2017) y final (2018-2021). Se calcularon las prevalencias de los serotipos y el porcentaje de resistencia a los antibióticos más representativos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 2.869 aislados. Inicialmente el 42,7% presentaba tipos capsulares incluidos en la PCV13, frente al 15,4% al final. Los incluidos en la PCV20 y no en la PCV13 y PCV15 fueron el 12,5% inicialmente y el 41,3% al final. El 26,4% de los serotipos a lo largo del estudio no estaban incluidos en ninguna vacuna. La prevalencia del serotipo 8 se multiplicó casi por 8 y la del 12F se triplicó. El serotipo 19A fue el más resistente inicialmente. La resistencia de los serotipos 11A y 15A aumentó a lo largo del estudio. Conclusiones: La introducción de la PCV13 en la población infantil determinó un cambio en los serotipos de neumococo hacia los incluidos en la PCV20 y los no incluidos en ninguna vacuna. El serotipo 19A inicialmente fue el más resistente, y el 15A, no incluido en ninguna vacuna, merece un especial seguimiento. El serotipo 8, que fue el que más se incrementó, no mostró resistencia destacable.(AU)


Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes serious diseases in the susceptible population. The 13-valent pneumococci conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was included in the children's calendar in 2011. The objective of the study was to analyze the evolution of pneumococcal serotypes and their resistance after PCV13. Methods: This study included the pneumococci serotyped in Galicia in 2011-2021. Antibiotic susceptibility was analyzed following EUCAST criteria. The data was analyzed in 3 sub-periods: initial (2011-2013), middle (2014-2017) and final (2018-2021). The prevalence of serotypes and their percentage of resistance to the most representative antibiotics were calculated. Results: A total of 2.869 isolates were included. Initially, 42.7% isolates presented capsular types included in PCV13, compared to 15.4% at the end. Those included in PCV20 and not in PCV13 and PCV15 were 12.5% at baseline and 41.3% at the end; 26.4% of the isolates throughout the study had serotypes not included in any vaccine. The prevalence of serotype 8 multiplied almost by 8 and that of 12F tripled. The 19A serotype was initially the most resistant, while the resistance of serotypes 11A and 15A increased throughout the study. Conclusions: The introduction of PCV13 in the pediatric population determined a change in pneumococcal serotypes towards those included in PCV20 and those not included in any vaccine. Serotype 19A was initially the most resistant and the 15A, not included in any vaccine, deserves special follow-up. Serotype 8, which increased the most, did not show remarkable resistance.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Streptococcus pneumoniae/genética , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Infecções Pneumocócicas , Prevalência , Sorogrupo , Espanha , Doenças Transmissíveis , Microbiologia
4.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 39(8): 383-389, Oct. 2021. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-209593

RESUMO

Introduction: We performed SBT (sequence-based typing) on clinical and environmental Legionellapneumophila isolates in Shenyang (China). We analyzed and compared the results with those obtained by PFGE (pulsed field gel electrophoresis). Methods: Twenty-two L. pneumophila isolates were collected from two patients with L. pneumophila infection, two hospitals, and 13 office buildings. There were two clinical isolates, one strain isolated from domestic tap water, another from shower water and 18 strains from cooling tower water. All these isolates were analyzed by SBT and PFGE methods. Results: The 22 isolates were divided into 7 types by SBT. Five isolates belonged to novel sequence types (ST2345, ST2344, ST2406, ST2407, and ST2408) and one isolate belonged to ST328. The STs were not obtained for two of the isolates. The remaining 14 isolates belonged to ST1. PFGE typing divided the 22 isolates into 14 pulsotypes. The main pulsotype was SYC, which included seven isolates. Conclusion: Both typing methods showed that predominant clonal lines exist in the Shenyang region, with high levels of genetic polymorphisms. Five novel STs were identified, indicating a unique genetic composition of L. pneumophila strains in this region, which are significantly different from those found in other environmental water systems in the world.(UA)


Introducción: Realizamos una tipificación mediante secuenciación (SBT) de aislados clínicos y ambientales de Legionellapneumophila en Shenyang, China. Analizamos y comparamos los resultados con los obtenidos por electroforesis en campo pulsado (PFGE). Métodos: Se recogieron 22 aislados de Legionella pneumophila de dos pacientes con infección por Legionella pneumophila, dos hospitales y 13 edificios de oficinas. Hubo dos aislados clínicos, una cepa aislada del agua del grifo doméstico, otra del agua de la ducha y 18 cepas del agua de la torre de refrigeración. Todos estos aislados se analizaron por los métodos SBT y PFGE. Resultados: Los 22 aislados se dividieron en siete tipos de SBT; cinco aislados pertenecían a nuevos tipos de secuencia (ST2345, ST2344, ST2406, ST2407 y ST2408) y un aislado pertenecía a ST328. No se obtuvieron secuenciotipos (ST) de dos de los aislados. Los 14 aislados restantes pertenecían a ST1. La tipificación por PGGE dividió los 22 aislados en 14 pulsotipos. El pulsotipo principal fue SYC, e incluyó siete aislados. Conclusión: Ambos métodos de tipificación mostraron que existen líneas clonales predominantes en la región de Shenyang, con altos niveles de polimorfismos genéticos. Se identificaron cinco nuevos ST, lo que indica una composición genética única de las cepas de Legionellapneumophila en esta región, que difieren significativamente de las que se encuentran en otros sistemas hídricos ambientales del mundo.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Isolamento de Pacientes , Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus , Legionella pneumophila , Eletroforese , Sorogrupo , China , Doenças Transmissíveis , Microbiologia
5.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 26(1): e1-e7, ene. 2021. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-200531

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Oral microorganisms produce damage through the transfer to bloodstream, colonizing other tissues or direct damage in the oral cavity. Aim to study the quantitative interactions between C. albicans and the mutans streptococci and ms serotypes in the saliva of the oral cavity of patients with Down syndrome (DS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Included 120 patients of both genders, 60 patients with Down syndrome (DS) and 60 patients as a control group (CG). Samples of saliva were taken, and bacteria and fungi were grown on TYCSB and Saboureaud agar. Microbiological, serological and quantitative analyses were performed to determine the kind of isolated of microorganisms corresponding to the ms c, e, f and k for species S. mutans and d and g for S. sobrinus and C. albicans. Electronic scanning microscopy was employed to visualize and confirm the colonies under study. Statistics analysis included t-test proofs for matched data test, Scheffé and ANOVA. RESULTS: Forming units (CFU) per mL of saliva of C. albicans a significant difference was observed among DS < CG groups. A correlation of the C. albicans quantity and the ms count was found by age intervals however, tendencies were different in SD and CG. Also, the CFU of C. albicans was different among the serotypes of ms (c, e, f, k < d, g, h, < notyped). CONCLUSIONS: These results show a significant non-random association between these two commensal microorganisms in different patient groups


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Saliva/microbiologia , Boca/microbiologia , Candida albicans/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Streptococcus mutans/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Síndrome de Down/microbiologia , Streptococcus mutans/isolamento & purificação , Candida albicans/isolamento & purificação , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Sorogrupo
6.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 37(2): 93-89, feb. 2019. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-181148

RESUMO

Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the main etiological agents of sexually transmitted infections worldwide. In 2006, a Swedish variant of C. trachomatis (Swedish-nvCT), which has a deletion of 377bp in the plasmid, was reported. In Latin America, Swedish-nvCT infections have not been reported. We investigated the presence of Swedish-nvCT in women with infertility in Mexico. Methods: Swedish-nvCT was searched in 69 C. trachomatis positive samples from 2339 endocervical specimens. We designed PCR primers to identify the deletion in the plasmid in the ORF1, and the presence of a repeated 44 bp in the ORF3. The sample with the deletion was genotyped with the genes of the major outer membrane protein A (ompA) and the polymorphic membrane protein (pmpH). Results: The deletion was detected in one of the 69 samples positive C. trachomatis of 2339 endocervical exudates. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the ompA shows a high degree of similarity with the Swedish nvCT (98%), however the variant found belongs to serovar D. The nucleotide sequence of the pmpH gene associates to the variant found in the genitourinary pathotype of the Swedish-nvCT but in different clusters. Conclusions: Our results revealed the presence of a new variant of C. trachomatis in Mexican patients. This variant found in Mexico belongs to serovar D based on the in silico analysis of the ompA and pmpH genes and differs to the Swedish-nvCT (serovars E). For these variants of C. trachomatis that have been found it is necessary to carry out a more detailed analysis, although the role of this mutation has not been demonstrated in the pathogenesis


Introducción: Chlamydia trachomatis es una de las principales bacterias que causan infecciones de transmisión sexual en todo el mundo. En 2006 se informó de una variante sueca de C. trachomatis (nvCT-sueca), que tiene una deleción de 377 bp en su plásmido. En América Latina no se ha informado de infecciones por la nvCT-sueca. El propósito de esta investigación fue la búsqueda de la nvCT-sueca en mujeres mexicanas con infertilidad. Métodos: Se analizaron 69 muestras positivas para C. trachomatis de 2.339 muestras endocervicales. Se diseñaron cebadores que identificaron la deleción de 377 pb en ORF1, y detección de un tándem de 44 pb repetidos en ORF3, como ocurre en la nvCT-sueca. Las muestras con la deleción fueron genotipificadas mediante los genes de la proteína principal de la membrana externa A (ompA) y de la proteína polimórfica de membrana H (pmpH). Resultados: La deleción se detectó en una de las 69 muestras (1,44%). El análisis de la secuencia del gen ompA mostró un alto grado de similitud con la nvCT-sueca (98%). Sin embargo, la variante encontrada perteneció al serovar D. La secuencia del gen pmpH se asoció al patotipo genitourinario, pero en diferentes clusters al de la nvCT-sueca. Conclusiones: Los resultados revelaron la presencia de una nueva variante de C. trachomatis en México con delección y que pertenece al serovar D con base al análisis in silico de los genes ompA y pmpH, y que difiere de la nvCT-sueca (serovares E). Se requiere conocer su prevalencia en México y en América Latina


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Chlamydia/microbiologia , Chlamydia trachomatis/classificação , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Infecções por Chlamydia/epidemiologia , Chlamydia trachomatis/genética , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolamento & purificação , Sorogrupo , Cervicite Uterina/epidemiologia , Cervicite Uterina/microbiologia , Deleção de Sequência , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico
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