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1.
Psicol. conduct ; 32(1): 203-219, Abr 1, 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-232229

RESUMO

Los objetivos de esta investigación son: 1) crear un instrumento válido y fiable que permita evaluar la percepción del riesgo que tienen del uso de la tecnología (móvil, Internet y videojuegos) niños y adolescentes; y 2) analizar la frecuencia con la que se dan algunas conductas de riesgo en función de la percepción, el uso de la tecnología y la edad. 807 niños y adolescentes de la provincia de Córdoba (España) respondieron una batería ad hoc que recoge información sobre datos sociodemográficos; uso problemático del móvil, internet y videojuegos; y percepción de riesgo con la “Escala de percepción del riesgo del uso de la tecnología para niños y adolescentes” (EPRUT). Los resultados indican que a partir del análisis factorial, la EPRUT cuenta con tres dimensiones que hacen referencia al móvil, Internet y videojuegos. Se han observado diferencias en función de la edad y la percepción de riesgo. Evaluar la percepción del riesgo favorecerá la detección y el desarrollo de programas de prevención de uso de la tecnología en niños y adolescentes.(AU)


The aim of this work is 1) to create a valid, reliable instrument with which toevaluate the risk perception of children and adolescents regarding their use oftechnology (cell phones, Internet, and video games); and 2) to analyze thefrequency with which some risk behaviors occur in relation to perception,technology use and age. 807 children and adolescents from the province ofCordoba (Spain) answered an ad hoc questionnaire with several instruments:sociodemographic data; problematic use of cell phones, Internet, and video games;and risk perception with the Scale on Risk Perception of Technology Use forchildren and adolescents (SRPTU). The results obtained from the factor analysisreveal that the RPSTU has three dimensions, related to cell phones, Internet, andvideo games, respectively. Differences were observed in the relationship betweenage and risk perception, with older people having the highest risk perception.Assessing risk perception will favor the detection and development of preventionprograms for the use of technology in children and adolescents.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Jogos de Vídeo , Psicometria , Uso do Telefone Celular , Internet , Dieta , Psicologia da Criança , Psicologia do Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente
2.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 55(11): 102708, Nov. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227011

RESUMO

Objetivo: Revisar la literatura científica disponible sobre la relación entre el uso de redes sociales y factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, tales como baja autoestima, insatisfacción corporal y/o idealización de delgadez, en población española. Diseño: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura científica publicada entre 2010 y 2022. Fuentes de datos: PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science. Selección de estudios: Se incluyeron solo artículos originales, publicados en español o inglés, que midieran al menos una variable de uso de redes sociales y al menos un factor de riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en población española. Extracción de datos: Se utilizó como guía la declaración PRISMA 2009. La calidad de los artículos seleccionados se evaluó mediante la lista de verificación de evaluación crítica del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Resultados: Se identificaron 12 artículos de diseño transversal que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. La evidencia apunta a que el uso y la frecuencia de uso de redes sociales se asocia significativamente con insatisfacción corporal (p≤0,01), impulso de la delgadez (p≤0,001) y baja autoestima (p≤0,05) en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes de la población española. Conclusiones: Los usuarios de redes sociales, principalmente de aquellas basadas en imágenes, se encuentran expuestos a factores que podrían incrementar su riesgo de desarrollar un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria.(AU)


Objective: Review the available scientific literature on the relationship between the use of social networks and risk factors for the development of eating disorders, such as low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and/or idealization of thinness, in the Spanish population. Design: A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2010 and 2022 was carried out. Data sources: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Selection of studies: Only original articles were included, published in Spanish or English, that measured at least one variable of use of social networks and at least one risk factor for eating disorders in the Spanish population. Data extraction: The PRISMA 2009 statement was used as a guide. The quality of selected articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results: Twelve cross-sectional studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. Evidence suggests that the use and frequency of use of social networks is significantly associated with body dissatisfaction (p≤0,01), drive for thinness (p≤0,001), and low self-esteem (p≤0,05) in adolescents and young adults in the Spanish population. Conclusions: Users of social networks, mainly those based on images, are exposed to factors that could increase their risk of developing an eating disorder.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Redes Sociais Online , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Autoimagem , Imagem Corporal , Espanha , Telemedicina , Fatores de Risco , Internet , Magreza
3.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(4): 234-244, Oct 15, 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228868

RESUMO

In the rapidly evolving landscape of sports news and sports psychology, driven by the proliferation of mobile Internet and Internet media in China, it is essential to recognize two pivotal factors shaping the discourse. Firstly, there is the imperative 'construction of new liberal arts' within professional knowledge education. Secondly, the practice of news communication is undergoing transformative changes due to media integration, particularly in the context of sports news concerning Chinese athletes. These two dynamics together create a favorable environment, underpinned by robust policy support, for interdisciplinary research at the intersection of sports psychology and sports news communication. Within the academic realm, our efforts must be attuned to the evolving curriculum and the unique challenges posed by this dynamic landscape. Such an approach is instrumental in advancing in-depth interdisciplinary research at the confluence of sports psychology and the communication of sports news. Recent years have witnessed an upsurge in research interest in media communication, with a pronounced emphasis on sports. In light of this, we have a unique opportunity to conduct a comprehensive analysis of interdisciplinary interactions within the domain of sports news and sports psychology. To facilitate this, we propose employing advanced knowledge graph techniques and correlation analysis. In this specialized context, the interdisciplinary study of sports psychology and sports news communication can be envisaged as a dynamic process that involves the assimilation and dissemination of specialized knowledge. We advocate for the application of a network environment correlation analysis method rooted in knowledge mapping principles. This approach entails the development of a tailored knowledge map specific to the realm of sports news concerning Chinese athletes, within the framework of sports psychology. Furthermore, we will explore the creation of efficient storage and retrieval mechanisms to optimize the effectiveness of our research pursuits in this exciting and evolving field.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Psicologia do Esporte , Esportes , Internet , Jornalismo , Comunicação , China , Correlação de Dados
4.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(4): 298-307, Oct 15, 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228873

RESUMO

Due to the inadequacy of broadcasting right, information network transmission right, and rebroadcasting right, the number of infringing rebroadcasts of sporting events is rising. Combined with sophisticated mathematical analysis techniques, the research literature on the legal risk prediction of sports event rebroadcasting in the Internet era is scarce. This study examines the legal risk prognosis, prevention, and management of sports event rebroadcasting in the Internet era. The feature variable set of the sample set is subjected to feature filtering, reducing the prediction model's complexity. Stacking is used to integrate the LightGBM and Logistic regression models, and the Logistic regression legal risk prediction procedure is described. Based on LightGBM, this study predicts the legal hazards associated with Internet rebroadcasting of sporting events. Moreover, these research results validate the model's efficacy.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Internet , Disseminação de Informação , Esportes
5.
Interv. psicosoc. (Internet) ; 32(3): 155-163, Sept. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-224232

RESUMO

Sexual solicitation and sexualized interaction with minors by adults constitute one of the most pernicious risks of the Internet. Little is known about the age range in which this phenomenon is most prevalent or the relationship and overlap of this problem with other risks, such as peer-to-peer cybervictimization and cyber dating abuse. Additionally, little empirical evidence exists on whether the overlap between these types of online victimization affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to: 1) analyze the prevalence of sexual solicitation and interaction according to sex and stage of adolescence; 2) relate this problem to other forms of online victimization (cybervictimization and cyber dating abuse); 3) analyze the overlap between these forms of online victimization and differences in HRQoL scores. A cross-sectional and analytical study with 3,578 adolescents (52.7% girls) aged between 10-15 years was carried out. Of the adolescents in the study sample, 12.6% (n = 448) had received sexual requests and 6.4% (n = 230) had interacted sexually with adults. Sexual solicitation was most common among girls in middle adolescence. Of the participants, 33.9% (n = 1,216) had been involved in some form of online victimization. Peer cybervictimization and cyber dating abuse were positively and significantly correlated with sexualized solicitation/interactions with adults. Victims with the overlapping of all three types of online victimization (2.7%, n = 98) presented the lowest HQRoL scores (p < .001).(AU)


La solicitación e interacción sexual con menores por parte de adultos constituyen uno de los riesgos más perniciosos de Internet. Se sabe poco sobre la franja de edad en el que es más frecuente o sobre la relación y el solapamiento de este problema con otros riesgos, como la cibervictimización entre iguales y el abuso online en la pareja. Además, existen pocas evidencias empíricas sobre si el solapamiento entre estos tipos de victimización afecta a la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) analizar la prevalencia de la solicitación/interacción sexual en función del sexo y la etapa de la adolescencia, 2) relacionar esta problemática con la cibervictimización entre iguales y el abuso online en la pareja, 3) analizar el solapamiento entre estas formas de victimización online y sus diferencias en las puntaciones de CVRS. Se trata de un estudio transversal y analítico con 3,578 adolescentes (52.7% chicas) entre 10-15 años. El 12.6% (n = 448) habían recibido solicitaciones sexuales y el 6.4% (n = 230) había interactuado sexualmente con adultos. La solicitación sexual fue más frecuente en chicas en la adolescencia media. Un 33.9% (n = 1,216) había sufrido algún tipo de victimización online. La cibervictimización entre iguales y el abuso online en la pareja correlacionaron positiva y significativamente con solicitaciones/interacciones sexualizadas con adultos. Las víctimas que solaparon los tres tipos de victimización online (2.7%, n = 98) presentaron las puntuaciones de CVRS más bajas (p < .001).(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Delitos Sexuais , Abuso Sexual na Infância/prevenção & controle , Abuso Sexual na Infância/psicologia , Abuso Sexual na Infância/estatística & dados numéricos , Abuso Sexual na Infância/tendências , Assédio Sexual , Estudos Transversais , Vítimas de Crime , Cyberbullying , Internet , Prevalência , Qualidade de Vida , Espanha
6.
Enferm. glob ; 22(71): 547-585, jul. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222972

RESUMO

Introducción: Los podcasts han ganado mucho espacio en la comunicación y transmisión de información en diversas áreas y pueden contribuir a la implementación de la educación para la salud para el autocuidado de las personas con ostomía, ya que permite orientar, aclarar dudas y traer perspectivas para el futuro de la calidad de vida. Así, este estudio buscó analizar en la literatura y en las plataformas digitales de audio las características de los podcasts educativos sobre ostomía intestinal. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión de escopo, realizada de junio a septiembre de 2022, desarrollada según la referencia teórica del Instituto Joanna Briggs - JBI. Realiza la búsqueda de artículos y literatura cinzenta en las bases de datos a través de la Comunidad Académica Federada (CAFe). La etapa de prospección tecnológica se produjo a través de la búsqueda en las plataformas Spotify y Deezer. Los datos se transcribieron y organizaron en la hoja de cálculo Excel de Microsoft® Office para su análisis. Resultados: La búsqueda encontró un estudio sobre el tema con producción de 4 episodios en formato de entrevista y en lengua portuguesa. En la búsqueda tecnológica se encontraron 14 podcasts, 119 episodios con prevalencia en Spotify, en idioma inglés, guiones del tipo "entrevista" y compuestos por presentador e invitados. Conclusión: El estudio permitió analizar las características de los podcasts sobre los estomas intestinales y afirmó su importancia como herramientas alternativas para la educación sanitaria. Destacamos la importancia del carácter social e informativo de los podcasts sobre estomas para la práctica educativa en salud, así como una herramienta que busca reducir los prejuicios hacia la persona con estomas. (AU)


Introduction: Podcasts have gained a lot of space in the communication and transmission of information in various areas and can contribute to the implementation of health education for the self-care of people with ostomy, since it allows guidance, clarifying doubts and bringing prospects for future quality of life. Thus, this study sought to analyze in the literature and in the digital audio platforms the characteristics of educational podcasts about intestinal ostomy. Methodology: this is a scoping review, conducted from June to September 2022, developed according to the theoretical framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute – JBI. A search for articles and gray literature was carried out in databases via the Federated Academic Community (CAFe). The technological prospection stage occurred through a search on the Spotify and Deezer platforms. The data were transcribed and organized in a Microsoft® Office Excel spreadsheet for analysis. Results: The search found one study on the theme with the production of 4 episodes in the interview format and in Portuguese. In the technological search, 14 podcasts were found, 119 episodes with prevalence in Spotify, in English language, scripts of the “interview” type and composed of host and guests. Conclusion: the study allowed us to analyze the characteristics of the podcasts about intestinal stomas and affirmed their importance as alternative tools for health education. We highlight the importance of the social and informational character of the podcasts about ostomy for the health education practice, as well as a tool that seeks to reduce prejudice against the person with ostomy. (AU)


Introdução: Os podcasts têm ganhado bastante espaço na comunicação e na transmissão de informação nas mais variadas áreas e podem contribuir para a implementação da educação em saúde para o autocuidado de pessoas com estomia, uma vez possibilita orientar, esclarecer dúvidas e trazer perspectivas para qualidade de vida futura. Dessa forma, esse estudo buscou analisar na literatura e nas plataformas digitais de áudios as características dos podcasts educativos sobre estomias intestinais. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, realizada de junho a setembro de 2022, desenvolvida segundo referencial teórico do Joanna Briggs Institute – JBI. Realizou-se busca de artigos e literatura cinzenta nas bases de dados via Comunidade Acadêmica Federada (CAFe). A etapa de prospecção tecnológica ocorreu através da busca nas plataformas Spotify e Deezer. Os dados foram transcritos e organizados em planilha no Microsoft® Office Excel para análise. Resultados: A busca permitiu encontrar um estudo sobre a temática com produção de 4 episódios no formato entrevista e no idioma português. Já na busca tecnológica foram encontrados 14 podcasts, 119 episódios com prevalência no Spotify, no idioma inglês, roteiros do tipo “entrevista” e compostos por apresentador e convidados. Conclusão: O estudo permitiu analisar as características dos podcasts sobre estomias intestinais e afirmou a importância deles como ferramentas alternativas para educação em saúde. Ressalta-se a importância de caráter social e informacional dos podcasts sobre estomias para a prática educativa em saúde, assim como uma ferramenta que busca reduzir o preconceito frente a pessoa com estomias. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Estomia , Meios de Comunicação de Massa , Educação em Saúde , Internet , Disseminação de Informação
7.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 23(90): 181-200, jun. 2023. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222610

RESUMO

Public health service is an inherent requirement to promote comprehensive development and is a standard for economic and social development. The Chinese Office of the State Office announced the "proposal to promote the sustainable development of the Internet technology medical health" "medical health application of Internet technology is beneficial to the intelligent management capabilities of medical and health care, enhance resource allocation, independent innovation services, reduce service efficiency, reduce the cost of service fees, to meet the growing number of the general public medical and health requirements. In the new socialist era, medical and health care has become the most important concern for social development and people, and "health for all" has become a strategy. In China's medical system reform for more than 40 years, the introduction of big data technology has also brought new changes to the medical field, which is expected to deal with the problem of "difficult and expensive medical care" and improve the allocation of medical resources, and the development of information technology is the trend of the whole industry. The paper focuses on the development of public health management methods and challenges within the framework of "Internet technology". (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Pública/tendências , Gestão em Saúde , Internet , China
8.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 46(3,supl): 16-21, mar. 2023. tab
Artigo em Português | IBECS | ID: ibc-216893

RESUMO

Enquadramento: A transição parental pode ter um significado relevante na saúde mental dos pais. Facilitar esta transição é uma importante função dos enfermeiros. A informoterapia pode beneficiar tomadas de decisão parentais. Um portal orientado para a promoção das competências parentais administrado pela internet, integrado no plano de cuidados individual, pode promover competências parentais, neste caso, relativamente à segurança do recém-nascido. Objetivos: Definir um modelo de dados relativo às oportunidades de desenvolvimento do conhecimento parental sobre segurança do recém-nascido articulado com a ontologia de enfermagem, definir conteúdos multimédia necessários para uma literacia promotora da transição parental saudável. Metodologia: Análise de conteúdo ao material usado nos cursos de preparação e apoio à parentalidade e gravidez em funcionamento nos anos 2020 e 2021, no âmbito das Unidades de Cuidados na Comunidade dos Centros de Saúde da Boavista e de Paranhos. O processo de análise foi realizado por 3 investigadores sem modelo de análise à priori. Resultados: Relativamente ao conhecimento sobre segurança, foram identificadas duas categorias: segurança rodoviária e segurança não rodoviária. Na categoria segurança rodoviária foram definidas vinte subcategorias do conhecimento. Para cada subcategoria determinaram-se questões a colocar aos pais e o elenco de respostas indicativas de conhecimento facilitador ou potencial para melhorar o conhecimento. Conclusões: O conhecimento associado à transição parental pode ser alterado pela ação do enfermeiro através da informoterapia. O uso da internet mediado pelo enfermeiro pode promover a literacia em saúde como parte do processo de cuidados, facilitando a mestria dos pais e a perceção da sua saúde mental. (AU)


Background: Parental transition can impact parents’ mental health. Facilitating this transition process is an essential role of nurses. Information therapy can benefit parental decision-making. A website oriented towards the promotion of parenting skills administered over the internet, integrated into the individual care plan, can promote parenting skills such as newborn safety. Objectives: To define a data model regarding the opportunities for developing parental knowledge about newborn safety, articulated with a nursing ontology, and to define multimedia content appropriated for literacy that promotes a healthy parental transition. Methodology: A content analysis on the material used in parenting and pregnancy courses was carried out under the scope of Boavista and Paranhos Health Centers in 2020 and 2021. The analysis was performed by three independent researchers without a prior analysis model. Results: In the domain of parents’ knowledge about newborn safety, two categories were identified: newborn safety in traffic and newborn safety other than traffic. In the newborn safety in the traffic category, twenty subcategories of knowledge were identified. For each subcategory, a set of questions were defined to be answered by parents and a set of possible answers that represents accurate knowledge and lack of knowledge on each issue. Conclusions: Parents’ knowledge about newborn safety can be modified by nursing therapeutics using information therapy. Nurse-mediated internet use can promote health literacy as part of the care process by facilitating parents’ mastery and perception of their mental health. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Mental , Poder Familiar , Medicina na Literatura , Internet , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros
9.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 49(1): 37-40, Ene-Mar. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-218268

RESUMO

Se reporta un caso de suicidio por ingesta de nitritos. Se trata de una joven que fue hallada muerta en un vehículo junto a una serie de objetos, entre ellos una bolsa de polvo blanco etiquetada como «nitrito sódico» y comprimidos de lorazepam, paracetamol y metoclopramida. La autopsia reveló signos compatibles con metahemoglobinemia. Se remitieron muestras de sangre, humor vítreo y contenido gástrico, así como la bolsa con el polvo, los comprimidos y otros objetos al Servicio de Drogas del Departamento de Madrid del Instituto Nacional de Toxicología y Ciencias Forenses. El polvo fue identificado como nitrito sódico, y se detectaron concentraciones de nitritos en las muestras biológicas similares a las de otras intoxicaciones letales. El porcentaje de metahemoglobina en sangre fue del 80%. La existencia de páginas en Internet donde el suicidio con nitritos y metoclopramida es detalladamente descrito, así como el aumento del reporte de este tipo de suicidios, alertan acerca de una posible tendencia. (AU)


A case of suicide by nitrites ingestion is reported: a young woman was found death into a car with various objetcs around her, such as a white powder bag labelled as «sodium nitrite» and pills of lorazepam, acetaminophen and metoclopramide. The autopsy revealed signs compatible with methemoglobinemia and samples of blood, vitreous and gastric content were submitted to the Drugs Service of the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences in Madrid, as well as the powder bag, the pills and other objects. The white powder was identified as sodium nitrite, and nitrites concentrations similar to other fatalities were detected in biological samples. The methemoglobin level was 80%. The existence of websites where suicide with nitrites and metoclopramide is described step-by-step, joined to the increasement of reports about these fatalities, alert us to a possible trend. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Intoxicação , Suicídio , Nitrito de Sódio/efeitos adversos , Nitrito de Sódio/toxicidade , Internet , Metemoglobina
10.
Rev. psicol. clín. niños adolesc ; 10(1): 84-90, Enero 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-214146

RESUMO

Behavioural addictions such as Internet addiction (IA) and, more specifically, Internet gaming disorder (IGD) or video game addiction, have increased their prevalence in recent years in the child and adolescent population. The aim of the present study was to review and synthesise the existingevidence on the effectiveness of psychological treatments for addressing this addiction, as well as to compare them with other types of treatment. Tothis end, an in-depth search for systematic reviews and meta-analyses was carried out across different databases (WOS, Scopus, PubmMed, Cochrane), inclusion and exclusion criteria were set, and guidelines for the search strategy were defined, as well as the study selection method. A totalof 14 reviews and meta-analyses were reviewed. The results showed that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) was the most studied psychologicaltreatment, consistently showing effectiveness in reducing the symptoms and severity of IA/IGD. Furthermore, CBT appeared to be more effectivewhen combined with other types of treatment such as pharmacological treatment. It is concluded that there is a need to investigate the effectivenessof psychological treatments for IA/IGD separately in order to provide appropriate interventions to reduce the severity of addiction and improve thequality of life and well-being of children and adolescents. (AU)


Las adicciones conductualescomo la adicción a internet (IA) y, concretamente, el trastorno de juego por internet (IGD) o adicción a videojuegos, han aumentado su prevalenciaen los últimos años en población infanto-juvenil. El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una revisión de revisiones para agrupar y sintetizar laevidencia existente acerca de la efectividad de los tratamientos psicológicos para abordar este tipo de adición, así como compararlos con otrostipos de tratamiento. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva de revisiones sistemáticas y/o meta-análisis en diferentes bases de datos (WOS,Scopus, PubmMed, Cochrane), se establecieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y se definió la estrategia de búsqueda, así como el método deselección de los estudios. En total se revisaron 14 revisiones y meta-análisis. Los resultaron evidenciaron que la terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC)fue el tratamiento psicológico más estudiado, mostrando consistentemente efectividad para reducir los síntomas y la severidad de IA/IGD. Además,la TCC parece ser más efectiva cuando se combinaba con otros tipos de tratamiento como el farmacológico. Se concluye la necesidad de investigarla efectividad de los tratamientos psicológicos para IA/IGD de manera diferenciada con el objetivo de establecer intervenciones adecuadas quepermitan reducir la gravedad de la adicción y mejorar el bienestar y la calidad de vida de los niños y adolescentes. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Psicoterapia/métodos , Psicoterapia/tendências , Internet/tendências , Medicina do Vício/tendências , Jogos de Vídeo/psicologia , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto
11.
Adicciones (Palma de Mallorca) ; 35(1): 57-66, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-215865

RESUMO

La adolescencia es un período vulnerable para el desarrollo de conductas adictivas. El uso de sustancias (US) y el uso problemático deInternet (UPI) generalmente comienzan durante esta etapa de desarrollo. El mindfulness rasgo (MD) se ha propuesto como un factorprotector para los y las adolescentes frente a numerosos problemaspsicológicos. Estudios previos sugieren que la faceta Observar de MDpuede moderar los roles de las otras facetas. El objetivo del presenteestudio fue analizar longitudinalmente si las facetas de MD podíanpredecir niveles más bajos de UPI y US entre los y las adolescentes, yevaluar si la faceta Observar moderaba las asociaciones entre las otrasfacetas de MD y las conductas adictivas. Un total de 836 participantesde entre 11 y 18 años completaron medidas de UPI, US y las cincofacetas de MD. Los resultados indicaron que Actuar con concienciapredijo niveles más bajos de US, Describir predijo un aumento tantode UPI como de US y No juzgar predijo marginalmente niveles másbajos de UPI. Además, la faceta Observar fue beneficiosa frente a UPIcuando se combinó con altos niveles de Actuar con conciencia, perono fue beneficiosa cuando se combinó con altos niveles de Describir.Se discuten las implicaciones y direcciones futuras para el estudio empírico de MD frente a conductas adictivas. (AU)


Adolescence is a vulnerable period for the development of addictivebehaviors, and substance use (SU) and problematic Internet use(PIU) typically start during this developmental stage. DispositionalMindfulness (DM) has been proposed as a protective factor for adolescents against numerous psychological problems. Previous studieshave suggested that the Observing facet of DM may moderate theother facets’ roles. The objective of this study was to longitudinallyanalyze whether the facets of DM could predict lower levels of PIUand SU among adolescents, and to assess whether the Observing facetmoderated the associations between the other facets of DM and addictive behaviors. A total of 836 participants aged 11 to 18 completedmeasures of PIU, SU, and the five facets of DM. The results indicatedthat Acting with Awareness predicted lower SU, Describing predictedan increase in both PIU and SU, and Non-judging marginally predicted lower PIU. Furthermore, Observing was beneficial against PIUwhen combined with high levels of Acting with Awareness, but wasnot when combined with high levels of Describing. The implicationsand future directions for the empirical study of DM against addictivebehaviors are discussed. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Atenção Plena , Internet , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias
12.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(2): 229-237, Jun 20, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-225182

RESUMO

Unconsciously, mobile Internet information influences college students' sports behavior and awareness, although the exact consequences have not been widely studied. The majority of the extant research focuses on behavioral science and sports communication. Using past research as a foundation, this study investigates the impact of mobile Internet on college students' sports behavior and awareness. In particular, a static structural analysis was performed on an intervention event network for the effect of mobile Internet on college students' sports behavior and awareness. Then, using system event analysis, a well-established method in complex system research, the interaction link between distinct intervention events in the network was investigated in depth, and the composite degree of effect between them was calculated. The core logic and action mechanism of the event-based hierarchy model were then revealed using the integrated fuzzy-interpretative structural model. Finally, experiments confirmed that the proposed paradigm was successful.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Estudantes/psicologia , Saúde do Estudante , Saúde Mental , Exercício Físico , Esportes/tendências , Internet
13.
Adicciones (Palma de Mallorca) ; 35(2): 107-118, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222452

RESUMO

El Uso problemático general de Internet (GPIU) supone un uso disfuncionaldel manejo y la gestión de Internet en general. En cambio, el Trastornode juego por Internet (IGD) es una conducta específica vinculada a losvideojuegos en línea. Ambos problemas comienzan a ser frecuentes enadolescentes, pero apenas han sido estudiados simultáneamente ni se conoceel papel conjunto de ambos constructos sobre Calidad de vida relacionadacon la salud (CVRS). El objetivo general de este estudio es analizar larelación entre el GPIU y el IGD y su asociación con la CVRS. El estudioes analítico y transversal con 2024 participantes (46,4% chicos, n = 939)procedentes de 16 colegios en 7 regiones españolas. La media de edad ydesviación típica fue de 14,20±1,42 en un rango de 11-18 años. Se usaronlas versiones españolas del KIDSCREEN-10, del Revised Generalized andProblematic Internet Use Scale 2 y del Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. Un 15,5%del total de la muestra evaluada reportó niveles altos de GPIU y un 3,3%de los jugadores de videojuegos presentó IGD. Las dimensiones del GPIUestán altamente asociadas a las del IGD. La CVRS correlacionó significativay negativamente con todas las dimensiones del GPIU y del IGD (p < ,001).Los participantes que reportaron problemas en el GPIU o el IGD, individualo conjuntamente, presentan puntuaciones significativamente más bajas en la CVRS. (AU)


General Problematic Internet Use (GPIU) is a dysfunctional use of Internethandling and management in general. In contrast, Internet GamingDisorder (IGD) is a specific behaviour linked to online videogames. Bothproblems are becoming common in adolescents, but they have hardly beenstudied simultaneously, and the joint relationship of the two constructs withHealth-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is unknown. The general objectiveof this study is to analyse the relationship between GPIU and IGD andtheir association with HRQoL. The study is analytical and cross-sectionalwith 2,024 participants (46.4% boys, n = 939) from 16 schools of 7 Spanishregions. The mean age and standard deviation were 14.20±1.42, with arange of 11-18 years. The Spanish versions of the KIDSCREEN-10, theRevised Generalized and Problematic Internet Use Scale 2 and the InternetGaming Disorder Scale were used. Of the total sample evaluated, 15.5%of the participants had high levels of GPIU, and 3.3% of video gameplayers presented IGD. The dimensions of GPIU are strongly associatedwith those of IGD. HRQoL correlated significantly and negatively withall the dimensions of GPIU and IGD (p <.001). Participants who reportedproblems with GPIU or IGD, individually or conjointly, had significantlylower scores in HRQoL than those with no problems. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Internet , Jogos de Vídeo/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia
14.
Adicciones (Palma de Mallorca) ; 35(2): 177-184, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222458

RESUMO

El uso problemático de internet (UPI) entre las personas con discapacidadha recibido muy poca atención en la literatura científica. El objetivo de estetrabajo es estudiar el UPI entre los estudiantes universitarios españoles condiscapacidad, y si se relaciona con malestar y problemas psicológicos. En elestudio participaron 432 universitarios españoles con discapacidad de seisuniversidades (35 %: discapacidad motora, 22,7 %: discapacidad sensorialy 42,1 %: otras discapacidades, excluyendo la discapacidad psíquicao intelectual). El UPI se evaluó mediante el Test de Adicción a Internet(IAT), mientras que los problemas psicológicos se evaluaron mediante elcuestionario Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure(CORE-OM). La prevalencia del UPI fue del 6,3 %, y no hubo diferenciasestadísticamente significativas por sexo, tipo de discapacidad o estudios. Síhubo diferencias en función de la edad (< 22 mostraron una prevalencia 5veces mayor), origen de la discapacidad (discapacidad congénita mostraronuna prevalencia 3,7 veces mayor) y tipo principal de uso (recreativo). Laprevalencia de problemas psicológicos es significativamente mayor entre losusuarios problemáticos de Internet, en todas las dimensiones medidas porel CORE-OM (problemas psicológicos, bienestar subjetivo, funcionamientogeneral y riesgo de autolesión y de daño a otros). En conclusión, los estudiantesuniversitarios con discapacidad desde el nacimiento (independientementedel tipo de discapacidad y del sexo), menores de 22 años y que utilizanInternet principalmente con fines recreativos y las redes sociales tienenmayor riesgo de sufrir trastornos psicológicos y mayor vulnerabilidad aproblemas como ansiedad y dificultades en las relaciones sociales. (AU)


Problematic internet use (PIU) among people with disabilities has receivedvery little attention in scientific literature. The objective of this work isto study PIU among Spanish university students with disabilities, anddetermine whether it is related to the presence of psychological problemsand discomfort. A total of 432 Spanish university students with disabilitiesfrom six universities participated in the study (35% motor disability, 22.7%sensory disability and 42.1% other disabilities, excluding psychical orintellectual disability). PIU in the sample was assessed using the InternetAddiction Test (IAT), while psychological problems were assessed usingthe Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (COREOM). PIU prevalence was 6.3%, and significant differences were foundby age (< 22 had a PIU prevalence five times higher), onset of disability(prevalence was 3.7 times higher in those with congenital disability) andmain type of internet use (recreational). There were no differences by sex,level of education or type of disability. In all the dimensions measured byCORE-OM (psychological problems, subjective well-being, life functioningand risk of self-harm and harm to others), the prevalence of psychologicalproblems was significantly higher among problematic internet users. Inconclusion, university students who are disabled from birth (regardless oftheir type of disability and sex), under the age of 22, and use the internetmainly for social networking and recreational purposes are at greater risk ofpsychological distress and are more vulnerable to problems like anxiety anddifficulties with social relationships. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Estudos sobre Deficiências , Internet , Estudantes/psicologia , e-Acessibilidade
15.
Psicol. conduct ; 31(3): 613-630, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228383

RESUMO

Las creencias y expectativas sobre hipnosis de pacientes/clientes y de profesionales cualificados influyen en la decisión de usar este procedimiento, así́ como en sus efectos. Por otro lado, en Internet hay mucha información sobre hipnosis, que configura la opinión del público y de los profesionales. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar la calidad de la información difundida por la prensa online no especializada. Se han analizado 334 (de 2011 a 2012) y 200 artículos (de 2018 a 2019) publicados en español en prensa online no especializada. Los resultados muestran que, aunque un elevado número de artículos desmitifica la hipnosis, muchos de ellos difunden mitos al mismo tiempo. El mayor porcentaje de artículos que desmitifican la hipnosis está asociado al tema “Ciencia y Cultura”. Los resultados indican que los mitos están ampliamente presentes en la cultura popular y se mantienen con el apoyo de su continua difusión en los artículos de prensa online. Esto reafirma la importancia de fomentar la difusión de evidencia científica disponible sobre la investigación aplicada y básica sobre hipnosis. (AU)


The patients/clients and the skilled professionals’ beliefs and expectations about hypnosis, influence the decision to use this procedure as well as its effects. On the other hand, in the Internet there is plenty of information about hypnosis, which shapes opinions of public and professionals. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the quality of the information disseminated by non-specialized online press. 334 articles (from 2011 to 2012) and 200 articles (from 2018-2019) written in Spanish and published online in non-specialized publications press have been analyzed. Results show that, although a high number of articles demystify hypnosis, many of them disseminate myths as well. The highest percentage ofarticles that demystify hypnosis is associated with the press topic “Science and Culture”. Results indicate that myths are broadly present in the popular culture and are maintained with the support of their ongoing dissemination in the newspapers online articles. This supports the importance of fostering the dissemination of scientific available evidence about applied and basic research on hypnosis. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hipnose , Meios de Comunicação de Massa , Disseminação de Informação , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Internet
16.
Index enferm ; 32(1): [e12684], 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-220669

RESUMO

Objetivo principal: Descubrir las interacciones de los individuos con los memes relacionados con procesos o ideas acerca de la investigación. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo a través de diseño etnográfíco virtual dentro de los sistemas particulares de las páginas de Facebook abiertas al público en general. Resultados principales: Resultaron cinco categorías principales: (1) alteraciones físicas y emocionales; (2) analogía paternidad/maternidad y tesis; (3) principales complicaciones de la tesis; (4) tesis inconclusa: de la utopía al pretexto; y (5) principales motivos para concluir la tesis. Conclusión principal: los memes han edificado una cultura positiva hacia la investigación mostrándola como algo que produce satisfacción, autorealización y trascendencia a quien la realiza.(AU)


Objective: To discover interactions of individuals with memes related to processes or ideas about research. Methods: Qualitative study through virtual ethnographic design within the particular systems of Facebook pages open to the general public. Results: Five main categories were found: (1) physical and emotional alterations; (2) paternity / maternity analogy and thesis; (3) main complications of the thesis; 4) unfinished thesis: from utopia to pretext and; (5) main reasons to conclude the thesis. Conclusions: Memes have built a positive culture towards research by showing it as something that produces satisfaction, self-realization and transcendence to those who carry it out.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pesquisa em Enfermagem , Conhecimento , Enfermagem , Rede Social , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Internet
17.
Index enferm ; 32(1): [e13168], 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-220678

RESUMO

Las comunidades virtuales de pacientes en Internet son una fuente de datos potencial para investigaciones cualitativas, permitiendo explorar la perspectiva y vivencia de los pacientes sobre sus problemas de salud. En este artículo analizamos las posibilidades de utilización de estas comunidades virtuales y aportamos una propuesta metodológica. Se parte de una revisión bibliográfica y se realiza una adaptación práctica de la metodología cualitativa siguiendo el esquema: pregunta de investigación-objetivos-hipótesis-muestreo-análisis de hilos de conversación. Se aplican principios de netnografía y ciberhabla. La base de muestreo son lugares web de comunidades virtuales de pacientes, seleccionadas según enfermedad, objetivos y calidad, estableciendo límites temporales. Contenido del análisis de los hilos: tema, número de participantes, secuencias conversacionales, protagonistas, reglas y clima. Se realiza un informe provisional, definitivo tras la devolución a la comunidad virtual para aportaciones. El ciclo se reinicia si no se responden las preguntas de investigación.(AU)


Virtual Patient Communities are a potential data source for qualitative research, allowing to explore the patient perspective and experience about their chronic diseases. In this article we analyse the possibilities of using these virtual patient communities, and we provide a methodological proposal. It starts from a bibliographic review and a practical adaptation to the qualitative methodology is carried out following the scheme: research question-objectives-hypothesis-sampling-analysis of conversation threads. Principles of netnography and netspeak are applied. The sampling frame is websites of virtual patient communities that are selected according to disease, objectives, quality and time limits. Content of the analysis of the threads: theme, number of participants, conversational sequences, protagonists, rules and climate. A provisional report is made, and the definitive report will be make after the return to virtual patient community for their contributions. The cycle restarts if the research questions are not answered.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ciências da Saúde , Doença Crônica , Internet , Pesquisa Qualitativa
19.
An. psicol ; 38(3): 469-477, Oct-Dic. 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-208819

RESUMO

Caplan's (2010) revised cognitive-behavioral model of Problem-atic Internet Use (PIU) has become one of the most promising theoretical frameworks on such behavior in the last decade. The Generalized Prob-lematic Internet Use Scale (GPIUS2) (Caplan, 2010) has been adapted and validated for use with Spanish adolescents, but gender invariance has not been tested yet in this country. The present study focuses on three objec-tives: to confirm the factorial structure of GPIUS2, to analyze gender in-variance, and to test Caplan’s theoretical model, in a sample of Spanish ad-olescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample was com-posed of 909 participants from Spain, agedbetween 12 and 18 years (Mean age= 14.2, SD= 1.6). The results indicated a good fit of the GPIUS2 fac-tor structure and gender factorial invariance. Moreover, the cognitive-behavioral model fit the data. GPIUS2 has a very good structure and pre-sents gender factorial invariance, which favors its application in Spanish adolescent population. This study supports the cognitive-behavioral model of PIU.(AU)


El modelo cognitivo-conductual revisado de Caplan (2010) so-bre el Uso Problemático de Internet (UPI) es uno de los marcos teóricos más prometedores sobre dicho comportamiento en la última década. La Escala Uso Problemático de Internet Generalizado(GPIUS2) (Caplan, 2010) ha sido adaptada y validada para su uso con adolescentes españoles, pero aún no se ha comprobado su invarianza de género en España. El pre-sente estudio se centra en tres objetivos: confirmar la estructura factorial de la escala GPIUS2, analizar la invarianza de género de dicha escala y poner a prueba el modelo teórico de Caplan en una muestra de adolescentes espa-ñoles. Se realizó un estudio transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 909 participantes de España, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 años (Edad media= 14.2, DT= 1.6). Los resultados indicaron un buen ajuste de la estructura factorial del GPIUS2 e invarianza factorial en fun-ción del género. Además, el modelo cognitivo-conductual mostró un buen ajuste de los datos. La GPIUS2 tiene una muy buena estructura y presenta invarianza factorial para el género, lo que favorece su aplicación en la po-blación adolescente española. Este estudio apoya el modelo cognitivo-conductual en el UPI.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Síndrome de Caplan , Internet , Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental , Transtornos de Ansiedade , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente , Psicologia do Adolescente , Saúde do Adolescente , Ensino Fundamental e Médio , Espanha , Estudos Transversais , Psicologia , Psicologia Clínica , Medicina do Comportamento
20.
Interv. psicosoc. (Internet) ; 31(3): 177-184, septiembre 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-210532

RESUMO

Sexual abuse of adolescents by adults on the Internet is a severe risk with negative consequences for the victims. However, there is an important gap in the development of preventive interventions to address this problem. This study evaluated the efficacy of a brief (less than one hour) educational intervention on online grooming (less than one hour) in reducing adolescents’ sexual interaction behaviors with adults when they are sexually solicited. A sample of 856 Spanish adolescents (48% girls, ages 11-17 years) was randomized into two intervention conditions (educational intervention about online grooming and a resilience control intervention). Adolescents completed measures of online sexual solicitation by adults and sexualized interactions with adults at pretest and at three- and six-month follow-ups. Measures of their knowledge about online grooming were taken at pretest, postintervention, and at three- and six-month follow-ups. The results of multilevel analyses indicated that the intervention reduced sexualized interactions when adolescents were sexually solicited by adults (β = -.16, SD = .07, t = -2.44, p = .015). Moreover, the intervention increased adolescents’ knowledge about online grooming over time (β = 1.95, SD = .19, t = 10.52, p < .001). These findings suggest that a brief educational intervention about online grooming may be a promising, low-cost intervention to reduce the risks of sexual abuse on the Internet. (AU)


El abuso sexual de adolescentes por parte de adultos en Internet (grooming online) es un riesgo grave con consecuencias negativas para las víctimas. Sin embargo, existe un importante vacío en el desarrollo de intervenciones preventivas para abordar este problema. Este estudio evalúa la eficacia de una intervención educativa breve (menos de una hora) sobre el grooming online para disminuir las conductas de interacción sexual de los adolescentes con adultos cuando son solicitados sexualmente. Una muestra de 856 adolescentes españoles (48% chicas; edades entre 11 y 17 años) fue aleatorizada en dos condiciones de intervención (intervención educativa sobre el grooming online y una intervención control de resiliencia). A los adolescentes se les aplicaron medidas de solicitud sexual online por parte de adultos e interacciones sexualizadas con adultos en la línea base y en los seguimientos a tres y seis meses. Además, se tomaron medidas sobre conocimiento del grooming online en la línea base, después de la intervención y en los seguimientos a tres y seis meses. Los resultados de los análisis multinivel indicaron que la intervención redujo las interacciones sexualizadas cuando los adolescentes eran solicitados sexualmente por adultos (β = -.16, SD = .07, t = -2.44, p = .015). Por otra parte, la intervención aumentó los conocimientos de los adolescentes sobre grooming online a lo largo del tiempo (β = 1.95, SD = .19, t = 10.52, p < .001). Estos resultados sugieren que una breve intervención educativa sobre grooming online puede ser prometedora y de bajo coste para reducir los riesgos de abuso sexual en Internet. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Delitos Sexuais , Internet , Análise Multinível , Adolescente
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