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1.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 98: e202403028, Mar. 2024. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231913

RESUMO

Al cumplirse sesenta años desde el inicio de la campaña de vacunación frente a la poliomielitis en España, se destaca el importante hito en el control de la enfermedad que ha supuesto el cambio desde una incidencia de más de 2.000 casos anuales en la década de los 60 a una ausencia mantenida de poliovirus (PV) salvaje desde 1988. A pesar del impacto negativo observado en las coberturas de vacunación de poliomielitis al inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19, estas se fueron recuperando, alcanzando un 98,2% en la primovacunación en 2022. En la última década, se han identificado dos elementos esenciales para mantener el objetivo de eliminación de la poliomielitis y que, además, refuerzan la importancia de mantener altas coberturas de vacunación: los sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica robustos y la respuesta rápida a las alertas para proteger a la población vulnerable y evitar la circulación del virus. Es crucial interrumpir la transmisión a nivel internacional para lograr la erradicación, manteniendo una vigilancia continua de alta calidad y una coordinación efectiva entre los diferentes niveles frente a cualquier detección de PV, ya sea salvaje o derivado de la vacuna.(AU)


On the 60th anniversary of the initiation of the polio vaccination campaign in Spain, the significant milestone in achieving disease control is highlighted. There has been a shift from an incidence of over 2,000 yearly cases in the 1960s to a sustained absence of wild poliovirus (WPV) since 1988. Despite the observed negative impact on polio vaccination coverage at the onset of the COVID-19 pan-demic, these rates gradually recovered, reaching 98.2% in primary vaccination in 2022. Over the past decade, two essential elements have been identified to maintain the goal of polio elimination and that reinforces the importance of sustaining high vaccination co-verage: robust epidemiological surveillance systems and a swift response to alerts to protect the vulnerable population and prevent virus reintroduction. In order to achieve eradication, it is crucial to interrupt international transmission and maintain continuous high-quality surveillance and effective coordination across different levels in response to any detection of PV, wild or vaccine derived.This article aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the polio eradication situation in Spain, focusing on the key events that occu-rred in the last decade and the present and future challenges.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Erradicação de Doenças , Poliomielite/imunologia , Vacinas , Programas de Imunização , Vacinas contra Poliovirus , Espanha , Saúde Pública , Prevenção de Doenças
2.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 222(8): 479-485, oct. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-209986

RESUMO

Antecedentes La frecuencia crítica de parpadeo (FCP), definida como la frecuencia a la que un sujeto percibe una luz parpadeante como continua, se asocia directamente con el nivel de alerta del sistema nervioso central. Métodos Mediante el Hepatonorm analyzer (Medi-Business Freiburg GmGH, Germany) hemos estudiado la FCP en el momento basal y tras la erradicación del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) en 47 pacientes coinfectados por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)/VHC y cirrosis. Los pacientes tenían una edad media de 52 años; el 81% eran varones y el 80% tenía antecedentes de consumo de drogas. Resultados Observamos un incremento en la FCP al final del tratamiento del VHC comparado con el momento basal (42,3 ± 8,5 Hz vs. 45,9 ± 7,8 Hz; p = 0,001), y una reducción en la proporción de pacientes con encefalopatía hepática subclínica (definida como una FCP < 39 Hz) desde 15 (32%) de los 47 pacientes al inicio a 7 (17%) de los 41 pacientes tras el tratamiento del VHC (p = 0,180). Conclusión La erradicación del VHC en pacientes coinfectados por VIH/VHC aumenta la FCP indicando una mejoría de la función hepática (AU)


Background Critical flicker frequency (CFF), defined as the frequency at which a subject perceives a flickering light as continuous, is directly associated with central nervous system alertness. Methods We studied CFF using the Hepatonorm analyzer (Medi-Business Freiburg GmGH, Germany) at baseline and after hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication in 47 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV coinfection and cirrhosis. Patients had a mean age of 52 years, 81% were male, and 80% had a history of drug use. Results We observed an increase in the CFF at the end of HCV therapy compared to baseline (42.3 ± 8.5 Hz vs. 45.9 ± 7.8 Hz; p = 0.001), and a reduction in the proportion of patients with subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (defined as a CFF <39 Hz) from 15 (32%) of 47 patients at baseline to 7 (17%) of 41 patients after HCV therapy (p = 0.180). Conclusion HCV eradication in HIV/HCV coinfected patients increases CFF, indicating improved liver function (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Coinfecção , Hepatite C/complicações , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Cirrose Hepática/virologia , Erradicação de Doenças , Hepatite C/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Prospectivos , Piscadela
3.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 45(7): 515-523, Ago - Sep 2022. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-206910

RESUMO

Introducción: La infección por Helicobacter pylori afecta aproximadamente al 70% de la población chilena. Es un problema de salud pública cuyo tratamiento de erradicación forma parte de políticas públicas en Chile. Objetivos: Caracterizar los esquemas de erradicación de primera línea de H. pylori más utilizados en nuestro medio y evaluar su eficacia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo donde, en pacientes con infección por H. pylori certificada, se evaluó el esquema de erradicación indicado por el médico tratante, su eficacia, adherencia y efectos adversos. Resultados: Se analizaron 242 pacientes y 4 esquemas de erradicación; terapia triple estándar, terapia dual, concomitante y cuadriterapia con bismuto. Se observaron tasas de erradicación de 81,9% (IC 95% 74,44-87,63), 88,5% (IC 95% 73,13-95,67), 93,7% (IC 95% 78,07-98,44) y 97,6% (IC 95% 84,81-99,67) respectivamente, siendo más eficaces la terapia concomitante (RR: 1,14; IC 95% 1,01-1,29; p=0,028) y cuadriterapia con bismuto (RR: 1,19; IC 95% 1,09-1,31; p<0,001) que la triple terapia estándar. La tasa de efectos adversos reportados fue de 58,5% (IC 95% 50,66-65,92), 35,4% (IC 95% 24,6-48,11), 22,9% (IC 95% 11,81-37,14) y 63,4% (IC 95% 47,8-76,64), para la terapia triple estándar, dual, concomitante, y cuádruple con bismuto, respectivamente. La terapia dual y concomitante tuvieron menos efectos adversos en comparación con la terapia estándar. Conclusiones: Las cuadriterapias son superiores a la triple terapia estándar por lo que deberían ser consideradas como tratamiento de primera línea en Chile. La terapia dual es promisoria. Más estudios serán requeridos para determinar qué esquemas son más costo-efectivos.(AU)


Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection affects approximately 70% of the Chilean population. It is a public health problem whose eradication treatment is part of the explicit health guarantees in Chile. Objectives: Characterize the most widely used H. pylori first-line eradication therapies in our environment and evaluate their efficacy. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out where, in patients with certified H. pylori infection, the eradication therapy indicated by the treating physician, its efficacy, adherence and adverse effects, in addition to the eradication certification method used, were evaluated. Results: 242 patients and 4 main therapies were analyzed: standard triple therapy, dual therapy, concomitant therapy, and bismuth quadruple therapy. Eradication rates of 81.9% (95% CI 74.44–87.63), 88.5% (95% CI 73.13–95.67), 93.7% (95% CI 78.07–98.44) and 97.6% (95% CI 84.81–99.67) were observed respectively, with concomitant therapy (RR: 1.14; 95% CI 1.01–1.29; p=.028) and quadruple therapy with bismuth (RR: 1.19; 95% CI 1.09–1.31; p<.001) being significantly more effective than standard triple therapy. Regarding the rate of reported adverse effects, it was 58.5% (95% CI 50.66–65.92), 35.4% (95% CI 24.6–48.11), 22.9% (95% CI 81–37.14) and 63.4% (95% CI 47.8–76.64), having the dual and concomitant therapy significantly fewer adverse effects compared with standard therapy. Conclusions: Quadruple therapies are superior to standard triple therapy and should be considered as first-line treatment in Chile. Dual therapy is promising. More studies will be required to determine which therapies are most cost-effective.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Chile , Helicobacter pylori , Erradicação de Doenças , Efeitos Adversos de Longa Duração , Resultado do Tratamento , Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento , Terapêutica , Tratamento Farmacológico , Bactérias Gram-Negativas , Estudos Retrospectivos , Gastroenterologia
4.
Temperamentum (Granada) ; 182022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-211964

RESUMO

Objetivo principal: caracterizar el paludismo en el Hospital San Juan de Dios (HSJD) y su Dispensario Infantil (DI) en Quito entre 1916-1925, en el contexto histórico de la erradicación de la malaria y las posibilidades de su retorno a Quito. Metodología: estudio historiográfico médico, descriptivo y retrospectivo, de los registros clínicos del HSJD y del DI (1916-1925) del Museo Nacional de Medicina Eduardo Estrella e información del Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador (MSP). Resultados principales: en 10.025 pacientes atendidos, 209 tuvieron paludismo, mayoritariamente procedentes de valles con más de 2.000 metros de altitud, cercanos a Quito. Conclusión principal: la morbilidad del paludismo en Quito y sus valles dependió directamente de las condiciones socio-económico-sanitarias de la población y climáticas del entorno. La situación actual recrea factores similares, con reportes sugerentes de un posible retorno de la malaria autóctona a Quito (AU)


Main objective: To characterize malaria in the San Juan de Dios Hospital (HSJD) and its Children's Dispensary (DI) in Quito between 1916-1925, in the historical context of the eradication of malaria and the possibilities of its return to Quito. Methodology: A descriptive and retrospective medical historiographic study of the clinical records of the HSJD and DI (1916-1925) of the Eduardo Estrella National Museum of Medicine and information from the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador (MSP). Main results: In 10,025 patients seen, 209 had malaria, mostly from valleys near Quito with more than 2,000 meters of altitude. Main conclusion: The morbidity of malaria in Quito and its valleys depended directly on the socio-economic-sanitary conditions of the population and the climatic conditions of the environment. The current situation recreates similar factors, with reports suggesting a possible return of autochthonous malaria to Quito (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Malária/história , Erradicação de Doenças , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Equador
5.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 43(6): 301-309, jun.-jul. 2020. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-193512

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Maastricht V Consensus recommends quadruple therapies as first-line Helicobacter pylori treatment in high clarithromycin (CLA) resistance areas. AIMS: To compare efficacy, side effects and compliance between quadruple concomitant non-bismuth vs bismuth quadruple therapy. METHOD: Prospective study enrolling H. pylori-positive patients. Omeprazol and a three-in-one formulation of bismuth-metronidazol-tetracycline (OBMT-3/1) for 10 days, or combination of omeprazol-clarithromycin-amoxicillin-metronidazol (OCAM) for 14 days, were prescribed. Eradication outcome was assessed by urea breath test or histology. Side effects and compliance were recorded during the treatment period with specific questionnaires. RESULTS: 404 patients were recruited (median age 53 years; 62.87% women). In 382 (183 with OCAM, 199 with OBMT-3/1) the post-treatment test result was available. The eradication rates were 85.94% (CI95%: 80.20-90.52) with OCAM and 88.21% (CI95%: 83.09-92.22) with OBMT-3/1 (p = 0.595) in intention-to-treat analysis, whilst in per protocol analysis they were 91.12% (CI95%: 85.78-94.95) and 96.17% (CI95%: 92.28-98.45) respectively (p = 0.083). Compliance over 90% was 91.35% with OCAM and 92.04% with OBMT-3/1 (p = 0.951). Some side effect was present in 94.02% with OCAM and in 88.89% with OBMT-3/1 (p = 0.109), being longer (12 vs 7 days, p < 0.0001) and more severe (p < 0.0001) with OCAM. CONCLUSIONS: In a high CLA-resistance area, there are no differences between OBMT-3/1 and OCAM in H. pylori eradication and compliance rates, but OBMT-3/1 achieves a higher safety profile


ANTECEDENTES: El Consenso de Maastricht V recomienda tetraterapias como tratamiento de primera línea de Helicobacter pylori en áreas con elevada resistencia a claritromicina (CLA). OBJETIVOS: Comparar la eficacia, los efectos secundarios y el cumplimiento terapéutico entre la tetraterapia sin bismuto y la tetraterapia con bismuto. MÉTODO: Estudio prospectivo que incluyó a pacientes con H. pylori. Se prescribió omeprazol y una formulación 3 en uno de bismuto-metronidazol-tetraciclina (OBMT-3/1) durante 10 días, o una combinación de omeprazol-claritromicina-amoxicilina-metronidazol (OCAM) durante 14 días. El resultado de la erradicación se evaluó mediante una prueba de aliento con urea o histología. Los efectos secundarios y el cumplimiento terapéutico se registraron durante el período de tratamiento empleando cuestionarios específicos. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 404 pacientes (mediana de edad de 53 años; un 62,87% de mujeres). El resultado de la prueba posterior al tratamiento estuvo disponible en 382 pacientes (183 con OCAM, 199 con OBMT-3/1). Las tasas de erradicación fueron del 85,94% (IC 95%: 80,20-90,52) con OCAM y del 88,21% (IC 95%: 83,09-92,22) con OBMT-3/1 (p = 0,595) en el análisis por intención de tratar, mientras que en el análisis por protocolo fueron del 91,12% (IC 95%: 85,78-94,95) y del 96,17% (IC 95%: 92,28-98,45), respectivamente (p = 0,083). El cumplimiento terapéutico superior al 90% fue del 91,35% con OCAM y del 92,04% con OBMT-3/1 (p = 0,951). Se observaron efectos secundarios en el 94,02% de los pacientes tratados con OCAM y en el 88,89% de los tratados con OBMT-3/1 (p = 0,109), y fueron más prolongados (12 frente a 7 días, p < 0,0001) y más graves (p < 0,0001) con OCAM. CONCLUSIONES: En un área con elevada resistencia a la CLA no se observan diferencias entre OBMT-3/1 y OCAM en la erradicación de H. pylori ni en las tasas de cumplimiento, pero OBMT-3/1 presenta un perfil de seguridad superior


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Helicobacter pylori/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Bismuto/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Helicobacter/prevenção & controle , Resultado do Tratamento , Erradicação de Doenças/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Omeprazol/uso terapêutico , Claritromicina/uso terapêutico , Amoxicilina/uso terapêutico , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos
6.
Asclepio ; 72(1): 0-0, ene.-jun. 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-195642

RESUMO

El análisis a pequeña escala es una vía de abordaje historiográfico que abrió, en su momento, nuevos caminos en la investigación. La proximidad del objeto de estudio, permite profundizar en los determinantes propios y específicos y en las realidades y prácticas, por ejemplo, de las campañas de inmunización masiva contra la poliomielitis diseñada a nivel nacional pero implementadas localmente, como en el estudio de caso que abordamos. Utilizando como modelo el ámbito sanitario provincial de Alicante, el trabajo añade datos para completar la información de proximidad sobre estas campañas y de ese modo, completar una visión de conjunto y un análisis comparado tanto en un ámbito externo como en un ámbito interno interterritorial, nacional y provincial, así como el seguimiento de las directrices dadas por los organismos nacionales e internacionales. En segundo término, dotar de significado al conjunto de actividades llevadas a cabo por diferentes actores, instituciones y medios de comunicación, implicados en el proceso de implantación, cobertura y seguimiento de las campañas de vacunación contra la polio en el ámbito provincial alicantino. El uso de narrativas de personas afectadas por la enfermedad permite añadir elementos relevantes sobre experiencias personales en el contexto de las campañas vacunales


Small-scale analysis is a path of historiographical approach that opened, at the time, new paths in research. The proximity of the study object allows us to delve into our own and specific determinants and the realities and practices of, for example, mass immunization campaigns against polio, designed at the national level but implemented locally, as in the case study that we discuss. Using as a model the provincial sanitary area of Alicante, the work adds data to complete the proximity information on these campaigns and thus, complete an overview and a comparative analysis both in an external and in an internal interterritorial, national scope and provincial level as well as the follow-up of the guidelines given by the national and international organisms. Secondly, to give meaning to the set of activities carried out by different actors, institutions and media, involved in the process of implementation, coverage and follow-up of polio vaccination campaigns in the province of Alicante. The use of narratives of people affected by the disease allows to add relevant elements about personal experiences in the context of the vaccine campaigns


Assuntos
Humanos , História do Século XIX , Vacinação em Massa/história , Poliomielite/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Poliovirus/história , Erradicação de Doenças/história , Poliomielite/história , Vacinas contra Poliovirus/uso terapêutico , Epidemias/história , Epidemias/prevenção & controle , Poliomielite/mortalidade , Narração , Espanha/epidemiologia
9.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 42(9): 579-592, nov. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-187928

RESUMO

La Asociación Española para el Estudio del Hígado (AEEH) está convencida de que la eliminación de la hepatitisC en España es posible siempre y cuando seamos capaces de emplear los recursos y las herramientas necesarias para la misma. Este documento refleja la posición de la AEEH respecto a la eliminación del virus de la hepatitisC (VHC), estableciendo una amplia serie de recomendaciones que se pueden agrupar en cinco categorías: 1)cribado del VHC en función de la edad, de la existencia de factores de riesgo clásicos de adquisición de la infección, búsqueda activa de pacientes diagnosticados con anterioridad y desarrollo de estrategias de microeliminación en poblaciones vulnerables; 2)simplificación del diagnóstico del VHC (diagnóstico en un solo paso y diagnóstico en el punto de atención del paciente); 3)simplificación del tratamiento de los pacientes y mejora de los circuitos asistenciales; 4)medidas de política sanitaria, y, finalmente, 5)establecimiento de indicadores de eliminación del VHC


The Spanish Association for the Study of the Liver (AEEH) is convinced that the elimination of hepatitisC virus (HCV) in Spain is possible as long as we are able to use the resources and tools necessary for it. This document reflects the position of the AEEH regarding the elimination of HCV, establishing a wide range of recommendations that can be grouped into five categories: 1)Screening of HCV according to age, of the existence of classic acquisition risk factors of infection, active search of previously diagnosed patients and development of micro-elimination strategies in vulnerable populations; 2)Simplification of HCV diagnosis (one-step diagnosis and diagnosis at the point of patient care); 3)Simplification of patient treatment and improvement of care circuits; 4)Health policy measures, and, finally, 5)Establishment of HCV elimination indicators


Assuntos
Humanos , Erradicação de Doenças/métodos , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite C/prevenção & controle , Fatores Etários , Erradicação de Doenças/organização & administração , Diagnóstico Precoce , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/etiologia , Hepatite C/terapia , Seleção de Pacientes , Fatores de Risco , Espanha , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Melhoria de Qualidade
11.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 111(9): 655-661, sept. 2019. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-190347

RESUMO

Background: the previous intake of macrolide antibiotics is associated with a failure to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with clarithromycin-containing regimens. However, the standard triple therapy achieves eradication rates of over 90% in patients without a previous use of macrolides in our health area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an H. pylori eradication strategy based on the intake of macrolides by the patient during the previous years. Methods: one hundred and sixty-nine patients with H. pylori infection were prospectively included in the study. The electronic medical record of each patient was reviewed at the time of inclusion. Depending on their previous intake of macrolides, patients were assigned to one of two eradication regimens: group A) patients without a previous intake of macrolides received an optimized triple therapy for 14 days; and group B) patients with a previous intake of macrolides received bismuth quadruple therapy for ten days. Results: ninety-one patients (53.84%) without a previous intake of macrolides received an optimized triple therapy (group A) and 78 patients (46.15%) with a previous intake of macrolides received bismuth quadruple therapy (group B). In group A, the H. pylori eradication rates were 90.11% in the intention-to-treat and 95.35% in the per-protocol analysis. In group B, the H. pylori eradication rates were 85.89% in the intention-to-treat and 98.5% in the per-protocol analysis. The overall eradication rates obtained using this strategy were 88.16% (95% CI: 82.32-92.02%) in the intention-to-treat and 96.75% (95% CI: 92.59-98.94%) in the per-protocol analysis. Conclusions: an H. pylori eradication strategy based on the intake of macrolides during the previous years achieves overall eradication rates close to 90% and allows the use of standard triple therapy in more than half of the patients from a health area with a high level of clarithromycin resistance


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Helicobacter pylori/patogenicidade , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Macrolídeos/uso terapêutico , Claritromicina/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Erradicação de Doenças/métodos , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/métodos
12.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 111(8): 626-632, ago. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-190334

RESUMO

Introduction: liver laboratory tests improve in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-monoinfected and cirrhotic patients who achieve HCV cure after interferon-free treatment. Objective and methods: this study evaluates the changes in those tests in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive subjects with an eradicated HCV-coinfection using direct-acting antivirals and with a pre-therapy liver stiffness ≥ 14.6 kPa or clinical data of cirrhosis. Serum albumin, bilirubin, creatinine, platelet count and international normalized ratio (INR) values were collected at baseline, week 4, at the end of treatment and 24 weeks after the end-of-treatment. Fibrosis-4 score (FIB4) and Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score values were calculated and liver stiffness was estimated by transient elastography at baseline and 24 weeks after the end-of-treatment. The means were compared with the Student's t test or the repeated measures ANOVA test. Results: direct-acting antivirals were prescribed to 131 HIV/HCV-coinfected cirrhotic patients. A sustained virological response was confirmed in 120 cases. Albumin, bilirubin and platelet count values improved in the entire population 24 weeks after the end-of-treatment. INR and MELD score values decreased when patients with atazanavir and/or acenocoumarol were excluded and liver fibrosis tests significantly diminished. Nine patients developed liver decompensation and there were three deaths. Conclusion: in conclusion, HCV eradication was associated with a short-term improvement in biochemical liver function and fibrosis tests in HIV-coinfected patients with cirrhosis, although clinical events still occur


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hepatite C Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Coinfecção/tratamento farmacológico , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Indução de Remissão , Erradicação de Doenças/métodos , Hepatite C Crônica/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Cirrose Hepática/epidemiologia , Resposta Viral Sustentada , Estudos Prospectivos
13.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 111(7): 550-555, jul. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-190102

RESUMO

Background: micro-elimination has been recently proposed as an efficient strategy to achieve global hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination. The Spanish Health Ministry Strategic Plan for hepatitis C infection highlighted intervention in prisons as a priority action. However, there are important barriers associated with the specialized care provision to the penitentiary population. Aims: to assess the contribution of telemedicine for HCV elimination in a correctional facility in Spain. Methods: an open label program of HCV elimination via telemedicine was started on February 3rd, 2015 in a large penitentiary of 1,200 inmates, as an alternative to referring patients to specialists. An anonymous satisfaction survey was performed among a random sample of inmates and all participating doctors. Results: the prevalence of HCV viremia prior to program initiation was 12.4%. One hundred and thirty-one patients received DAA HCV treatment during the period 2015-2018; 42.74% had a HCV-HIV co-infection. Overall, 97% achieved a sustained virological response (SVR). A second regime of DAA successfully rescued non-responder patients and the HCV prevalence was zero at the end of the program. Satisfaction was high or very high according to 67% of inmates and all participating doctors. Conclusion: telemedicine is an effective tool for HCV elimination in penitentiary correctional facilities where referral to specialists is difficult. The extensive use of this technology should be recommended in this setting in order to facilitate equitable access to specialized care


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Telemedicina/organização & administração , Hepatite C Crônica/epidemiologia , Erradicação de Doenças/métodos , Prisões/organização & administração , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Hepatite C Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Prisioneiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Controlados Antes e Depois/estatística & dados numéricos , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico
16.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 21(1): 41-45, 2019. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184452

RESUMO

Objetivo: predecir la eliminación de la hepatitis C crónica en las prisiones de Cataluña. Material y método: se analiza la tendencia de la prevalencia de ácido ribonucleico (ARN)-virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) y los tratamientos antihepatitis C prescritos en Cataluña en el periodo 2002-2016. Mediante un alisado exponencial de los valores históricos de la serie, se calcula el tiempo en que podrá eliminarse la hepatitis C en Cataluña como problema de salud pública (prevalencia ARN-VHC<1%). Resultados: hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2016, se habían prescrito 1.264 tratamientos. La prevalencia de ARN-VHC fue del 31,2% en 2002, y drecreció hasta el 8,8% en 2016. Se estima que la prevalencia alcanzará una tasa del 0-0,5% en cinco años (segundo semestre de 2021; intervalo de confianza, IC, del 95%: 2019-2025). Discusión: con las acciones adecuadas, puede y debe eliminarse la hepatitis C en los presos. En Cataluña, esta enfermedad dejaría de ser un problema de salud pública en 2021


Aim: predict the elimination of chronic hepatitis C in Catalan prisons. Material and method: we analyzed the trend of the prevalence of HCV-RNA and anti-hepatitis C treatments prescribed in Catalonia in the period 2002-2016. Using linear exponential smoothing from the historical values in the time series, we estimate the time required to eliminate hepatitis C as a public health problem in prisons (prevalence of hepatitis C virus RNA<1%). Results: a total of 1264 treatments were administered by 12/31/2016. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus RNA was 31.2% in 2002, decreasing to 8.81% in 2016. We estimate that prevalence will reach 0-0.5% in 5 years (second half 2021; 95% CI: 2019-2025). Discussion: appropriate actions can eliminate hepatitis C infection in prisoners. We estimate that by 2021 hepatitis C infection will no longer be a public health problem in Catalonia prisons


Assuntos
Humanos , Hepatite C Crônica/prevenção & controle , Erradicação de Doenças/organização & administração , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/organização & administração , Hepatite C Crônica/epidemiologia , Prisões/organização & administração , Prisioneiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos de Séries Temporais
19.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(3): 145-152, mar. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-171124

RESUMO

Introducción: La erradicación de la infección por Helicobacter pylori representa un desafío clínico. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la terapia cuádruple con esomeprazol más una cápsula 3 en 1 que contiene subcitrato de bismuto, metronidazol y tetraciclina, más probióticos en pacientes diagnosticados de infección por H. pylori en la práctica clínica habitual. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, intervencional, unicéntrico y abierto realizado en pacientes consecutivos con indicación confirmada de erradicación de infección por H. pylori. Los pacientes fueron tratados con 3 cápsulas de Pylera(R) 4veces al día (desayuno, comida, merienda y cena), más 40mg de esomeprazol, 2veces al día durante 10días (30min antes de desayuno y cena) y probióticos durante 30días. La erradicación de la infección por H. pylori se confirmó mediante la prueba del aliento con urea marcada realizada al menos 28días después del final del tratamiento. Resultados: Un total de 100 pacientes fueron incluidos consecutivamente. Veinticinco (25,0%) pacientes tenían historia previa de tratamiento de su infección por H. pylori. En la población por intención de tratar, las tasas de erradicación fueron del 90,7% (68/75) y del 80,0% (20/25) en los pacientes tratados con Pylera(R) como primera línea o como terapia de rescate, respectivamente. Dieciocho pacientes (18%) presentaron, al menos, un acontecimiento adverso, la mayoría (89%) leves. Conclusión: Diez días de tratamiento con un régimen cuádruple de bismuto, metronidazol y tetraciclina más esomeprazol y probióticos es una estrategia eficaz y segura en pacientes con infección por H. pylori (AU)


Introduction: The eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection represents a clinical challenge. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of quadruple therapy with esomeprazole plus a 3-in-1 capsule containing bismuth subcitrate, metronidazole and tetracycline, plus probiotics in patients diagnosed with H. pylori infection in routine clinical practice. Methods: A prospective, interventional, single-centre and open-label study in consecutive patients with a confirmed indication for eradication of H. pylori infection. Patients were treated with three capsules of Pylera(R) four times a day (breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner), plus 40mg of esomeprazole twice daily for 10 days (30min before breakfast and dinner) and probiotics for 30 days. Eradication of H. pylori infection was confirmed by labelled urea breath test performed at least 28 days after the end of treatment. Results: A total of 100 patients were consecutively enrolled. Twenty-five patients (25.0%) had a prior history of treatment for their H. pylori infection. In the intention-to-treat population, eradication rates were 90.7% (68/75) and 80.0% (20/25) in patients treated with Pylera(R) as the first line or as rescue therapy, respectively. Eighteen patients (18%) had at least one adverse event, most of which (89%) were mild. Conclusion: Ten days of treatment with a quadruple regimen of bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline plus esomeprazole and probiotics is an effective and safe strategy in patients with H. pyloriinfection (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Esomeprazol/uso terapêutico , Bismuto/uso terapêutico , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Tetraciclina/uso terapêutico , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Protocolos Clínicos , Helicobacter pylori , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , 28599 , Erradicação de Doenças/tendências
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