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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(6): 1666-1672, dic. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528798

RESUMO

SUMMARY: The temporal bone is a complicate structure which located on the lateral skull. The objective of the present study was to determine the temporal bone air spaces' morphometry, morphology, and pneumatization in Turkish healthy adult people. This retrospective observational study was carried out from 82 subjects (47 males, 35 females) aged 18-69 years. The external auditory canal and related structures' diameters and the volume of these areas were evaluated. The means and standard deviations of the Meatus acusticus externus length (MAEL), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea length (MAEcL), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea length (MAEoL), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea surface (MAEcS), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea surface (MAEoS), meatus acusticus externus volume (MAEV), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea volume (MAEcV), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea volume (MAEoV), processus mastoideus air cells volume (PMACV), cavum tympani volume (CTV), and temporale pneumatic spaces volume (OTPSV) were found as 23.21±3.70 mm, 12.69±3.72 mm, 7.80±3.70 mm, 669.89±107.7 mm2, 267.50±30.51 mm2, 743.50±119.6 mm3, 971.97±156.69 mm3, 419.51±48.67 mm3, 5915.93±650.34 mm3, 673.48±91.93 mm3, 7813.34±717.49 mm3 have found in 82 subjects, respectively. In this paper, the morphometric and volume properties of the temporal bone cavities measurements were significantly higher in males than females. These results may both provide reference values of Turkish healthy population, and lead to decrease potential surgical complications about temporal and mastoid regions.


El hueso temporal es una compleja estructura ubicada en el parte lateral del cráneo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la morfometría, morfología y neumatización de los espacios aéreos del hueso temporal en individuos adultos turcos sanos. Este estudio observacional retrospectivo que se llevó a cabo en 82 sujetos (47 hombres, 35 mujeres) de entre 18 y 69 años. Se evaluaron los diámetros del meato acústico externo y las estructuras relacionadas y el volumen de estas áreas. Las medias y las desviaciones estándar de la longitud del meato acústico externo (MAEL), la longitud de la parte cartilaginosa del meato acústico externo (MAEcL), la longitud de la parte ósea del meato acústico externo (MAEoL), la superficie de la parte cartilaginosa del meato acústico externo (MAEcS), la superficie de la parte ósea del meato acústico externo (MAEoS), volumen del meato acústico externo (MAEV), volumen de la parte cartilaginosa del meato acústico externo (MAEcV), volumen de la parte ósea del meato acústico externo (MAEoV), volumen de las células aéreas del proceso mastoideo (PMACV), volumen del cavum tympani (CTV) y el volumen de los espacios neumáticos temporales (OTPSV) se encontró como 23,21 ± 3,70 mm, 12,69 ± 3,72 mm, 7,80 ± 3,70 mm, 669,89 ± 107,7 mm2, 267,50 ± 30,51 mm2, 743,50 ± 119,6 mm3, 971,97 ± 156,69 mm3, 419,5. 1±48,67 mm3, 5915,93 ± 650,34 mm3, 673,48 ± 91,93 mm3, 7813,34 ± 717,49 mm3, respectivamente. En este artículo, las propiedades morfométricas y de volumen de las mediciones de las cavidades del hueso temporal fueron significativamente mayores en hombres que en mujeres. Estos resultados pueden proporcionar valores de referencia de la población sana turca y conducir a una disminución de las posibles complicaciones quirúrgicas en las regiones temporal y mastoidea.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Osso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada
2.
RFO UPF ; 28(1)20230808. ilus
Artigo em Português | BBO - Odontologia, LILACS | ID: biblio-1526601

RESUMO

Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como propósito fornecer uma análise abrangente das características anatômicas, clínicas e radiográficas da Síndrome de Eagle, além de abordar os métodos de diagnóstico e estratégias terapêuticas. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma busca por artigos científicos publicados no período de 2016 a 2024, utilizando as bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e Google Scholar. A coleta de artigos foi realizada nos idiomas inglês e português, utilizando as palavras-chave: "síndrome de eagle", "síndrome estiloide", "síndrome da artéria carótida", "estilalgia", "eagle syndrome", "styloid syndrome", "carotid artery syndrome" e "stylalgia". Conclusão: Os profissionais devem estar atentos à síndrome de Eagle em casos de dor unilateral ao realizar atividades como engolir, bocejar e chorar, sem causa aparente, especialmente em mulheres adultas que não encontram alívio com analgésicos. Devido à frequência de casos assintomáticos, a realização precoce de exames radiológicos desempenha um papel crucial na avaliação diagnóstica. É essencial que profissionais de Otorrinolaringologia, Neurologia e Odontologia estejam cientes dessa síndrome, pois está associada a uma significativa deterioração na qualidade de vida. (AU)


Objective: This work aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the anatomical, clinical and radiographic characteristics of Eagle Syndrome, in addition to addressing diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies. Materials and methods: A search was carried out for scientific articles published between 2016 and 2024, using the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Google Scholar databases. Articles were collected in English and Portuguese, using the keywords: "eagle syndrome", "styloid syndrome", "carotid artery syndrome", "stilalgia", "eagle syndrome", "styloid syndrome", "carotid artery syndrome" and "stylalgia". Conclusion: Professionals should be aware of Eagle syndrome in cases of unilateral pain when performing activities such as swallowing, yawning and crying, without an apparent cause, especially in adult women who do not find relief with analgesics. Due to the frequency of asymptomatic cases, early radiological examinations play a crucial role in diagnostic evaluation. It is essential that Otorhinolaryngology, Neurology and Dentistry professionals are aware of this syndrome, as it is associated with a significant deterioration in quality of life. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Osso Temporal/anormalidades , Ossificação Heterotópica/diagnóstico , Ossificação Heterotópica/terapia , Radiografia Panorâmica , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
3.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 88(2): 235-242, Mar.-Apr. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374731

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction: Fibrous dysplasia is a benign disorder, in which normal bone is replaced by fibrosis and immature bone trabeculae, showing a similar distribution between the genders, and being more prevalent in the earlier decades of life. Fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone is a rare condition, and there is no consensus as to whether it is more common in monostotic or polyostotic forms. External auditory meatus stenosis and conductive dysacusis are the most common manifestations, with cholesteatoma being a common complication, whereas the involvement of the otic capsule is an unusual one. Surgical treatment is indicated to control pain or dysacusis, otorrhea, cholesteatoma, and deformity. Objectives: To describe the clinical experience of a tertiary referral hospital with cases of fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone. Methods: Sampling of patients diagnosed with fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone, confirmed by tomography, treated at the pediatric otology and otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinics, between 2015 and 2018. The assessed variables were age, gender, laterality, external auditory meatus stenosis, deformity, hearing loss, presence of secondary cholesteatoma of the external auditory meatus, lesion extension and management. Results: Five patients were included, four females and one male, with age ranging from 13 to 34 years. Three had the polyostotic form and two the monostotic form of fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone. Four patients had local deformity and external auditory meatus stenosis, two of which progressed to cholesteatoma. All patients showed some degree of hearing impairment. All had preserved otic capsule at the tomography. Two patients are currently undergoing clinical observation; two were submitted to tympanomastoidectomy due to secondary cholesteatoma; one was submitted to lesion resection, aiming to control the dysacusis progression. Conclusion: Five cases of fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone were described, a rare disorder of which the otologist should be aware.


Resumo Introdução: Displasia fibrosa é uma desordem benigna, na qual o osso é substituído por fibrose e trabeculado ósseo imaturo, com distribuição semelhante entre sexos, mais comum nas primeiras décadas de vida. O acometimento do osso temporal pela displasia fibrosa é raro, não há consenso se é mais comum nas formas monostóticas ou poliostóticas. Estenose do meato acústico externo e disacusia condutiva são as manifestações mais comuns. Colesteatoma é também uma complicação comum e o acometimento da cápsula ótica incomum. O tratamento cirúrgico está indicado para controle de dor ou disacusia, otorreia, colesteatoma, deformidade. Objetivos: Descrever a experiência clínica de hospital terciário de referência com casos de displasia fibrosa do osso temporal. Método: Amostragem dos pacientes com diagnóstico de displasia fibrosa do osso temporal, confirmado pela tomografia, atendidos nos ambulatórios de otologia e otorrinolaringologia pediátrica, entre 2015 e 2018. As variáveis avaliadas foram idade, gênero, lateralidade, estenose do meato acústico externo, deformidade, perda auditiva, presença de colesteatoma secundário de meato acústico externo, extensão da lesão e conduta adotada. Resultados: Foram incluídos cinco pacientes, quatro do sexo feminino e um masculino, de 13-34 anos. Três apresentaram a forma poliostótica da displasia fibrosa do osso temporal e dois a forma monostótica. Quatro apresentaram deformidade local e estenose do meato acústico externo, dois desses evoluíram com colesteatoma. Todos manifestaram algum grau de comprometimento auditivo. Todos apresentaram cápsula ótica preservada na tomografia. Duas pacientes estão em observação clínica; duas foram submetidas a timpanomastoidectomia devido a colesteatoma secundário; um foi submetido a ressecção da lesão para controle de progressão da disacusia. Conclusão: Foram descritos cinco casos de displasia fibrosa do osso temporal, desordem rara para a qual o otologista deve estar atento.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Colesteatoma/complicações , Colesteatoma/patologia , Displasia Fibrosa Óssea/cirurgia , Displasia Fibrosa Óssea/diagnóstico , Displasia Fibrosa Óssea/patologia , Osso Temporal/patologia , Osso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Constrição Patológica/etiologia , Transtornos da Audição
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(5): 1368-1375, 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405291

RESUMO

SUMMARY: Internal acoustic opening is a space that opens to facies posterior of the petrous piece of temporal bone that goes inside facial nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve, intermedial nevre and labyrinthine artery. The purpose of this study is the assessment of internal acoustic opening from a morphometric perspective, determination of the shape of the hole and determination of the distance to some important anatomic formations. This study is conducted on 166 temporal bones with unknown sex formation which are part of the skull collection in NEU and KTO Karatay University, Anatomy Department. In this study, the vertical and diameter of internal acoustic meatus, its distance to the bottom and top sides of posterior surface of the petrous part, its distance to groove for superior sagittal sinus and its distance to apex were measured. Moreover, in this study internal acoustic opening spaces are categorized into six groups as round, oval, U-shaped, fissure, irregular and V shape. Digital caliper was used for internal acoustic meatus measurements. While the vertical horizontal diameters and distance to groove for superior sagittal sinus of internal acoustic opening on the right side are 4.12 mm, 6.83 mm and 19.64mm respectively, they are 4.56 mm, 7.10 mm and 21.06 mm on the left side respectively. We have observed in this study, 37.3 % of the internal acoustic opening as round, 34.3 % as oval, 6.6 % as U-shaped, 6.6 % as fissure, 12.7 % as irregular and 2.4 % as V-shaped. We believe that these measurements can provide guidance and help in surgical procedures.


RESUMEN: El poro acústico interno es un espacio que se abre en la cara posterior de la parte petrosa del hueso temporal, donde entran los nervios facial, intermedio y vestibulococlear, además de la arteria laberíntica. El propósito de este estudio fue la evaluación del poro acústico interno desde una perspectiva morfométrica, determinación de la forma del foramen y de la distancia a algunas formaciones anatómicas importantes. Este estudio se realizó en 166 huesos temporales de individuos de sexo desconocido que forman parte de la colección de cráneos del Departamento de Anatomía en NEU y KTO, Universidad de Karatay, Se midió la altura vertical y el diámetro del poro acústico interno, su distancia a los lados inferior y superior de la superficie posterior de la parte petrosa, su distancia al surco del seno sagital superior y su distancia al vértice. Además, el poro acústico interno se clasificó en seis grupos: redondos, ovalados, en forma de U, de fisura, irregulares y en forma de V. Se utilizó un calibrador digital para las mediciones del meato acústico interno. Mientras que los diámetros horizontales, verticales y la distancia al surco para el seno sagital superior del poro acústico interno en el lado derecho fue de 4,12 mm, 6,83 mm y 19,64 mm respectivamente, en el lado izquiedo fue de 4,56 mm, 7,10 mm y 21,06 mm, respectivamente. Hemos observado que en el 37,3 % de los casos el poro acústico interno era redondo, el 34,3 % ovalado, el 6,6 % en forma de U, el 6,6 % de fisura, el 12,7 % irregular y el 2,4 % en forma de V. Estas medidas pueden servir de guía y ayuda en los procedimientos quirúrgicos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Orelha Interna/anatomia & histologia
5.
Arq. odontol ; 58: 87-96, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1411738

RESUMO

Aim: To evaluate the presence and characteristics of pneumatizations in the roof of the mandibular fossa and articular eminence by panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods: This study analyzed CBCT images of the temporomandibular joint of 705 patients, In 60 exams, it was possible to compare tomographic with panoramic images. For cases where pneumatization was present, laterality and pattern of manifestation were considered. A chi-square test was used to compare the differences between CBCT and panoramic radiography in the diagnosis of pneumatization. Results: Descriptive analysis revealed a sample profile that was predominantly female (75.9%), with a mean age of 42.6 years (± 17.4). The presence of pneumatizations in the roof of the mandibular fossa and articular eminence in CBCT images was identified in 330 (46.8%) and 154 (21.8%) exams, respectively, and the most frequent pneumatization pattern was the multilocular type in both locations. Bilateral pneumatization was more prevalent in the roof of the mandibular fossa. Considering the analysis of 60 pairs of exams, in panoramic radiography, pneumatizations in the roof of the mandibular fossa and articular eminence were identified in 22 (36.7%) and 12 (20.0%) examinations, respectively. Regarding CBCT images, pneumatizations in the roof of the mandibular fossa was observed in 24 (40.0%) exams, while articular eminence was found in 14 (23.3%) images. There were no statistically significant differences between the proportion of pneumatization identified by panoramic radiography and CBCT (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that panoramic radiography may be an imaging method used to evaluate pneumatization in the temporomandibular joint region.


Objetivos: Avaliar a presença e as características da pneumatização no teto da fossa mandibular e eminência articular por meio de radiografias panorâmicas (RP) e tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico (TCFC). Métodos: Foram analisadas imagens tomográficas da ATM de 705 pacientes, sendo que 60 desses pacientes também possuíam RP. Para todos os casos foram avaliadas a presença, a lateralidade e o padrão de manifestação da pneumatização. O teste qui-quadrado foi empregado para comparar os resultados obtidos a partir das RP e das TCFC no que tange o diagnóstico das pneumatizações. Resultados: A análise descritiva revelou uma amostra predominantemente feminina (75,9%) com uma média de idade de 42,6 anos (± 17,4). A pneumatização no teto da fossa mandibular e eminência articular foi evidenciada em 330 (46,8%) e 154 (21,8%) imagens de TCFC, respectivamente, e o padrão de pneumatização mais frequente foi o multilocular em ambas as regiões. A pneumatização bilateral foi mais prevalente no teto da fossa mandibular. Considerando a análise dos 60 pares de exames, nas radiografias panorâmicas as pneumatizações no teto da fossa mandibular e eminência articular foram identificadas em 22 (36,7%) e 12 (20,0%) exames, respectivamente. Em relação às imagens tomográficas, a presença desse achado no teto da fossa foi observada em 24 (40,0%) exames e na eminência articular em 14 (23,3%). Não houve diferença com significância estatística entre a proporção de pneumatização identificada em RP e TCFC (p > 0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a radiografia panorâmica pode ser um método de diagnóstico por imagem empregado para avaliação de pneumatizações na região da ATM.


Assuntos
Osso Temporal , Articulação Temporomandibular , Radiografia Panorâmica , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(5): 1331-1336, oct. 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385487

RESUMO

SUMMARY: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of the variations of carotid artery course on the relationship between styloid process (SP) and internal carotid artery (ICA). Carotid CT angiography scans of 170 patients were retrospectively evaluated. The variability of the course of ICA were classified. The length and medial angulation of the SP were measured on coronal 3D images. On axial images, the shortest distance between the bone edge of the SP and ICA were measured. The distance between SP and ICA among the course patterns of carotid artery were compared statistically. In the comparison of distances between SP and ICA with respect to the course of ICA, the difference between straight and curving (p <0.001) was statistically significant. Curving caused the separation of ICA and SP. The highest and the shortest distance was at the curving and coiling group, respectively. We found that SP-ICA distance has a positive and negative correlation with SP angle (p<0.001) and SP length (p<0.001), respectively. The course of ICA is one of the major determinants affecting the relationship of ICA and SP. The curving pattern of ICA has a tendency to increase the distance between SP and ICA.


RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el rol de las variaciones que tiene el curso de la arteria carótida en la relación entre el proceso estiloides (PE) y la arteria carótida interna (ACI). Se evaluaron retrospectivamente angiografías por tomografía computarizada carotídea de 170 pacientes. Se clasificó la variabilidad del curso de ACI. Se midieron en imágenes coronales y en 3D la longitud y la angulación medial del PE. En las imágenes axiales, se midió la distancia más corta entre el margen del PE y la ACI. Se comparó estadísticamente la distancia entre PE y la ACI entre los patrones de trayecto de la arteria carótida. La comparación de las distancias entre PE y la ACI respecto al curso de ACI, fue estadísticamente significativa, siendo la diferencia entre arterias recta y curva (p <0,001). La arteria curva provocó la separación de la ACI y del PE. Las mayores y menores distancias estaban en el grupo de arterias curvas y enrolladas, respectivamente. La distancia PE-ACI tiene una correlación positiva y negativa con el ángulo PE (p <0,001) y la longitud del PE (p <0,001), respectivamente. El curso de la arteria carótida interna es uno de los principales determinantes que afectan la relación con el proceso estiloides. El patrón de curva de la ACI tiende a aumentar la distancia entre PE y la propia arteria arteria.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Osso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Carótida Interna/anatomia & histologia , Artéria Carótida Interna/diagnóstico por imagem , Variação Anatômica , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada
7.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 35(3): 207-215, sept. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1419201

RESUMO

Introducción: Los meningiomas de la fosa posterior representan el 20% de todos los meningiomas intracraneales. Cada subtipo tiene una base de implantación, abordaje quirúrgico y morbimortalidad postoperatoria muchas veces diferente. Advertimos que en reuniones científicas y publicaciones no se sigue una forma de clasificar uniforme, sencilla y clara con orientación netamente quirúrgica. Esto genera que el neurocirujano en formación no cuente con herramientas suficientes para la toma de decisiones. Objetivos: Proponer una clasificación sencilla de los meningiomas de la fosa posterior con un fundamento anatomo-quirúrgico y presentar casos ilustrativos de cada subtipo. Materiales y métodos: Se estableció una nomenclatura considerando reportes previos, el criterio anatómico y la experiencia quirúrgica de los autores. Se presentaron casos revisando las historias clínicas y los archivos de imágenes correspondientes a cada subtipo de la clasificación. Resultados: Representamos a la fosa posterior como un compartimento con 3 anillos: el superior se divide en medial, lateral-anterior y lateral-posterior; el medio se divide en 6 variantes: clivales puros, esfeno-petro-clivales, petrosos anteriores, petrosos posteriores y de la convexidad suboccipital medial y lateral; el inferior se divide en anterior, lateral derecho, lateral izquierdo y posterior. Conclusión: Los meningiomas del anillo superior pueden resolverse mediante una vía suboccipital medial o lateral; los del anillo medio tienen un espectro de opciones más diverso; los del anillo inferior -siguiendo el esquema de división en cuadrantes de un reloj- pueden resolverse por medio de un abordaje suboccipital medial o extremolatera


Introduction: Posterior fossa meningiomas represent 20% of all meningiomas, being each location associated with a specific approach, morbidity and mortality. The actual classifications are focus on the dural attachment, without associating the anatomical with the surgical aspects, useful to the young neurosurgeons for decision making. Objectives: To propose a classification of the posterior fossa meningiomas with an anatomical-surgical view including the presentation of cases. Materials and Methods: A nomenclature was established concerning previous reports, the anatomical criteria and the surgical experience of the authors. Cases were presented by reviewing the medical records corresponding to each subtype of the proposed classification. Results: We represent the posterior fossa as a 3 rings compartment: the upper one is divided into medial, anterior-lateral and posterior-lateral; the middle ring is divided into 6 variants: pure clival, spheno-petro-clival, anterior petrosal, posterior petrosal, and medial and lateral suboccipital convexity; the lower ring is divided into anterior, right lateral, left lateral, and posterior. Conclusion: Superior ring meningiomas can be resolved by a medial or lateral suboccipital approach; middle ring meningiomas have a more diverse spectrum of options; while meningiomas of the inferior ring - following the scheme of division into quadrants of a clock - can be resolved by means of a medial or extreme-lateral suboccipital approach.


Assuntos
Meningioma , Osso Temporal , Fossa Craniana Posterior , Forame Magno
8.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 41(3): 119-122, sept. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1363019

RESUMO

El síndrome de Eagle está caracterizado por una elongación o una curvatura medial excesiva de la apófisis estiloides o por una calcificación del ligamento estilohioideo que puede provocar dolor cervicofacial o síntomas neurológicos por la compresión de los vasos o nervios del cuello. El tratamiento más eficaz es el quirúrgico y consiste en la resección de la apófisis estiloides; puede ser realizado por vía externa o mediante un abordaje transoral. Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente con síndrome de Eagle que fue tratado con éxito mediante un abordaje transoral, sin amigdalectomía y con asistencia de endoscopios. (AU)


Eagle syndrome is characterized by an elongation or excessive medial curvature of the styloid process or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament that can cause cervicofacial pain or neurological symptoms due to compression of the vessels or nerves of the neck. The most effective treatment is surgical and consists of resection of the styloid process, it can be performed by externally or through a transoral approach.The clinical case of a patient with Eagle syndrome who was successfully treated by a transoral approach, without tonsillectomy and with the assistance of endoscopes, is described. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osso Temporal/anormalidades , Osso Temporal/cirurgia , Ossificação Heterotópica/cirurgia , Ossificação Heterotópica/diagnóstico por imagem , Mandíbula/cirurgia
9.
Rev. cient. odontol ; 9(2): e056, abr.-jun. 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1254595

RESUMO

Objetivo: Estudiar morfométricamente el complejo estilohioideo (CEH) mediante tomografía computarizada multicorte (TCM). Materiales y métodos: Investigación descriptiva, retrospectiva y transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 238 estudios de TCM, pertenecientes a pacientes de ambos sexos con edades entre 20 y 87 años, con indicación de tomografía para el macizo craneofacial. Se realizó la medición de la longitud del CEH en vistas laterales de reconstrucciones volumétricas en 3D. Se obtuvo la distribución de estos casos de acuerdo con edad, sexo, lateralidad, tipo de osificación y motivo de indicación del examen. Resultados: La longitud media del CEH fue de 30,66 ± 10,58 mm. Del total de la muestra, 127 (53,4%) individuos mostraron un CEH elongado; de estos, un 63,8% fueron mujeres y un 64,6% de los pacientes presentó un compromiso bilateral del complejo. La mayoría de los sujetos con un CEH elongado tenían edades comprendidas entre 30 y 59 años. El tipo de osificación encontrada con mayor frecuencia fue del tipo I (elongación continua). En cuanto al motivo de indicación del examen, la mayoría de los pacientes fueron referidos para estudio de la articulación temporomandibular. Conclusiones: La TCM es una herramienta útil en la identificación y el estudio morfométrico de la osificación del CEH, tanto en su longitud como tipo. El examen de un CEH osificado es importante para el diagnóstico diferencial de dolor cervicofacial y disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular. (AU)


Objective: tomography (MCT). Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study. The sample was made up of 238 MCT studies performed in patients of both sexes between 20 to 87 years of age, with indication of tomography of the craniofacial complex. The length of the SHC was measured in lateral views of 3D volumetric reconstructions. The distribution of these cases was obtained according to age, sex, laterality, type and the reason for the examination. Results: The mean length of the SHC was 30.66 ± 10.58 mm. Of the total sample, 127 (53.4%) individuals showed an elongated SHC; of these, 63.8% were women and 64.6% of the patients presented a bilateral compromise of the complex. Most of the subjects with an elongated SHC were between 30 and 59 years old. The type of ossification most frequently found was type I (continuous elongation). Regarding the reason for the examination, most of the individuals were referred for study of the temporomandibular joint. Conclusions: MCT is a useful tool for the identification and morphometric study of ossification of the SHC, both in length and type. Examination of an ossified SHC is important for the differential diagnosis of cervico-facial pain and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Osso Temporal , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores , Osso Hioide , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos
10.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(2): e153-e157, abril 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1152048

RESUMO

La actinomicosis es una infección causada por un bacilo anaerobio Gram-positivo, filamentoso, ramificado, no esporulado. Integra la flora habitual de la orofaringe y coloniza transitoriamente el tracto gastrointestinal, genital femenino y el árbol bronquial. Es poco frecuente en el hueso temporal. Por su semejanza a un hongo, es difícil su reconocimiento, lo que hace necesaria la sospecha clínica para obtener los cultivos apropiados en condiciones anaeróbicas en forma prolongada. Los hallazgos microscópicos típicos incluyen necrosis con gránulos de azufre amarillento y la presencia de filamentos que se asemejan a infecciones fúngicas. El tratamiento requiere de elevadas y prolongadas dosis de antibiótico con penicilina o amoxicilina, entre 6 y 12 meses. La duración de la terapia antimicrobiana podría ser reducida en pacientes que han sido operados quirúrgicamente. Se presenta, a continuación, un caso clínico de actinomicosis en el hueso temporal en un paciente pediátrico que requirió tratamiento quirúrgico para su resolución.


Actinomycosis is an infection caused by a Gram-positive, filamentous anaerobic bacillus. Mainly belonging to the human commensal flora of the oropharynx, it normally colonizes the human digestive and genital tracts and the bronchial tree. It is slightly frequent in the temporal bone. Bacterial cultures and pathology are the cornerstone of diagnosis, but particular conditions are required in order to get the correct diagnosis. Prolonged bacterial cultures in anaerobic conditions are necessary to identify the bacterium and typical microscopic findings include necrosis with yellowish sulfur granules and filamentous Gram-positive fungal-like pathogens. Patients with actinomycosis require prolonged (6- to 12-month) high doses of penicillin G or amoxicillin, but the duration of antimicrobial therapy could probably be shortened in patients in whom optimal surgical resection of infected tissues has been performed. A pediatric patient with actinomycosis in temporal bone who needed surgery resolution is reported.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Osso Temporal , Actinomicose/diagnóstico , Actinomicose/cirurgia , Actinomicose/terapia , Mastoidite
11.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(2): 527-532, abr. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385347

RESUMO

RESUMEN: La dehiscencia timpánica o Foramen de Huschke se considera un rasgo craneal morfológico menor, hipostósico, no estocástico, transitorio, ubicado en la placa timpánica del hueso temporal, cuya expresión se considera fisiológica hasta los 5 años de edad. La mención de este rasgo en la literatura es escasa, generando controversias entre de los anatomistas que la han descrito. El epónimo Huschke, anatomista alemán, quien ha sido mencionado como el primero en observarla en 1844. Sin embargo, existen antecedentes de que dicha característica ósea fue previamente descrita por otros autores casi 200 años antes. La actual denominación, dehiscencia timpánica, fue dada en 1878 por Bürkner, siendo aceptada hasta el día de hoy. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar un análisis histórico de la descripción morfológica de la dehiscencia timpánica en la literatura anatómica especializada.


SUMMARY: Tympanic dehiscence or Huschke's Foramen is considered a minor, hypostosic, non-stochastic, transitory morphological cranial feature, located in the tympanic plate of the temporal bone, whose expression is considered physiological up to 5 years of age. The mention of this feature in the literature is scarce, generating controversy among the anatomists who have described it. The eponymous Huschke, a German anatomist, who has been mentioned as the first to observe it in 1844. However, there is a history that this bone characteristic was previously described by other authors almost 200 years earlier. The current name, tympanic dehiscence, was given in 1878 by Bürkner, being accepted until today. The objective of this article is to carry out a historical analysis of the morphological description of tympanic dehiscence in specialized anatomical literature.


Assuntos
Humanos , História do Século XVI , História do Século XVII , História do Século XVIII , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Orelha Média/anatomia & histologia , Anatomia/história
12.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(6): 1676-1680, Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134497

RESUMO

RESUMEN: La dehiscencia timpánica o Foramen de Huschke (FH) se considera un rasgo craneal morfológico menor, hipostósico, no estocástico, transitorio, ubicado en laplaca timpánica del hueso temporal, cuya expresión se considera fisiológica hasta los 5 años de edad, denominándose como persistente su presencia a mayor edad. La mención de este rasgo en la literatura anatómica se presenta de manera escasa, debido a una muy baja presencia en poblaciones modernas, situación que cambia al estudiar poblaciones arqueológicas. El propósito de este estudio es describir la expresión del foramen de Huschke en una población arqueológica de Chile central. Fueron analizados 27 huesos temporales obtenidos de los restos óseos de la población del Monumento Arqueológico Cementerio Tutuquén, los cuales están depositados en el Museo Regional de Rancagua, Chile. Se evaluó presencia y ubicación del foramen, sexo, temporalidad y rango etáreo para cada muestra incluida. El FH se presentó en un 77,78% de los temporales, siendo 47,62% restos masculinos, 28,57% femeninos y 23,81% de sexo indeterminado. La totalidad de los restos de niños y subadultos presentaron FH, mientras que en adultos su expresión disminuye hasta un 68,42%. La ubicación fue un 38,10% en cuadrante inferomedial, 33,33% superolateral, 23,81% superomedial, 4,71% central. No se encontraron FH de ubicación inferolateral. El único temporal observable del período 10.000 AP (antes del presente, 1950) presentó FH, mientras que, en el período 7.000 AP se presentó en 6/7 temporales y en 14/19 temporales del período 1.000 AP. Los datos aportados complementan el conocimiento anatómico del proceso de osificación del hueso timpánico y la expresión de la dehiscencia timpánica como rasgo morfológico menor desde el estudio de poblaciones arqueológicas.


SUMMARY: The tympanic dehiscence or Foramen of Huschke (FH) is considered a transient minor, hypostosic, non-stochastic cranial feature, located in the tympanic plate of the temporal bone. Its expression is considered physiological until the age of five, and its presence is constant after that. This characteristic is seldom mentioned in anatomical literature since it is infrequent in modern populations. However, there is a difference when archaeological populations are studied. The purpose of this study is to describe the expression of the Huschke foramen in an archaeological population of central Chile. For this analysis, 27 temporal bones were obtained from human skeletal remains of the Tutuquén Cemetery Archaeological Monument. Presence and location of the foramen, sex, time period and age range were evaluated for each sample. The FH occurred in 77.78% of the temporal bones, with 47.62% male, 28.57% female and 23.81% of undetermined sex. All children and subadults presented FH, while in adults it decreased to 68.42%. The location was 38.10% in the inferomedial quadrant, 33.33 % superolateral, 23.81% superomedial, 4.71% central, and no FH was found at the inferolateral position. The only temporal bone identified in the 10,000 BP (before the present 1950) presented FH, while in the 7,000 BP period, it presented in 6/7 temporal bones and in the 1000 BP period, it was found in 14/ 19 temporal bones. The data provided complements anatomical knowledge of the tympanic bone ossification process, and in archaeological population studies, tympanic dehiscence presents as a lesser morphological characteristic.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Meato Acústico Externo/anatomia & histologia , Arqueologia , Chile
13.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(4): 820-824, Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124860

RESUMO

The pterion is a topographic point on the lateral aspect of the skull where frontal, sphenoid, parietal and temporal bones form the H or K shaped suture. This is an important surgical point for the lesions in anterior and middle cranial fossa. This study was performed on 50 dry skulls from Serbian adult individuals from Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad. The type of the pterion on both sides of each skull was determined and they are calcified in four types (sphenoparietal, frontotemporal, stellate and epipteric). The distance between the center of the pterion and defined anthropological landmarks were measured using the ImageJ software. Sphenoparietal type is predominant with 86 % in right side and 88 % in left side. In male skulls, the distance from the right pterion to the frontozygomatic suture is 39.89±3.85 mm and 39.67±4.61 mm from the left pterion to the frontozygomatic suture. In female skulls the distance is 37.38±6.38 mm on the right and 35.94±6.46 mm on the left. The shape and the localization of the pterion are important because it is an anatomical landmark and should be used in neurosurgery, traumatology and ophthalmology.


El pterion es un punto topográfico en la cara lateral del cráneo donde los huesos frontales, esfenoides, parietales y temporales forman la sutura en forma de H o K. Este es un punto quirúrgico importante para las lesiones en la fosa craneal anterior y media. Este estudio se realizó en 50 cráneos secos de adultos serbios del Departamento de Anatomía de la Facultad de Medicina de Novi Sad. Se determinó el tipo de pterión en ambos lados de cada cráneo y se calcifican en cuatro tipos (esfenoparietal, frontotemporal, estrellado y epipterico). La distancia entre el centro del pterion y los puntos de referencia antropológicos definidos se midió utilizando el software ImageJ. El tipo esfenoparietal es predominante con 86 % en el lado derecho y 88 % en el lado izquierdo. En los cráneos masculinos, la distancia desde el pterion derecho hasta la sutura frontocigomática es 39,89 ± 3,85 mm y 39,67 ± 4,61 mm desde el pterion izquierdo hasta la sutura frontocigomática. En los cráneos femeninos, la distancia es 37,38 ± 6,38 mm a la derecha y 35,94 ± 6,46 mm a la izquierda. La forma y la localización del pterion son importantes debido a que es un indicador anatómico y debe usarse en neurocirugía, traumatología y oftalmología.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Osso Esfenoide/anatomia & histologia , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Zigoma/anatomia & histologia , Sérvia
14.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(4): 997-1002, Aug. 2020. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124888

RESUMO

La comprensión de la anatomía humana y especialmente de algunos órganos muy pequeños como es el oído medio e interno, resulta desafiante debido a su compleja estructura tridimensional. Construir conocimiento en la comprensión de la Anatomía del oído medio e interno humano, a partir del experimento de disección y modelación 3D. Con imágenes DICOM de una tomografía axial computarizada del oído humano convertidas a un modelo 3D (Mimics) y disecciones cadavéricas del hueso temporal, se diseñaron las estructuras óseas y blandas del oído externo, medio e interno mediante la implementación de software de modelado orgánico. Creación de un protocolo operativo estándar, modelado 3D de oído medio e interno e impresión 3D de las estructuras, diferenciando por color cada una de ellas. La experimentación, en este caso, la disección y modelación de las piezas anatómicas fue fundamental en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de esta área de las ciencias, permitiendo que se construya conocimiento a partir de la búsqueda de información, observación, análisis y reflexión. Los estudiantes manifestaron fascinación y aprendizaje profundo en la práctica realizada. La construcción de modelos explicativos en torno a la experimentación cualitativa permite comprender a profundidad los diferentes fenómenos. La actividad experimental, supera la demostración y facilita la confrontación de pensamiento, los estudiantes a través de esta actividad comprendieron a profundidad la anatomía del oído medio e interno, han adquirido destrezas quirúrgicas, han propuesto y analizado proyectos que les ha permitido participar eventos académicos, adquiriendo competencias como el uso comprensivo del conocimiento científico.


Understanding human anatomy, and especially some very small organs such as the middle and inner ear, is challenging due to their complex three-dimensional structure. To build knowledge in understanding of anatomy, of the human inner and middle ear, from the 3D modeling and dissection experiment. Using DICOM images from a computerized axial tomography of the human ear converted to a 3D model (Mimics) and cadaveric dissections of the temporal bone, the bony and soft structures of the external, middle, and internal ear were designed, using organic modeling software. A standard operating protocol, 3D modeling of the middle and inner ear and 3D printing of the structures was created, differentiating each one by color. In this case, the dissection and modeling of the anatomical pieces was fundamental in the teaching and learning of this area of science, allowing expanded knowledge from the search for information, observation, analysis and reflection. The students showed fascination and deep learning in the practice carried out. The construction of explanatory models around qualitative experimentation allows an in-depth understanding of the different phenomena. The experimental activity overcomes the demonstration and facilitates thought process. The students achieve and in depth understanding of the middle and inner ear anatomy, acquired surgical skills, proposed and analyzed projects that allowed them to participate in academic event. They have also acquired additional skills, such as the comprehensive use of scientific knowledge.


Assuntos
Humanos , Dissecação/educação , Educação Médica/métodos , Anatomia/educação , Orelha Interna/anatomia & histologia , Modelos Anatômicos , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Cadáver , Impressão Tridimensional
15.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(4): 1026-1031, Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124892

RESUMO

The carotid canal is located in the petrous part of the temporal bone and transmits the internal carotid artery along with the venous and sympathetic nerve plexus. The shape, location and dimensions of the carotid canal are clinically very important especially in cases of skull base surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological and morphometric parameters of the external aperture of the carotid canal in Serbian population. The study included 24 dry adult skulls and 36 dry adult temporal bones. Diameters and distances of the external aperture of the carotid canal from various important landmarks of the skull base were measured. The shape of the external carotid canal aperture was also noted. Digital data were processed in the ImageJ software. The average length of the external aperture of the carotid canal in all investigated specimens (skulls and temporal bones) on the right and left sides was 7.31±1.01 mm and 7.71±1.06 mm, respectively. The average width of the external aperture of the carotid canal on the right side was 5.82±0.78 mm while on the left side was 6.20±1.04 mm. The frequency of different shapes of the external aperture of the carotid canal was as follows: round in 45 (53.57 %), oval in 25 (29.76 %), and the rarest was almond shape noted in 13 (15.47 %) cases. There were no statistically significant differences in all measured parameters between genders and body sides. The only statistical significance was found in females between right and left side in relation with length (AP diameter) of the external aperture of the carotid canal. The results of this study will be useful for neurosurgeons to improve different surgical approaches to the petrous part of the internal carotid artery and prevent its complications.


El conducto carotídeo se encuentra en la parte petrosa del hueso temporal y da paso a la arteria carótida interna junto con el plexo nervioso venoso y simpático. La forma, ubicación y dimensiones del canal carotídeo son clínicamente muy importantes, especialmente en casos de cirugía de la base del cráneo. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los parámetros morfológicos y morfométricos de la apertura externa del canal carotídeo en la población serbia. El estudio incluyó 24 cráneos adultoss y 36 huesos temporales adultos secos. Se midieron los diámetros y distancias de la apertura externa desde varios puntos de referencia de la base del cráneo. También se observó la forma de la apertura del canal carotídeo externo. Los datos digitales se procesaron con Software ImageJ. La longitud promedio de la apertura en todos los especímenes investigados (cráneos y huesos temporales) en los lados derecho e izquierdo fue de 7,31 ± 1,01 mm y 7,71 ± 1,06 mm, respectivamente. El ancho promedio de la apertura en el lado derecho fue de 5,82 ± 0,78 mm mientras que en el lado izquierdo fue de 6,20 ± 1,04 mm. La frecuencia de las diferentes formas de la abertura externa fue la siguiente: redonda en 45 (53,57 %), ovalada en 25 (29,76 %), y la más rara fue la forma de almendra observada en 13 (15,47 %) casos. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todos los parámetros medidos entre sexos y lados del cuerpo. La única estadística significativa se encontró en las mujeres entre el lado derecho e izquierdo en relación con la longitud (diámetro AP) de la apertura externa del conducto carotídeo. Los resultados de este estudio serán útiles para un mejor enfoque quirúrgico de los neurocirujanos en la parte petrosa de la arteria carótida interna, y advertir posibles complicaciones.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Artéria Carótida Interna , Osso Petroso/anatomia & histologia , Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Sérvia
16.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 23(4): 451-454, Out.-Dez. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1024494

RESUMO

Introduction: The anatomy of the temporal bone is complex due to the large number of structures and functions grouped in this small bone space, which do not exist in any other region in the human body. With the difficulty of obtaining anatomical parts and the increasing number of ear, nose and throat (ENT) doctors, there was a need to create alternatives as real as possible for training otologic surgeons. Objective: Developing a technique to produce temporal bone models that allow them to maintain the external and internal anatomical features faithful to the natural bone. Methods: For this study, we used a computed tomography (CT) scan of the temporal bones of a 30-year-old male patient, with no structural morphological changes or any other pathology detected in the examination, which was later sent to a 3D printer in order to produce a temporal bone biomodel. Results: After dissection, the lead author evaluated the plasticity of the part and its similarity in drilling a natural bone as grade "4" on a scale of 0 to 5, in which 5 is the closest to the natural bone and 0 the farthest from the natural bone. All structures proposed in the method were found with the proposed color. Conclusion: It is concluded that it is feasible to use biomodels in surgical training of specialist doctors. After dissection of the bone biomodel, it was possible to find the anatomical structures proposed, and to reproduce the surgical approaches most used in surgical practice and training implants (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Osso Temporal/cirurgia , Simulação por Computador , Impressão Tridimensional , Modelos Anatômicos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Otológicos/métodos , Osso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Educação Médica , Treinamento por Simulação
17.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 33(4): 180-187, dic. 2019. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1152268

RESUMO

Introducción: El hueso temporal es una estructura valiosa en el abordaje de patologías intracraneales a la fosa media y posterior, requiriendo en ocasiones la realización de petrosectomías anteriores, posteriores o abordajes combinados para la resección de tumores en dichas regiones. El propósito del presente estudio es realizar análisis morfométrico con enfoque quirúrgico del hueso temporal, en cráneos adultos, con énfasis en el tubérculo suprameatal (TSM) teniendo en consideración sus relaciones anatómicas. Material y métodos: El presente estudio se realizó en las instalaciones de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Se analizaron 200 huesos temporales de 100 cráneos humanos adultos. Se dio énfasis al TSM de acuerdo a su ubicación y tamaño, clasificándolo en: anterior medio o posterior y en tipo I (0-1 mm), tipo II (2-3 mm) y tipo III (>3 mm). Además, se realizaron mediciones con enfoque quirúrgico de la porción petrosa del hueso temporal y de la cresta supramastoidea. Resultados: El TSM se observó en 171 especímenes estudiados (85.5%). Entre ellos, la posición posterior fue la más frecuente 85 de 171 (49.70%), seguida de la posición media 43 (25.14%) y por último la posición anterior 43 (25.14%). En cuanto al tamaño, se encontró con mayor frecuencia el tipo II en 99 de los especímenes (49.5%), el tipo I en 82 especímenes (41%) y tipo III en 19 (9.5%). El asterion se reflejó dentro de la impresión de los senos en la mayoría 48.5%, la unión de la cresta supramastoidea con sutura escamosa se reflejaba en 98.5% de los casos a la fosa media. Discusión: En nuestra búsqueda de información no se cuenta con datos para realizar comparación con la obtenida en este estudio del tubérculo suprameatal, el hallazgo encontrado parece indicar que se encuentra una relación directa con la presencia de la impresión del surco del seno petroso superior. La distribución de acuerdo a su posición reviste importancia cuando se encuentra en grado III puesto que plantea una dificultad técnica, en abordajes como en petrosectomías, o bien, al cavum de Meckel desde un abordaje retrosigmoideo. Conclusión: La observación anatómica y clasificación que realizamos del tubérculo suprameatal, una estructura muy poco evaluada, nos da una consideración preoperatoria y transoperatoria cuando realizamos abordaje que involucra la cara posterior de la porción petrosa del hueso temporal


Introduction: The temporal bone is a valuable structure in the approach of intracranial pathologies to the middle and posterior fossa. Sometimes requiring the performance of petrosectomies or combined approaches for the resection of tumors in these regions. The purpose of this study is to perform morphometric analysis in adult skulls with a surgical approach to the temporal bone, with emphasis on the suprameatal tubercle (SMT) taking into account their anatomical relationships. Material and methods: The present study was carried out in the facilities of the Faculty of Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). 200 temporal bones from 100 adult human skulls were analyzed. The SMT was emphasized according to its location and size, classifying it as: anterior, middle, or posterior and type I (0-1 mm), type II (2-3 mm) and type III (> 3mm). In addition, measurements were made with a surgical approach of the petrosal portion of the temporal bone and the supramastoid crest. Results: The SMT was observed in 171 specimens studied (85.5%). Among them, the posterior position was the most frequent 85 of 171 (49.70%), followed by the middle position in 43 (25.14%) and finally the anterior position in 43 (25.14%). In terms of size, type II was more frequently found in 99 of the specimens (49.5%), type I in 82 specimens (41%) and type III were found in 19 (9.5%). The asterion was reflected within the impression of the sinuses in the majority 48.5%, the union of the supramastoid crest with squamous suture was reflected in 98.5% of the cases to the middle fossa.Discussion: In our search for information, there is no data to make a comparison with that obtained in this study of the suprameatal tubercle. The findings seems to indicate that there is a direct relationship with the presence of the impression of the groove of the upper petrosal sinus. The distribution according to its position is important when it is in grade III since it poses a technical difficulty, in approaches such as petrosectomies, or approach to Meckel's cave from a retrosigmoid approach. Conclusion: The anatomical observation and classification that we perform of the suprameatal tubercle, a very poorly evaluated structure, gives us a preoperative and transoperative consideration when we perform an approach that involves the posterior aspect of the petrosal portion of the temporal bone


Assuntos
Osso Temporal , Crânio , Osso e Ossos
19.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 79(3): 336-340, set. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058705

RESUMO

RESUMEN Un síndrome caracterizado por dolor cervical y un apófisis estiloides alargado fue descrito por primera vez por Watt Eagle en 1937. Aunque el síndrome de Eagle en su variante vascular es raro y no es reconocido como causa clara de disección carotídea, en los últimos años ha sido reportado un incremento del número de casos de disección carotídea causada por una apófisis estiloides alargada. Paciente de 56 años que acudió al servicio de urgencias por paresia facial izquierda aguda y habla confusa. Presentaba dolor cervical de dos días de evolución, relacionado con un ataque de tos. Se activó el código ictus y la tomografía computarizada (TC) mostró isquemia del lóbulo temporal derecho y disección bilateral de la arteria carótida interna. La angio-TC de los troncos supraaórticos con reconstrucción tridimensional, identificó una apófisis estiloides alargado en ambos lados. El paciente fue sometido a una angioplastía con colocación de dos stents. Debido al alto riesgo de padecer nuevo ictus, se decidió realizar tratamiento quirúrgico. Para el lado derecho se realizó un abordaje transoral y en el izquierdo un abordaje abierto. La apófisis estiloides alargado es una causa importante de disección carotídea y de las complicaciones cerebrovasculares relacionadas.


ABSTRACT A syndrome characterized by cervical pain and an abnormally elongated styloid process was first described by Watt Eagle in 1937. Even though vascular Eagle syndrome is uncommon and is not well recognized as a cause for carotid artery dissection, in the last few years there have been an increasing number of case reports of carotid artery dissection caused by an elongated styloid process. A 56 years old man presented to the emergency department with acute left facial weakness and slurred speech. He complained of two days neck pain, related to a coughing fit. The code stroke protocol was activated and imaging showed a right temporal bone stroke and a bilateral internal carotid artery dissection. A scan angiography of the supra-aortic vessels with 3D reconstruction was performed showing a bilateral abnormally elongated styloid process. The patient underwent angioplasty with two stent placements. Due to the high risk of recurrent strokes, the patient was evaluated in the otolaryngology department for styloid process resection. Finally a transoral approach for the right side and an open approach for the left side were performed. We have to consider an elongated styloid process as an important cause of carotid artery dissection and subsequent cerebrovascular complications


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ossificação Heterotópica/complicações , Dissecação da Artéria Carótida Interna/etiologia , Dissecação da Artéria Carótida Interna/terapia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Osso Temporal/anormalidades , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Angioplastia , Cervicalgia/etiologia , Dissecação da Artéria Carótida Interna/diagnóstico por imagem
20.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 23(3): 281-291, July-Sept. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040016

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction Posterior tympanotomy through facial recess (FR) is the conventional and most preferred approach to facilitate cochlear implantation, especially when the electrode is inserted through the round window. The complications of the FR approach can be minimized by proper understanding of the anatomy of the FR. Objective The present study was undertaken to assess the various parameters of FR and round window visibility, which may be of relevance for cochlear implant surgery. Methods Thirty-five normal wet human cadaveric temporal bones were studied by dissection for anatomy of FR and posterior tympanum. Photographs were taken with an 18megapixels digital camera, which were then imported to a computer to determine various parameters. Results The mean distance from the take-off point/crotch of the chorda tympani nerve (CTN) to the stylomastoid foramen was 4.08 ± 0.8 mm(range of 2.06 - 5.5mm). The variations in the course of the CTN included origin at the level of the lateral semicircular canal. Themean chorda-facial angle in our study was 26.91° ± 1.19°, with a range of 25° to 28.69°. The mean FR length ranged between 9.4 mm and 18.56 mm (mean of 12.41 ± 2.91mm) and varied with the origin of the CTN and pneumatization of temporal bone. The average maximum width of the FR was 2.93 ± 0.4 mm (range 2.24-3.45 mm) and the mean width of the FR at the level of the round window was 2.65 ± 0.41 mm. Conclusion The FR approach provides good access to the round windowmembrane in all cases. In some cases, table adjustment is required.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Janela da Cóclea/anatomia & histologia , Implante Coclear , Nervo Facial/anatomia & histologia , Osso Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Membrana Timpânica/anatomia & histologia , Cadáver , Nervo da Corda do Tímpano/anatomia & histologia , Dissecação
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