Optimisation of biodegradation conditions for waste canola oil by cold-adapted Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 from Antarctica

BACKGROUND: The potential waste canola oil-degrading ability of the cold-adapted Antarctic bacterial strain Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 was evaluated. Globally, increasing waste from food industries generates serious anthropogenic environmental risks that can threaten terrestrial and aquatic organisms and communities. The removal of oils such as canola oil from the environment and wastewater using biological approaches is desirable as the thermal process of oil degradation is expensive and ineffective. RESULTS: Rhodococcus sp. AQ5-07 was found to have high canola oil-degrading ability. Physico-cultural conditions influencing its activity were studied using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and statistical optimisation approaches. Considerable degradation (78.60%) of 3% oil was achieved by this bacterium when incubated with 1.0 g/L ammonium sulphate, 0.3 g/L yeast extract, pH 7.5 and 10% inoculum at 10°C over a 72-h incubation period. Optimisation of the medium conditions using response surface methodology (RSM) resulted in a 9.01% increase in oil degradation (87.61%) when supplemented with 3.5% canola oil, 1.05 g/L ammonium sulphate, 0.28g/L yeast extract, pH 7.5 and 10% inoculum at 12.5°C over the same incubation period. The bacterium was able to tolerate an oil concentration of up to 4.0%, after which decreased bacterial growth and oil degradation were observed. CONCLUSIONS: These features make this strain worthy of examination for practical bioremediation of lipid-rich contaminated sites. This is the first report of any waste catering oil degradation by bacteria originating from Antarctica.

Seminal parameters and sexual behavior on farm rabbits provided with a diet supplemented with canola oil at the start of puberty / Parámetros seminales y conducta sexual en conejos de granja con dieta suplementada con aceite de canola al inicio de la pubertad

SUMMARY: In order to evaluate the effect on sexual behavior and spermatic parameters of white New Zealand rabbits, at the onset of puberty, they were fed a standard diet supplemented with canola oil (obesogenic). Two groups were formed; one of which received daily 180 g of a standard commercial diet supplemented with 13 ml of canola oil during 12 weeks, while the second group (control) were fed daily 180 g of only the standard commercial diet. Starting at 20-weeks of age, seminal volume, en masse and individual sperm motility, and sperm concentration per mm3 were measured from each individual, as well as the behaviors olfactory exploration, chinning, and first and second attempt at mounting were assessed. No significant differences were found between groups in terms of seminal volume, and en masse and individual sperm motility count and percentage (P>0.05). In relation to sexual behavior, the group fed with supplemental canola oil showed reduced the response time to females in the sexual behaviors of chinning, olfactory exploration, and first and second attempt at mounting when compared to the control group (P<0.01). The data indicate that the addition of canola oil to a standard rabbit diet at the start of puberty and continued for 12 weeks increases the body mass index and reduces the response time in sexual behaviors such as olfactory exploration, chinning, and second attempt at mounting when interacting with female stimulus. Nevertheless, the seminal parameters did not show any modification. Other studies are needed to show the benefits or disadvantages of the addition of varying inclusion percentages of other vegetable oils, to evaluate their effects on reproductive efficiency in breeder male rabbits.

RESUMEN: Con el propósito de evaluar en conejos Nueva Zelanda blanca de granja el efecto de una dieta estándar suplementada con aceite de canola (obesogénica) sobre el comportamiento sexual y los parámetros espermáticos al inicio de la pubertad, se formaron dos grupos. Un grupo recibió una dieta consistente de 180 g al día de una dieta estándar comercial adicionada con 13 ml de aceite de canola durante 12 semanas y al otro grupo (testigo) se le suministró 180 g por día de la misma dieta estándar sin aceite de canola. A partir de las 20 semanas de edad en cada individuo se midió el volumen seminal, la motilidad espermática en masa e individual, la concentración espermática por mm3 y se evaluaron la conducta de: exploración olfatoria, frotamiento del mentón (Chinning), primer intento de monta y segundo intento de monta. En las variables volumen seminal, conteo y porcentaje de motilidad espermática en masa e individual no hubo diferencia significativa entre ambos grupos (P>0,05). Con respecto al comportamiento sexual, el grupo suplementado con aceite vegetal presentó menor tiempo de respuesta a la hembra estímulo en las conductas de frotamiento del mentón, exploración olfatoria y segundo intento de monta con respecto al grupo testigo (P<0,01). Los datos obtenidos indican que la adición de aceite de canola a la dieta estándar de conejos al inicio de la pubertad durante 12 semanas aumenta el índice de masa corporal de los individuos y disminuye el tiempo de respuesta en las conductas de exploración olfatoria, de frotamiento del mentón y de segundo intento de monta al interaccionar con la hembra estímulo. Sin embargo, no modificó los parámetros seminales evaluados. Es necesario realizar otros estudios con el fin de evaluar en conejos sementales el beneficio o desventaja sobre su eficiencia reproductiva al utilizar diferentes porcentajes de inclusión en la dieta de otros aceites vegetales.

El aceite canola y sus efectos en la salud / Canola oil and health effects

El término canola (Canadian Oil Low Acid), designa a una variedad de semillas desarrolladas durante la década de los setenta por métodos tradicionales de fitomejoramiento de la colza. La canola se ubica en el segundo lugar como planta oleaginosa cultivada en el mundo, y no sólo se utiliza en la fabricación de aceite para ensaladas y frituras, sino también en la elaboración de margarinas, mantecas y otros productos alimenticios. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión de la información científica disponible sobre los antecedentes que motivaron el surgimiento de las semillas variedad canola, así como la seguridad y efectividad del consumo de su aceite sobre algunos de los factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). La búsqueda y localización de la información, incluyó una revisión de artículos científicos, para lo cual se utilizaron los descriptores: Canola, enfermedad cardiovascular, aterosclerosis, y antioxidantes, fundamentalmente. La mayoría de los artículos seleccionados estaban relacionados con el efecto de la composición de ácidos grasos de aceites comestibles en la ECV, así como estudios de análisis de antioxidantes en este aceite. Además, se localizaron artículos de organismos reguladores sobre la seguridad del consumo del aceite de canola(AU)

The term canola (Canadian Oil Low Acid) refers to a variety of seeds developed in the seventies by traditional breeding methods of rapeseed. Canola is located in the second most cultivated oilseed plant in the world, and not only used in the manufacture of salad oil and frying, but also in the development of margarines, shortenings and other food products. This paper aims to conduct a review of the available scientific information on the background that led to the emergence of canola seed variety and the safety and effectiveness of its oil consumption on some of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Finding and locating information, including a review of scientific articles. The descriptors were used: Canola, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and antioxidants, mainly. Most selected articles were related to the effect of fatty acid composition of edible oils in VCE and analysis studies of antioxidants in this oil. In addition, articles were located regulators about the safety of canola oil consumption(AU)