Apoio institucional para agentes comunitários de saúde usando o programa de Atenção Integrada às Doenças Prevalentes na Infância em Ruanda / Institutional support to community health workers using integrated management of childhood illness program in Rwanda

O objetivo foi explorar o apoio e descrever a supervisão de agentes comunitários de saúde que implementam o programa de atenção integrada às doenças prevalentes na infância (AIDPI). Um desenho não experimental, exploratório, descritivo e quantitativo foi adotado neste estudo. Os dados foram coletados entre 305 participantes (30% da população) por meio de um questionário estruturado. Dupla digitação foi utilizada e os dados foram limpos e analisados usando o Statistics Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) 19. Em Ruanda, o apoio e supervisão são fornecidos pela instituição base e supervisores. Os agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS) frequentemente enfrentam escassez de medicamentos e equipamentos (63,3%) e 87,5% ficaram sem equipamentos, medicamentos e consumíveis, o que criou barreiras para a assistência das crianças doentes. Para melhorar o apoio institucional dado aos agentes comunitários de saúde, supervisão de apoio contínua e regular, além do fornecimento de suprimentos, é essencial.

The objective was to explore the support given to community health workers who use the integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) approach and describe the supervision given to them. A non-experimental, exploratory, descriptive, quantitative design was used for this study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire; 305 were interviewed (30% sample). The data were double entered, cleaned, and analyzed using Statistics Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) 19. Support and supervision in Rwanda are provided by the base institution and by supervisors. CHWs often had a shortage of drugs and equipment (63.3%) and 87.5% have experienced run out of equipment, medicines, and consumables. This created barriers to caring for sick children. To improve institutional support for community health workers, regular and continuous supportive supervision and supplies are essential.

A arte moderna e os imaginários da alteridade / Modern art and the imaginéries of alterity / Arte moderno e imaginarios de alteridad

Este artigo busca esclarecer e discutir as relações entre a arte moderna e os imaginários da alteridade - entendendo imaginário não apenas como um repertório de imagens ou os caminhos temáticos possíveis de serem reapropriados pelo artista, mas também a própria capacidade de imaginar, de perceber e recriar as imagens do mundo. Deste modo, mostra-se como um dos pontos de ruptura de toda uma série de artistas ocidentais, que já podem ser classificados como modernos, foi precisamente uma nova postura com relação ao imaginário e à arte de outros povos. O texto aborda mais especificamente as alteridades oriundas dos povos orientais e as alteridades oriundas da África negra, demonstrando como, a partir destes imaginários de alteridade, os modernos artistas ocidentais conseguiram recriar a sua própria arte

This article attempts to clarify and discuss of relations between modern art and the imaginaries of the alterity - understanding imaginary as not only a repertory of images or the thematic ways possible of been reapropriated by the artists, but also the capacity itself of to imagine, of perceive and recreate the images of the world. In this way, the intent is to show how one of the points of rupture of several occidental artists, which can be classified as moderns, was precisely a new posture in relation to the imaginary and the art of the other peoples. The essays aboard more specifically the alterities referent to the oriental peoples and the alterities referents to the black Africa, showing how, working with these alterities imaginaries, the modern occidental artists had success in recreate his own art

Biosafety education relevant to genetically engineered crops for academic and non-academic stakeholders in East Africa

Development and deployment of genetically engineered crops requires effective environmental and food safety assessment capacity. In-country expertise is needed to make locally appropriate decisions. In April 2007, biosafety and biotechnology scientists, regulators, educators, and communicators from Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, met to examine the status and needs of biosafety training and educational programs in East Africa. Workshop participants emphasized the importance of developing biosafety capacity within their countries and regionally. Key recommendations included identification of key biosafety curricular components for university students; collaboration among institutions and countries; development of informational materials for non-academic stakeholders and media; and organization of study tours for decision makers. It was emphasized that biosafety knowledge is important for all aspects of environmental health, food safety, and human and animal hygiene. Thus, development of biosafety expertise, policies and procedures can be a stepping stone to facilitate improved biosafety for all aspects of society and the environment.