Librarian-Led Assessment of Medical Students' Evidence-Based Medicine Competency: Facilitators and Barriers.

Introduction: We must ensure, through rigorous assessment that physicians have the evidence-based medicine (EBM) skills to identify and apply the best available information to their clinical work. However, there is limited guidance on how to assess EBM competency. With a better understanding of their current role in EBM education, Health Sciences Librarians (HSLs), as experts, should be able to contribute to the assessment of medical student EBM competence. The purpose of this study is to explore the HSLs perspective on EBM assessment practices, both current state and potential future activities. Methods: We conducted focus groups with librarians from across the United States to explore their perceptions of assessing EBM competence in medical students. Participants had been trained to be raters of EBM competence as part of a novel Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). This OSCE was just the starting point and the discussion covered topics of current EBM assessment and possibility for expanded responsibilities at their own institutions. We used a reflexive thematic analysis approach to construct themes from our conversations. Results: We constructed eight themes in four broad categories that influence the success of librarians being able to engage in effective assessment of EBM: administrative, curricular, medical student, and librarian. Conclusion: Our results inform medical school leadership by pointing out the modifiable factors that enable librarians to be more engaged in conducting effective assessment. They highlight the need for novel tools, like EBM OSCEs, that can address multiple barriers and create opportunities for deeper integration of librarians into assessment processes.

Suggestions from Experience and AI Tools to Teach Evidence Based Practice to Nurses.

Hospital librarians receive invites to teach thinking and searching in an evidence-based way and critical appraisal of the literature to nurses. With these invitations, the hospital librarians play a central role in establishing an evidence-based culture in the hospital and contribute to the nursing staff feeling competent and confident in fulfilling evidence-based competencies. This author just prepared a 17-minute online talk as part of an international nursing webinar on "searching nursing literature in an evidence-based way." Using this experience, remembering other teaching and presentation experiences, and some "help" from AI tools, this experienced hospital librarian suggests decision points for colleagues to create a meaningful, practical information session for nurses and introduce to some AI tools along the way.

Are Working Nurses Enrolled in Graduate School Aware of Medical Librarians at Their Workplace? A Survey to Close the Research-to-Bedside Gap.

This article reports the results from an anonymous survey sent to working graduate nursing students. The survey asked about nurses' awareness of medical librarians at the healthcare institutions where they work. Less than half of the survey respondents were aware that medical librarians were available to them at work. Less than half of the survey respondents claimed they consulted with a medical librarian at work or witnessed another nurse consulting with a medical librarian. The disconnect between academia and patient care is part of the 15-year research-to-bedside gap that exists in nursing. Medical librarians can help to close the gap.

JUNTOS Radio: a podcast created in collaboration with Spanish-speaking healthcare providers, Juntos Center for Advancing Latino Health, and a medical librarian.

Spanish speaking healthcare providers, JUNTOS Center for Advancing Latino Health, and a medical librarian partnered to create a podcast on essential health topics relevant to the Latinx community. The podcasts were recorded in Spanish and included Spanish supplementary consumer health information from credible resources such as MedlinePlus en Espanol. The podcasts covered important topics about COVID-19 such as vaccines, clinical trials, and social distancing. It also includes other relevant topics that are affecting the Latinx community.

Assessment of Library Services in Pediatric Hospitals in the United States and Canada.

This study reports on a 2022 survey of pediatric hospital librarians in the U.S. and Canada to assess the status of staffing, resources, and services in their libraries. The report compares the data against the MLA Hospital Library Caucus Standards (2022) and the Canadian Hospital Library Association Standards (2020). The report also provides a comparison of the libraries' rankings using the Regional U.S. News & World Report Best Children's Hospitals and Magnet status. This approach is intended to determine how librarians and library services at hospitals that are recognized by the above programs differ from those that are not recognized.

Prompt Engineers or Librarians? An Exploration.

The article explores the role of "prompt engineers" as a professional title, extending beyond the field of generative AI for developers, comparing certain tasks to the role of librarians, such as conducting search queries. It is possible for librarians to work with AI models in conjunction with traditional literature databases with emphasizing the need to recognize the distinct nature of these information resources. We should take cautious consideration of the specific skills worth acquiring to improve work efficiency, as well as an understanding of the development trends in generative AI and library science.

Assessing Health Students' Knowledge of and Perceived Utility and Effectiveness of Graphic Medicine Materials.

Librarians can participate in the innovative field of graphic medicine by developing a collection of this genre. To assess the appropriateness of a graphic medicine collection in a university health science library, this study assessed knowledge of and usage of graphic medicine materials, as well as the materials' perceived utility and effectiveness. Given that responses suggested that graphic medicine resources can be useful to educational and clinical initiatives, it is reasonable for health science libraries to collect in this area. Further research in a practical setting can help illuminate the true effectiveness of graphic medicine materials in these realms.

An overview of the capabilities of ChatGPT for medical writing and its implications for academic integrity.

The artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT, which is based on a large language model (LLM), is gaining popularity in academic institutions, notably in the medical field. This article provides a brief overview of the capabilities of ChatGPT for medical writing and its implications for academic integrity. It provides a list of AI generative tools, common use of AI generative tools for medical writing, and provides a list of AI generative text detection tools. It also provides recommendations for policymakers, information professionals, and medical faculty for the constructive use of AI generative tools and related technology. It also highlights the role of health sciences librarians and educators in protecting students from generating text through ChatGPT in their academic work.

Madeline Earle Stanton (1898-1980): Librarian and Consultant of the Medical Historical Library at Yale University, Research Assistant in Bibliography in the Yale Department of the History of Medicine, Associate Editor of the Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, and Secretary and Protégé of Harvey Cushing.

BACKGROUND: This historical account reviews the course and lasting impact of Madeline Earle Stanton (1898-1980) in neurosurgery. METHODS: The writing of this project was sparked by the discovery of original scientific and bibliographical information about Stanton. It is a thorough review of literature on Stanton and reflects the scope and depth of these prior works. RESULTS: Beginning with Madeline Stanton's venture with Dr. Harvey Cushing at Harvard and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, this project follows the transformation of her role as Cushing's secretary to the secretary of the Medical Historical Library at Yale. Stanton played an integral role in the development of the Yale Medical Historical Library, becoming the librarian of the Historical Collections and remaining a historical consultant after retirement. Stanton served as an assistant and associate editor for the Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. Stanton's work created an access point to valuable medical literature for the furthering of medical education and development. CONCLUSIONS: Our article provides glimpses into the personality of Madeline Stanton and her marked impact on neurosurgery.

Virtual Reference at Health Sciences Libraries in the Time of COVID-19.

Virtual reference services have become a staple in many libraries, but these services reached a new level of importance when in-person reference shut down in response to COVID-19. This descriptive study aims to discover how health sciences librarians utilized virtual reference services in response to the pandemic. A survey was developed and distributed to health sciences librarians. The survey addressed the status of virtual reference services before and during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as any changes that are seen as libraries reopen. Virtual reference shifted heavily to video conferencing during the pandemic both for librarians at home and those remaining onsite.

Trends in Research Data Management and Academic Health Sciences Libraries.

Spurred by the National Institute of Health mandating a data management and sharing plan as a requirement of grant funding, research data management has exploded in importance for librarians supporting researchers and research institutions. This editorial examines the role and direction of libraries in this process from several viewpoints. Key markers of success include collaboration, establishing new relationships, leveraging existing relationships, accessing multiple avenues of communication, and building niche expertise and cachè as a valued and trustworthy partner.

Themes in Health Sciences Librarianship Literature, 2016-2020: A Keyword and Subject Analysis.

Previous investigations into trends in Library and Information Science literature have revealed changes in the topics librarians publish on over time, with older studies highlighting classification and indexing, and information retrieval and more recent studies highlighting keywords such as Internet, information technology, digital libraries, and again, information retrieval. No similar investigation has been conducted on current publication trends by health sciences librarians. This study analyzes the top themes on which health sciences librarians published from 2016 to 2020 by examining the frequency of keywords. Keywords and subject headings were analyzed from The Journal of the Medical Library Association, Medical References Services Quarterly, The Journal of Hospital Librarianship, and The Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries. A total of 8,806 keywords were downloaded for analysis and organized into 292 categories during taxonomy creation. The ten most frequent themes were: libraries, information, education, humans, demography, librarian, geographical locations, research, electronic resources, and technology. The study also found that data, psychiatry and psychology, informatics, and publishing were other key themes, indicating that health sciences librarians are publishing on a wide range of topics. Some keywords that appeared only once, such as telecommuting and flexible staffing, suggest emerging areas of research for librarians.

Medical libraries and their complicated past: an exploration of the historical connections between medical collections and racial science.

For over a millennium, libraries and library workers have advanced the knowledge of human science by building, preserving, and sharing collections and research. Historically, libraries have also aligned their institutional responsibilities to adhere to and support the values and virtues of oppressive and colonial practices. Library history has shown the mistreatments and denials of information access of marginalized groups. The history of libraries in the health and medical sciences reveals how these institutions and their workers have preserved and circulated research studies perpetuating racial science. This commentary highlights how such institutions shape and contribute to racial science in the field of medicine. By exploring the history of medicine through this lens, we examine how such institutions have been complicit in upholding racial science. We explore historical documents and archival collections that have been collected and preserved, particularly records and data of vulnerable groups, to advance the knowledge and understanding of the human body through the ideology of racial science. We argue that health and medical sciences librarians need to critically interrogate the racism in medical libraries and its history and address how health misinformation is common even in scholarly publications.

More than just pronouns - gender-neutral and inclusive language in patient education materials: suggestions for patient education librarians.

Trusted patient education materials are the backbone of an effective consumer health library. However, members of the LGBTQ+ community may not see themselves or their families reflected in many resources due to the gendered and non-inclusive language they are written in. This article outlines some suggestions for concrete actions that patient librarians can take to ensure that their materials are not excluding LGBTQ+ patients.

Health sciences library workshops in the COVID era: librarian perceptions and decision making.

Objective: We sought to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted academic health sciences library workshops. We hypothesized that health sciences libraries moved workshops online during the height of the pandemic and that they continued to offer workshops virtually after restrictions were eased. Additionally, we believed that attendance increased. Methods: In March 2022, we invited 161 Association of American Health Sciences Libraries members in the US and Canada to participate in a Qualtrics survey about live workshops. Live workshops were defined as synchronous; voluntary; offered to anyone regardless of school affiliation; and not credit-bearing. Three time periods were compared, and a chi square test of association was conducted to evaluate the relationship between time period and workshop format. Results: Seventy-two of 81 respondents offered live workshops. A chi square test of association indicated a significant association between time period and primary delivery method, chi-square (4, N=206) = 136.55, p< .005. Before March 2020, 77% of respondents taught in person. During the height of the pandemic, 91% taught online and 60% noted higher attendance compared to pre-pandemic numbers. During the second half of 2021, 65% of workshops were taught online and 43% of respondents felt that attendance was higher than it was pre-pandemic. Overall workshop satisfaction was unchanged (54%) or improved (44%). Conclusion: Most health sciences librarians began offering online workshops following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. More than half of respondents were still teaching online in the second half of 2021. Some respondents reported increased attendance with similar levels of satisfaction.

Promoting rural residents' participation in clinical trials: clinical trials basics programming and training for rural public librarians.

Background: Having diverse representation in clinical trial participation is important. Historically, rural residents have been underrepresented in clinical trial research. Public librarians have an opportunity to promote clinical trial participation among rural residents by offering consumer health information services that help patrons to understand what clinical trials are and how they can find relevant clinical trials. Case Presentation: A consumer health library and a clinical trial center located at a large academic medical center collaborated to provide clinical trial information programming to rural public libraries. The group was awarded a Network of the National Library of Medicine (NNLM) Community Outreach Grant and was able to plan, develop, promote, and implement programs including training workshops, a speaker event, and a book discussion to rural public librarians. Discussion: Marketing the programs to rural public libraries was difficult and many barriers were encountered. Though registration and subsequent participation were low, participants expressed interest and gratitude for the programs. For any future programs targeting this population, further strategies will need to be implemented to ensure increased registrations and attendees.

A decade of systematic reviews: an assessment of Weill Cornell Medicine's systematic review service.

Background: The Weill Cornell Medicine, Samuel J. Wood Library's Systematic Review (SR) service began in 2011, with 2021 marking a decade of service. This paper will describe how the service policies have grown and will break down our service quantitatively over the past 11 years to examine SR timelines and trends. Case Presentation: We evaluated 11 years (2011-2021) of SR request data from our in-house documentation. In the years assessed, there have been 319 SR requests from 20 clinical departments, leading to 101 publications with at least one librarian collaborator listed as co-author. The average review took 642 days to publication, with the longest at 1408 days, and the shortest at 94 days. On average, librarians spent 14.7 hours in total on each review. SR projects were most likely to be abandoned at the title/abstract screening phase. Several policies have been put into place over the years in order to accommodate workflows and demand for our service. Discussion: The SR service has seen several changes since its inception in 2011. Based on the findings and emerging trends discussed here, our service will inevitably evolve further to adapt to these changes, such as machine learning-assisted technology.