Knowledge of and attitudes towards periodontal health among adults in Tehran

Determining what people know and believe about periodontal health and disease is important in order to establish prevention practices.This study aimed to assess knowledge of and attitudes towards periodontal health among adults in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.We conducted a cross-sectional face-to-face interview survey in 2011 of 791 adults aged 18-50 years using a stratified, multistage sampling method.We recorded demographic characteristics including age, sex, education, marital status, employment and economic status [housing density]. The lowest percentage of correct answers was related to the definition of dental plaque [11.6%]and the highest was for the role of the dental visit in prevention [92.8%]. Female sex, university education and higher economic status were significantly associated with a higher mean score on periodontal health knowledge.The regression analysis showed that positive attitudes were associated with higher periodontal health knowledge and having university education.In this study positive attitudes towards prevention were related to better knowledge

يعتبر التعرف على ما يعرفه ويعتقده الناس حول صحة دواعم الأسنان ومرضها مها من أجل توطيد ممارسات الوقاية. وتهدف هذه الدراسة لتقييم المعارف والمواقف حول صحة دواعم الأسنان بين البالغين في طهران، جمهورية إيران الإسلامية، وقد قام الباحثون بمقابلات شخصية في جميع القطاعات لإجراء المسح الذي شمل 791 بالغا ممن تراوح أعمارهم بين 18 و 50 عاما، وكان ذلك عام 2011 ، واستخدموا طريقة الاعتيان المتعدد المراحل والطبقات، وسجلوا السمات الديموغرافية التي تشمل العمر والجنس والتعليم والحالة الزواجية والعمل والوضع الاقتصادي [الكثافة في المسكن]. وقد كانت أدنى نسبة مئوية من الإجابات الصحيحة ترتبط بتعريف اللويحة السنية [11.6 %]، وأعلاها ترتبط بدور زيارة طبيب الأسنان في الوقاية [92.8 %]. وكان هناك ترابط يعتد به إحصائيا بين كل من الجنس المؤنث، والتعليم الجامعي والوضع الاقتصادي المرتفع وبين ارتفاع درجات المعارف حول صحة دواعم الأسنان. وقد أظهر التحليل التحوفي أن المواقف الإيجابية مرتبطة بارتفاع المعارف الصحية لدواعم الأسنان وبحيازة التعليم الجامعي.وقد أظهرت هذه الدراسة أن المواقف الإيجابية تجاه الوقاية تترابط مع تحسن المعارف

La détermination des connaissances et des croyances en matière de santé parodontale et de parodontopathies est essentielle pour établir des pratiques préventives.La présente étude visait à évaluer les connaissances et les attitudes vis-à-vis de la sante parodontale des adultes à Téhéran [République islamique d'Iran]. Nous avons mené une enquête transversale reposant sur des entretiens individuels en 2011 auprès de 791 adultes âgés de 18 à 50 ans selon une méthode d'échantillonnage stratifié à plusieurs degrés.Nous avons enregistré les caractéristiques démographiques telles que l'âge, le sexe, le niveau d'études, la situation matrimoniale, l'emploi et le statut économique [la densité du logement]. Le pourcentage le plus faible de bonnes réponses était lie à la définition de la plaque dentaire [11, 6 %]alors que le pourcentage le plus élevé était lie au rôle de la visite préventive chez le dentiste [92, 8 %]. Le fait d'être de sexe féminin, d'avoir un niveau d'études supérieures et un statut économique plus élevé était significativement associé à un score moyen supérieur pour les connaissances en santé parodontale.L'analyse de régression a révélé que les attitudes positives étaient associées à des connaissances en santé parodontale plus élevés et au fait d'avoir suivi des études universitaires.Dans la présente étude, les attitudes positives vis-a-vis de la prévention étaient liées à de meilleures connaissances

Goals for oral health in Tunisia 2020

In 1981, the World Health Organization [WHO] together with the F‚d‚ration Dentaire Internationale [FDI] set global dental health goals for the year 2000 within the global strategy of health for all. In 1999, a team of experts drew up new goals to be achieved by 2020, which aimed to facilitate specific oral health policy development for each country. These goals are more general and have to be adapted to local circumstances. This paper aimed to adapt the WHO/FDI/IADR's Global goals for oral health 2020 to Tunisia and draw up new national goals and targets for Tunisia based on previous national oral health surveys

Relationship between overall and abdominal obesity and periodontal disease among young adults

To assess overall and abdominal obesity and their relation to periodontal disease among young adults, body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC] were measured and clinical attachment loss [CAL], gingival index [GI] and Community Periodontal Index [CPI] were estimated. The sample comprised 380 adults [170 males and 210 females] aged 20-26 years. There was a significant correlation between both BMI and WC and CAL, GI and CPI in females. In males, a significant correlation was only recorded between WC and GI and CPI. Overall and abdominal obesity in young adult females and abdominal obesity in males were significantly associated with periodontal disease

Effect of smoking on the response to nonsurgical periodontal therapy

To investigate the influence of smoking on the response of nonsurgical periodontal treatment, a prospective study was carried out on 65 smokers and 68 nonsmoker controls. Both groups were examined periodontally for plaque, bleeding and loss of attachment, before and after a course of treatment with oral hygiene instructions, scaling, root planning periodontal and polishing. Before treatment, mean bleeding index score was significantly higher in smokers than nonsmokers but scores were similar after treatment. Plaque index scores were similar in both groups before and after treatment. Loss of attachment score was significantly higher in smokers before treatment and remained higher after treatment. Smokers showed more signs of periodontal disease, and treatment did not reverse this fully

National survey of the oral health of 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren in the United Arab Emirates

This paper describes the first national survey of oral health in the United Arab Emirates [UAE]. Using WHO criteria, dental caries and fluorosis were recorded in 2651 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years, and periodontal disease in those aged 15 years. The prevalence of dental caries in the permanent teeth of 12-year-olds was 54%; the mean DMFT [number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth] per child was 1.6. The prevalence of dental caries in 15-year-olds was 65% and the mean DMFT was 2.5. For the UAE as a whole, 70% of 12-year-old schoolchildren had no dental fluorosis and 37% of 15-year-olds had healthy periodontal tissues

Periodontal status of type 2 diabetics compared with nondiabetics in north Jordan

The periodontal status of 106 type 2 diabetic patients was assessed and compared with that of 106 age-matched nondiabetics. Patients older than 20 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited from the outpatient internal medicine clinics at the 2 main hospitals in Irbid governorate, Jordan. Periodontal disease was more severe in type 2 diabetic patients than in nondiabetics, as indicated by significantly mean higher gingival index, periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment level and tooth mobility. There was no significant difference in the mean plaque index between diabetics and nondiabetics. The severity of periodontal disease was significantly higher in patients with diabetes > 5 years than those with duration </= 5 years

Prevalence and risk indicators of periodontal disease among high-school students in Tehran

To identify the prevalence and risk indicators of periodontal disease in high-school students in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, the periodontal condition of 867 students aged 15-19 years was assessed using the community periodontal index of treatment needs [CPITN]. The results showed that 88.7% of these students had less than perfect periodontal health. Multiple regression analysis revealed that sex, parents' educational level, frequency of toothbrushing and flossing, preventive dental visits and presence of extracted teeth were significant risk indicators for periodontal disease. School-based oral health promotion and prevention programmes are needed

Reasons for tooth extraction among patients in Sebha, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya: a pilot study

We investigated the causes of tooth extraction among patients in Sebha in southern Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. A total of 600 patients who had undergone tooth extraction were surveyed. We found more males [68%] than females had t~adle etti extracted and also patients with no education [53%]. Caries and periodontal disease were the main causes of tooth extraction. For those patients who opted for tooth extraction over other treatment, they mostly did so for financial reasons. There was generally poor oral hygiene and oral knowledge, which should be tackled

Assesment of periodontal disease using the CPITN index in rural population in Ninevah, Iraq

To estimate the prevalence of periodontal disease in a rural population and to assess the periodontal treatment needs, a sample of 1418 individuals aged between 7 years and 70 years, from three villages in Ninevah Governorate was examined using the community periodental index of treatment needs to assess their periodontal condition. Only 12.5% of the sample had healthy teeth and gums, and calculus was the most frequently observed periodontal condition. There is a need for dental prophylaxis and instruction in the use of oral hygiene procedures. There was no significant difference between males and females in periodontal health

Oral Health survey at an air base in Jordan

The aim of this investigation was to assess the severity and prevalence of periodontal disease and dental caries in 507 subjects, ranging in age from 15 to 44 years, at an army air base in Jordan. Using the Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs [CPITN], it was found that prevalence of periodontal disease increased with age, but incidence of caries, gingivitis and calculus was alarmingly high in young adults [20-24 years]. Overall, the rate of decayed, missing and filled teeth [DMFT] is rising, a trend that has been noted in similar studies from other developing countries

[Oral health care and periodontal disease among schoolchildren in the Syrian Arab Republic]

It has been observed that a strong inverse correlation exists between prevalence and severity of periodontal disease and the level of oral hygiene, where appropriate oral health behaviour and good knowledge in oral health have an important role in preventing such disease. A study was conducted among 360 children of 15 years of age in the Syrian Arab Republic. to assess the relation between oral health behaviour and periodontal disease. The results of the study revealed law cleanliness levels, poor knowledge and inappropriate behaviour in oral health and high prevalence of periodontal disease. Oral health education programmes and oral hygiene procedures should be oriented towards schoolchildren as early as possible

Oral health in Lebanon: a pilot pathfinder survey

A pilot pathfinder survey for oral health was conducted in order to identify the level of caries and periodontal diseases in Lebanon and to produce baseline data, to be followed by a national oral health survey. The study involved 320 students, of whom 158 were 12 years old and 162 were 15 years old. The decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth [DMFT] scores for 12 and 15-year-olds were 5.0 and 7.7, respectively. Ninety-two per cent [92%] of the children aged 12 years and 96% of the children aged 15 years were affected by dental caries. The prevalence of periodontal disease among 15-yearolds was shown to be one of the highest [94.5%] in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Avances recientes en salud bucodental : informe de un comité de expertos de la OMS [se reunió en Ginebra del 3 al 9 de diciembre de 1991] / Recent advances in oral health : report of a WHO expert committee [meetingheld in Geneva from 3 to 9 December 1991]

En esta obra se evalúan los grandes adelantos que se han hecho recientemente en lo relativo a la tecnología, los materiales y los métodos clínicos aplicados en salud bucodental y se expone lo mucho que ha mejorado la capacidad para prevenir y tratar las enfermedades bucodentales. Dirigido a las autoridades de salud bucodental, el informe procura en particular identificar los nuevos métodos y técnicas que han demostrado su utilidad, tanto por razones de costo como de eficacia, y son por consiguiente aplicables a la salud pública. Aunque muchos de esos avances son de aplicabilidad universal, se presta especial atención a los métodos y técnicas que pueden mejorar la salud bucodental en situaciones donde los recursos son limitados y escasea el equipo de alta tecnología. El informe muestra también lo mucho que los nuevos conocimientos científicos y la tecnología han contribuido a la instauración de procedimientos de atención bucodental que requieren una invasión mínima y pocas intervenciones. La información se presenta en tres secciones principales. En la primera se expone la amplia gama de nuevas opciones disponibles para prevenir la caries dental y las periodontopatías y para detectar precozmente el cáncer de la boca. Entre otros adelantos merecen especial mención el desarrollo de nuevos agentes antimicrobianos, los vehículos para la aplicación del fluoruro, los edulcorantes calóricos y no calóricos, y técnicas como el empleo de sustancias selladoras para evitar las depresiones y fisuras por caries. También se pasa revista a los interesantes trabajos hechos sobre la manipulación genética de bacterias patógenas y el desarrollo de vacunas inocuas y eficaces de administración oral. La segunda sección describe una serie de nuevas opciones para diagnosticar y tratar las enfermedades bucodentales. Ocupan un lugar destacado los nuevos materiales, con propiedades de prevención y control de la caries, utilizables en las restauraciones, las nuevas pruebas para el diagnóstico precoz de las periodontopatías y el uso de técnicas para el diseño y la fabricación de incrustaciones con ayuda de computadoras. Considerando las nuevas vías de tratamiento ahora disponibles, el informe llega a la conclusión de que una lesión incipiente por caries no tiene por qué convertirse en una cavidad y que la inmensa mayoría de los problemas periodontales se puede ahora tratar con métodos conservadores que no son quirúrgicos. Otros sectores en que se ha avanzado son la regeneración tisular, el tratamiento de la periodontitis juvenil y la sustitución de los dientes faltantes. El informe se refiere también a la intervención creciente del personal de salud bucodental en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del cáncer bucal y de las manifestaciones bucodentales de otras enfermedades, en particular la infección por el VIH y el SIDA. La sección final versa sobre la utilización creciente de las computadoras para la gestión electrónica de la atención bucodental, el almacenamiento y la transmisión de datos clínicos y el adiestramiento del personal de salud bucodental

Recent advances in oral health : report of a WHO expert committee [meeting held in Geneva from 3 to 9 December 1991] / Progrès récents en santé bucco-dentaire : rapport d' un Comité OMS d' experts [réuni à Genève du 3 au 9 décembre 1991] / Avances recientes en salud bucodental : informe de un comité de expertos de la OMS [se reunió en Ginebra del 3 al 9 de diciembre de 1991]

Evaluates striking recent advances in oral health care technology, materials, and clinical methods in terms of their capacity to improve the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Addressed to oral health authorities, the report makes a special effort to identify new methods and technologies that have proved their advantages, in terms of costs as well as effectiveness, and can thus be implemented at the public health level. Although many of these advances are universally applicable, particular attention is given to methods and techniques that can improve oral health care in settings where resources are limited and high-technology equipment is scarce. The report also shows how dramatic improvements in scientific knowledge and technology have contributed to the minimally invasive, low-intervention approach to oral health care that is now recommended. Information is presented in three main sections. The first describes the wide range of new options for the prevention of dental caries and periodontal diseases, and for the early detection of oral cancer. Advances covered include the development of new anti-microbials, vehicles for fluoride application, caloric and non-caloric sweeteners, and techniques, such as the use of dental sealants to prevent pit and fissure caries. Promising work on the genetic manipulation of pathogenic bacteria and on the development of safe and effective oral vaccines is also reviewed. The second section describes a number of new options available to diagnose and treat oral diseases. Highlights include new materials with caries-preventive or caries-arresting properties for use in restoration, new tests for the early diagnosis of periodontal diseases, and the use of computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacture technology for the fabrication of inlays. Noting that a new approach to treatment is now possible, the report concludes that a caries lesion in its early stage need never become a cavty, and that the vast majority of periodontal problems can now be treated using non-surgical, conservative approaches. Other areas of progress include advances in tissue regeneration, in the management of juvenile periodontitis, and in the replacement of missing teeth. The report also documents the growing involvement of oral health care practitioners in the diagnosis and management of oral cancers and oral manifestations of other diseases, notably HIV infection and AIDS. The final section reviews the increasing role played by computers in the electronic management of oral care, in the storage and transmission of clinical data, and in the education of oral health personnel

Progrès récents en santé bucco-dentaire : rapport d' un Comité OMS d' experts [réuni à Genève du 3 au 9 décembre 1991] / Recent advances in oral health : report of a WHO expert committee [meetingheld in Geneva from 3 to 9 December 1991]

Ce rapport évalue les progrès remarquables qui viennent d'être enregistrés en ce qui concerne les techniques, les matériaux et les méthodes cliniques dans le domaine des soins bucco-dentaires, compte tenu de leur capacité à améliorer la prévention et le traitement des maladies bucco-dentaires. Destiné aux autorités responsables de la santé bucco-dentaire, il s'efforce tout particulièrement d'identifier les méthodes et techniques nouvelles dont les avantages, sur le plan des coûts comme sur celui de l'efficacité ont été prouvés et qui peuvent, par conséquent, être appliquées en santé publique. Il montre également comment les améliorations spectaculaires des connaissances et des techniques ont contribué à l'adoption d'une approche peu interventionniste et aussi peu invasive que possible, qui est maintenant recommandée en matière de soins bucco-dentaires. Sont décrits dans trois sections distinctes la vaste gamme des options nouvelles pour la prévention des caries dentaires et des parodontopathies et le dépistage précoce des cancers de la bouche, les options nouvelles pour diagnostiquer et traiter les parodontopathies, et le rôle croissant joué par les ordinateurs dans la gestions électronique des soins bucco-dentaires, l'enregistrement et la transmission des données cliniques et l'éducation du personnel de santé bucco-dentaire