RESUMO
Robert Remak was the first scientist to undertake successful research on fungal skin infections. A neurologist, physiologist, and embryologist, Remak was the first to observe the fungal changes causing the disease of favus; however, he gave credit for the discovery to Professor Johann Schönlein and denied all attempts by others to credit him with the discovery by calling them a mistake. He named the disease Achorion schönleinii; however, over time, the name was changed to Trichophyton schoenleinii. Remak also described axial fibers encased in a medullary sheath and was the first to recognize nonmyelated (sympathetic) nerve fibers, today called fibers of Remak. He demonstrated the existence of the medullary nerve sheath and its production in the process of structured cell division. Remak also was the first to demonstrate that the cerebral cortex consists of six layers and to assert that there are three germ layers in the early embryo and not four.
Assuntos
Dermatologia/história , Dermatomicoses/história , Embriologia/história , História do Século XIX , Neurologia/história , PolôniaRESUMO
From 1833 to 1840, Johann Lucas Schönlein, a native of Bamberg, Germany, was Professor of Internal Medicine at the newly created University of Zurich, Switzerland. His career and professional personality are described succintly in this paper. Schönlein was a most successful clinical teacher. He was the first German professor to teach at Würzburg, 1819-1832) clinical percussion and auscultation. On the other hand, he obviously hated writing and publishing. His 3 important discoveries, all made during his years in Zurich, were published on a total of 3 printed pages: so-called typhoid crystals in patients' stools (1836), "peliosis rheumatica" (1837), and - most important - the causative agent of favus (1839), a fungus later named Achorion schoenleinii. This was the first instance of a human disease that could be clearly attributed to the action of a micro-organism.
