Protocolo basado en la evidencia de los cuidados de los catéteres urinarios en unidades de cuidados intensivos / Evidence-based protocol on the urinary catheter cares in intensive care units

Las Infecciones del Tracto Urinario (ITU) representan el 24,92% de las infecciones nosocomiales investigadas UCI, y se asocia a un aumento de la morbi-mortalidad y a un incremento de la estancia hospitalaria y costes hospitalarios; comprometiendo la seguridad de los pacientes. La prevalencia de la ITU en UCI está directamente relacionada con el uso generalizado del catéter uretral (CU).Se ha estimado que entre el 17 y 69% de las ITU asociada al CU se pueden prevenir mediante un programa de prevención basado en la evidencia. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention de EE. UU. recomienda, con una fuerte evidencia para su implementación, el uso de paquetes de medidas basadas en la evidencia y la formación continua del personal sanitario en los Factores de Riesgo extrínsecos de la ITU asociada al CU relacionados con los cuidados de enfermería (Técnica de inserción, mantenimiento y sistema de drenaje).La elaboración de un protocolo de cuidados de los CU basado en la evidencia, versado en las últimas guías clínicas, así como revisiones sistemática extraídas de la Biblioteca Cochrane, donde se describen los cuidados de práctica clínica que más evidencian su relación directa con la disminución de la ITU asociada al CU, nos permitirá consensuar las directrices de nuestros cuidados para evitar su variabilidad, evaluar y comparar, con otras UCI, la calidad de nuestros cuidados a través de indicadores de calidad establecidos por Estudio Nacional de Vigilancia de Infección Nosocomial en Servicios de Medicina Intensiva (AU)

Abstract Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) account for 24.92% of ICU nosocomial infections investigated. They are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, increased hospital stay andhospital costs, jeopardizing patient safety. Prevalence of UTI in ICU is directly related to thewidespread use of urethral catheter (UC). It has been estimated that between 17% and 69% of UTIs associated with the UC can beprevented through an evidence-based prevention program. The Centers for Disease Control andPrevention recommend, based on strong evidence for its implementation, the use of packagesbased on evidence and ongoing training of health personnel in the extrinsic risk factors of UTIassociated with UC-related nursing care (technique of insertion, maintenance and drainagesystem).The development of an evidence-based UC protocol of care for, dealt with in the latest clinicalguidelines, and the systematic reviews extracted from the Cochrane, where the clinical caresthat are most clearly shown to have a direct relation to decrease of UTI asssociated with UCare described, will make it possible for us to reach a consensus on the guidelines of our careto avoid their variability. This will also make it possible to evaluate and compare the qualityof our cares with other ICUs, using quality indicators established by the National SurveillanceStudy of Nosocomial Infection in Medical Services Intensive (AU)

[Evidence-based protocol on the urinary catheter cares in intensive care units]. / Protocolo basado en la evidencia de los cuidados de los catéteres urinarios en unidades de cuidados intensivos.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) account for 24.92% of ICU nosocomial infections investigated. They are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, increased hospital stay and hospital costs, jeopardizing patient safety. Prevalence of UTI in ICU is directly related to the widespread use of urethral catheter (UC). It has been estimated that between 17% and 69% of UTIs associated with the UC can be prevented through an evidence-based prevention program. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend, based on strong evidence for its implementation, the use of packages based on evidence and ongoing training of health personnel in the extrinsic risk factors of UTI associated with UC-related nursing care (technique of insertion, maintenance and drainage system). The development of an evidence-based UC protocol of care for, dealt with in the latest clinical guidelines, and the systematic reviews extracted from the Cochrane, where the clinical cares that are most clearly shown to have a direct relation to decrease of UTI asssociated with UC are described, will make it possible for us to reach a consensus on the guidelines of our care to avoid their variability. This will also make it possible to evaluate and compare the quality of our cares with other ICUs, using quality indicators established by the National Surveillance Study of Nosocomial Infection in Medical Services Intensive.