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Interventions that facilitate sustainable development by preventing toxic exposure to chemicals: an overview of systematic reviews / Intervenciones que facilitan el desarrollo sostenible al prevenir la exposición tóxica a los productos químicos: síntesis de revisiones sistemáticas
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 39(6),jun. 2016
Article em En | PAHOIRIS | ID: phr-28546
Biblioteca responsável: US1.1
ABSTRACT
Objective. To identify interventions that 1) facilitate sustainable development by preventing toxic exposure to chemicals, including pesticides, and 2) have a positive impact on health. Methods. This overview utilized systematic review methods to synthesize evidence from multiple systematic reviews and economic evaluations. A comprehensive search was conducted based on a predefined protocol, including clear inclusion criteria. To be classified as “sustainable” interventions needed to aim (explicitly or implicitly) to 1) have a positive impact on at least two key dimensions of the United Nations integrated framework for sustainable development and 2) include measures of health impact. Results. Thirteen systematic reviews and two economic evaluations met the inclusion criteria. The interventions that were most likely to have a positive impact on health included 1) legislation to ban Endosulfan pesticide to prevent fatal poisonings; 2) testing of drinking water for contamination with arsenic, and dissemination of the results to households; and 3) implementation of organic farming / diet to reduce exposure to pesticides. However, the cost-effectiveness of these three interventions and their impact(s) on health inequalities is not known. Strict enforcement of interventions to reduce lead in houses with children was costbeneficial. Education and dust control interventions performed by cleaning professionals to reduce blood lead levels in children were ineffective. Conclusions. What is needed now is careful implementation of the interventions whose impacts are likely to be positive. Ineffective interventions need to be replaced with more effective and cost-effective interventions. Finally, more and better-quality research on the prevention of toxic exposure to chemicals is needed to better support policy development.
Assuntos
Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 04-international_org Base de dados: PAHOIRIS Assunto principal: Praguicidas / América / Revisão / Compostos Químicos / Exposição Ambiental / Desenvolvimento Sustentável Tipo de estudo: Overview / Prognostic_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude / Equity_inequality Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Article
Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 04-international_org Base de dados: PAHOIRIS Assunto principal: Praguicidas / América / Revisão / Compostos Químicos / Exposição Ambiental / Desenvolvimento Sustentável Tipo de estudo: Overview / Prognostic_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude / Equity_inequality Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Article