[Methodological approaches to the analysis of postradiation impairment of lympho- and hematopoiesis]. / Metodicheskie podkhody k analizu postradiatsionnykh narushenii limfo- i gemopoéza.

Human intrathymic precursors are characterized by mitogenic reaction on thymic hormone, lacking the cortical and medullar thymic membrane markers (CD3, CD4 and/or CD8) and expressing of the common T-cell CD7 and CD5 antigens. Fraction 1.062 g/cm3 of peripheral white blood cells contains cells with analogous characteristics. The cell fraction of blood from men participated in amelioration after the Chernobyl accident is enriched with hemopoietic precursors (CD4+), pre-T-cells, reacting to thymosin (CD5+CD3-), and CD3+CD4-CD8- T-cells in a greater extent than the cell fraction from donors blood. Defects of T-cell and hemopoietic differentiation in children migrated from the Chernobyl area to Moscow Region were more substantial than in "ameliorators" and correlated with drop of thymic serum activity level. Research substantiates the approach to analysis of radiation-induced defects in early stages of lympho- and hemopoiesis.

[A comparison of the antioxidative activity of carnosine by using chemical and biological models]. / Sravnenie antiokislitel'noi aktivnosti karnozina s ispol'zovaniem khimicheskikh i biologicheskikh modelei.

The difference in the efficiency of carnosine as an antioxidant was found to be explained both by the source of carnosine and the specificity of models used to achieve visualization. Commercial carnosine samples were contaminated with compound (s) absorbing at 255-332 nm. At the same time they possessed better antioxidant activity in the models with Fe2-induced peroxidation process. In the case of chemical models for generation of active forms of oxygen (several modifications of the Fenton reaction) or during burst of superoxide generation by leucocytes, the antioxidant effect of carnosine did not depend of the source of the compound under study.

[The effect of carnosine on hematopoietic stem cell activity in irradiated animals]. / Vliianie karnozina na aktivnost' gemopoéticheskikh stvolovykh kletok u obluchennykh zhivotnykh.

Carnosine given to adult animals together with potable water one day prior to gamma-irradiation or injected in a single intraperitoneal dose one hour after irradiation enhances colony formation by haemopoietic stem cells migrating from the bone marrow to the spleen. In young animals with a high colony-forming activity carnosine either decreases or does not influence at all the efficiency of colony production.

[The effect of autoblood in a hyposmotic state on the colony-forming activity of hematopoietic stem cells]. / Deistvie autokrovi v sostoianii gipoosmosa na koloniobrazuiushchuiu aktivnost' gemopoéticheskikh stvolovykh kletok.

It has been shown that hypoosmotic autoblood injected sub- or intracutaneously stimulates the colony-forming activity of haemopoietic stem cells in mice. Autoblood injected to animals immediately after their irradiation stimulates haemopoiesis even after a single dose. When mice are injected with autoblood prior to irradiation, the time between the first injection and the day of irradiation is critical for manifestation of the immunomodulating effect. Autoblood infusions immediately before, the day before, or two days before irradiation markedly deteriorate the clinical status of experimental animals and cause death in some of them. It is suggested that stimulation of haemopoiesis is associated with the appearance in the blood stream of a population of radiosensitive cells, apparently T-cell precursors.

[Stimulating effects of carnosine on hemopoietic stem cells]. / Stimuliruiushchee deistvie karnozina na gemopoéticheskie stvolovye kletki.

It was shown that intake of carnosine in a dose of 50-100 mg/kg of body weight before X-ray irradiation resulted in an increase of the survival of experimental mice. The protective effect of carnosine was manifested, when it was injected either before or after irradiation, but the effect was more pronounced in the case of shortening time between irradiation and injection. An enhancement of colony forming index of bound cells in spleen was also observed simultaneously with protective action of carnosine. These effects are supposed to be the result of immunomodulating activity of carnosine.

[The action of osmotic shock on blood cell populations]. / Deistvie osmoticheskogo shoka na populiatsii kletok krovi.

The effect of osmotic shock on human lymphocytes receptors is investigated. The patients are shown to be varied in terms of osmotic stability of lymphocytes, although under osmotic shock the decrease of cell share with definite immunological markers is observed in all cases. It is characteristic of all T-lymphocyte populations. The incubation of non-diluted blood with carnosin preserves largely the investigated receptors at osmotic shock. It is suggested that described modifications in lymphocyte receptor system connect with immunocorrective effect of the hypoosmotic blood.

[Effect of autologous blood in the hypo-osmotic state on the immune system of the body]. / Vliianie autologichnoi krovi v sostoianii gipoosmosa na immunnuiu sistemu organizma.

The analysis of the immune status of patients under neurodermatitis after autologous blood treatment has been performed. It has been found that positive therapeutic effect correlates with a number of immunologic parameters: the lysozyme content raises, the metabolic activity of neutrophilic cells increases, a number of T-lymphocytes grows to a certain degree, the balance of T-lymphocyte subpopulation normalizes.