Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ziziphus nummularia leaf extract and evaluation of their antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic and genotoxic potential (4-in-1 system).

This study reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from silver nitrate by leaf extract of a medicinal plant Ziziphus nummularia. The leaf extract acts as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the formation of nanoparticles. The green synthesized AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FITR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and evaluated their antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic and genotoxic potential. The UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a characteristic absorption peak at 430 nm due to surface plasma resonance. TEM analysis showed that synthesized AgNPs were spherical and oval with an average size of 25.96 nm. AgNPs showed effective antimicrobial activity (lowest MIC-0.625 µg/mL against Escherichia coli), synergistic antimicrobial activity (lowest ΣFIC 0.09 with chlormaphenicol against Corynebacterium rubrum) and antibiofilm activity. AgNPs showed strong DPPH activity with IC50 - 520 µg/mL and ABTS activity IC50 - 55 µg/mL and reducing capacity assessment. In vitro cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT assay against HeLa cells, breast cells and fibroblast cells. Genotoxic effect was evaluated by comet assay. AgNPs displayed dose-dependent cytotoxic and genotoxic effect. Our findings indicated that synthesized AgNPs could be considered as multifunctional and have great potential for use in biomedical applications.HighlightsSilver nanoparticles were synthesized using leaf extract of Ziziphus nummulariaCharacterization was done by various spectral techniquesAntimicrobial efficacy was demonstrated against an array of bacteriaAgNPs exhibited significant cytotoxic effect against HeLa cell lineAgNPs showed cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner.

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antimicrobial screening studies of some pyridyl-coumarin compounds / Síntesis, caracterización y evaluación antimicrobiana in vitro de algunos derivados de piridil-coumarina

SUMMARY In vitro antimicrobial screening of some pyridyl-coumarin compounds were done against some bacterial and fungal strains in DMF and DMSO. These pyridyl-coumarin compounds were synthesized in the laboratory and their structure was confirmed by different spectroscopic techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass. Some of these compounds exhibited excellent antibacterial activity in both the solvents.

RESUMEN La actividad antimicrobiana in vitro de algunos compuestos derivados de piridil-coumarina se evaluó frente a algunas cepas bacterianas y fúngicas en DMF y DMSO. Las piridil-cumarinas se sintetizaron en el laboratorio y sus estructuras se confirmaron por diferentes técnicas espectroscópicas, tales como IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR y masas. Algunos de los compuestos que se obtuvieron presentaron buena actividad antibacteriana en ambos solventes.

Characterization, antifungal and cytotoxic evaluation of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using Ziziphus nummularia leaf extract.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using Ziziphus nummularia leaf extract. The characterization was done by various spectral analysis and antifungal (anti-candidal) activity against multidrug resistant clinical isolates and their cytotoxic potential was evaluated. The ZnO NPs were 17.33 nm in size and were spherical/irregular in shape. The antifungal activity of ZnO NPs was better than four standard azole antibiotics and they also showed potent cytotoxic effect against HeLa cancer cell line. The results strongly suggest the applicability of green synthesized ZnO NPs as antifungal agent and also its use in cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Characterization, synergistic antibacterial and free radical scavenging efficacy of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Cassia roxburghii leaf extract.

In this work, we report for the first time, synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cassia roxburghii leaf extract and evaluate its synergistic antibacterial efficacy and antioxidant potential. The synergistic antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles with commercial antibiotics against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi was evaluated. The antioxidant potential of synthesized silver nanoparticles was evaluated by FRAP and ABTS radical scavenging antioxidant assays. UV-Vis spectra peak at 473 and color change from colorless to brown color confirmed the formation of AgNPs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern confirmed the crystalline nature of synthesized nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed the average size of particles to be 15-20 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the functional groups C. roxburghii leaf that was responsible for the reduction and capping process of nanoparticles. C. roxburghii leaf extract synthesized AgNPs showed good synergistic antimicrobial against Gram-negative bacteria even better than some of the antibiotics used as positive control; they also showed antioxidant potential. The results suggest that the synthesized nanoparticles can be used to treat multidrug resistant microorganisms and stress related diseases and disorders.