Job description and perception of clinical research personnel working in a network of French intensive care units.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of information about the organisation and management of clinical research personnel in Europe and of their professional activity in intensive care. We therefore conducted a cross-sectional survey among personnel currently working in a French intensive care research network that involves 41 centres nationwide. The aim of the survey was to describe the personnel's personal and institutional organisation and management, their job perception in terms of satisfaction and stress, and suggestions for improvement. METHODS: Over 3 months in 2023, the research personnel received an electronic questionnaire on their personal and professional profile, past and present training, workplace and functions currently performed, personal knowledge about job skills required, job satisfaction and stress by as measured on a rating scale, and suggested ways of improvement. RESULTS: Ninety seven people replied to the questionnaire (a response rate of 71.3%), of whom 78 (57.3%) were sufficiently involved in intensive care to provide complete answers. This core sample had profiles in line with French recruitment policies and comprised mainly Bachelor/Master graduates, with nurses accounting for only 21.8%. The female to male ratio was 77:23%. Many responders declared to have a shared activity of technician (for investigation) and assistant (for quality control). More than 70% of the responders considered that most of the tasks required of each worker were major. Figures were much lower for project managers, who were few to take part in the survey. On a scale of 10, the median of job satisfaction was 7 for personal work organisation, 6 for training and for institutional organisation, and only 5 for personal career management. The median of job stress was 5 and was inversely correlated with satisfaction with career management. Respect of autonomy, work-sharing activity between investigation and quality control, a better career progression, financial reward for demanding tasks, and participation in unit staff meetings were the main suggestions to improve employee satisfaction. CONCLUSION: This nationwide survey provides a new insight into the activity of French clinical research personnel and points to ways to improve the quality and efficiency of this workforce.

Soft Skills: The Work of Communication and Persuasion Among Nurse Navigators in Hospital at Home Programs.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of soft skills in the work of Hospital at Home (HaH) nurse navigators. BACKGROUND: In HaH programs that employ them, nurse navigators are often responsible for identifying, assessing, referring, and educating potential HaH patients. The experiences of these navigators have gone understudied. METHODS: Researchers conducted semistructured interviews and observations with nurse navigators (n = 7) who collectively cover 14 North Carolina-based HaH sites. Navigators were asked to keep diaries of responses to directed questions. RESULTS: In their capacity as navigators, interviewees said they served several roles: intermediaries between hospital and HaH staff, interpreters of clinical knowledge for patients, and champions of, and educators for, the home-based program. The navigators noted that the interpersonal soft skills of building rapport, clear communication, and gentle persuasion were of the utmost importance in this work. CONCLUSIONS: The job descriptions of nurse navigators in HaH programs should fully reflect the breadth of their responsibilities, including time performing soft skilled labor. Also, training for these roles should include techniques to develop and refine these skills.

Venous disorders as an occupational disease - a systematic review on epidemiology, pathophysiology, and modification strategies.

Forced postures are common in the workplace. Work in the primary economic sector is characterised by a high degree of physical activity and movement; however, activities in the secondary and tertiary sectors commonly require workers to stand or sit. An expansion of the tertiary sector in recent decades has meant that people in industrialised and emerging economies primarily sit or stand at work. The aim of the systematic review was to identify occupational factors relating to the presence of chronic venous disease (CVD), to place these in the context of developments in the workplace, and to determine whether measures are in place to prevent CVD. We performed a systematic literature review to analyse studies assessing work-related risk factors for CVD. We searched for publications in the PubMed database, the clinic library of BG Hospital Bergmannstrost Halle, and the registry of the German Statutory Accident Insurance. Using occupation-specific keyword combinations, we identified 27,522 publications. The publications underwent an automatic and manual filtering process according to the PRISMA guidelines and 81 publications qualified for the review. Ultimately 25 studies were included in the systematic review. All of the subjects of the studies worked in the secondary and tertiary sectors. No studies looked at the relationship between venous disorders and primary sector occupations. Standing at work for more than four hours a day, repeated heavy lifting, and cumulative time working in a sitting or standing position are risk factors for the development of CVD. Sitting is less of a risk factor than standing or walking. Occupational history and the patient's activity profile are important diagnostic tools which can help confirm a diagnosis and justify treatment when findings are inconsistent. Compression therapy is the primary form of secondary and tertiary prevention. There continues to be a lack of primary preventive measures related to workplace design.

A Claims-Based Method for Identification and Characterization of Practicing Interventional Radiologists.

PURPOSE: To propose a research method for identifying "practicing interventional radiologists" using 2 national claims data sets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 2015-2019 100% Medicare Part B data and 2015-2019 private insurance claims from Optum's Clinformatics Data Mart (CDM) database were used to rank-order radiologists' interventional radiology (IR)-related work as a percentage of total billed work relative value units (RVUs). Characteristics were analyzed at various threshold percentages. External validation used Medicare self-designated specialty with Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) membership records; Youden index evaluated sensitivity and specificity. Multivariate logistic regression assessed practicing IR characteristics. RESULTS: In the Medicare data, above a 10% IR-related work threshold, only 23.8% of selected practicing interventional radiologists were designated as interventional radiologists; above 50% and 90% thresholds, this percentage increased to 42.0% and 47.5%, respectively. The mean percentage of IR-related work among practicing interventional radiologists was 45%, 84%, and 96% of total work RVUs for the 10%, 50%, and 90% thresholds, respectively. At these thresholds, the CDM practicing interventional radiologists included 21.2%, 35.2%, and 38.4% designated interventional radiologists, and evaluation and management services comprised relatively more total work RVUs. Practicing interventional radiologists were more likely to be males, metropolitan, and earlier in their careers than other radiologists at all thresholds. CONCLUSIONS: Most radiologists performing IR-related work are designated in claims data as diagnostic radiologists, indicating insufficiency of specialty designation for IR identification. The proposed method to identify practicing interventional radiologists by percent IR-related work effort could improve generalizability and comparability across claims-based IR studies.

Line Managers' Perspectives and Responses when Employees Burn Out.

PURPOSE: Little is known about whether burnout can be stopped at an emerging stage. To develop this knowledge, we focus on line managers' perspectives and responses when an employee who seems to be heading for burnout is still at work. METHODS: We interviewed 17 line managers working in the educational and health care sectors, who had been confronted with the sickness absence of at least one employee due to burnout in the past. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically. RESULTS: During the period that the employee seemed to be developing burnout while still at work, line managers experienced three different, successive phases: picking up signals, role-taking, and re-evaluation. Line managers' personal frame of reference (e.g., having experience with burnout) seemed to influence whether and how they picked up signals of burnout. Line managers not picking up signals, did not take any action. When picking up the signals, the managers however generally took an active role: they started a conversation, changed work tasks, and - at a later stage - adapted the employee's job description, sometimes without consulting the employee. The managers felt powerless yet learned from the experience when subsequently re-evaluating the period during which employees developed symptoms of burnout. These re-evaluations resulted in an adapted personal frame of reference. CONCLUSION: This study shows that improving line managers' frame of reference, e.g., by organizing meetings and/or training, may help them to detect early signals of burnout and take action. This is a first step to prevent the further development of early burnout symptoms.

Unveiling the landscape: Investigating education, skills, job description, and challenges in sonography professions and framework development.

INTRODUCTION: This paper discusses the current medical sonographer status in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The paper explores the current education, skills, job description, and challenges towards developing sonography professions and a sonographer framework. METHODS: The study employed a quantitative descriptive research approach using a cross-sectional study design to collect and analyse data from sonographers in the UAE. Data was collected through a structured survey that included sections addressing demographic information, education, skills, current practices, and challenges. RESULTS: The data showed a relatively even distribution across different age groups, with a higher proportion falling in the 31-40 age range. Females constitute a slightly higher percentage (55.9 %) than males (44.1 %). The study found that sonographers have the necessary skills and knowledge to interpret the scan results and provide a formal report. A significant percentage of participants taught ultrasound to others and participated in research activities. The survey responses indicate difficulty in reporting sonograms. CONCLUSIONS: The study found that sonographers possess the necessary expertise and skills to pass on their knowledge to trainees and colleagues. The participants expressing a desire to increase their knowledge and skills indicate that sonographers recognised that continuous professional development is crucial for staying updated with advancements in the field. The participant's "Advanced Practitioners" title recommendation suggests a desire for professional recognition, career progression, and specialisations in sonography. Effective interdisciplinary collaboration is important for providing quality patient care. IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE: The paper emphasises the importance of recognising sonography as a vital healthcare profession. It aims to raise awareness about the crucial role of sonographers in patient care. The study also stresses the need for a well-defined career progression framework to guide professional growth and acknowledgement.

Egressos de um programa de residência multiprofissional em cardiopneumologia e inserção no mercado de trabalho / Egresses from a multiprofessional residency program in cardiopneumology and insertion in the labor market / Egresos de un programa de residencia multiprofesional en cardiopneumología e inserción en el mercado de trabajo

A Residência Multiprofissional é uma importante estratégia de Educação Permanente (EPS) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), sendo a primeira oportunidade para muitos recém-graduados de exercer sua profissão e adquirir experiência. O objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer o perfil de profissionais egressos de um programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Cardiopneumologia no Ceará e sua inserção no mercado de trabalho. No estudo, transversal e quantitativo, coletaram-se dados socioeconômicos, sociodemográficos e sobre histórico no mercado de trabalho, entre junho e outubro de 2022, via formulário eletrônico enviado aos egressos. A grande maioria estava empregada, atuando no SUS como terceirizados, vinculados como celetistas ou cooperados, em áreas de atuação diversas, destacando o potencial de contribuição na saúde, na educação e na gestão pública. Estudos com profissionais egressos de outros programas hospitalares são necessários para melhor elucidar as potencialidades, contribuições e lacunas do processo formativo à inserção dos profissionais no mercado de trabalho.

Multiprofessional Residency is an important strategy for Continuing Education (PDE) in the Unified Health System (SUS), being the first opportunity for many recent graduates to exercise their profession and acquire experience. The aim of this study was to know the profile of professionals graduating from a Multiprofessional Residency in Cardiopneumology program in Ceará and their insertion in the labor market. In this cross-sectional and quantitative study, socioeconomic, sociodemographic and labor market history data were collected between June and October 2022, via an electronic form sent to the graduates. The vast majority were employed, working in the SUS as outsourced, contracted, or cooperative workers, in diverse areas, highlighting the potential to contribute to health, education, and public management. Studies with professionals graduating from other hospital programs are necessary to better elucidate the potentialities, contributions, and gaps of the formative process to the insertion of the professionals in the labor market.

La Residencia Multiprofesional es una importante estrategia de Educación Continuada (PDE) en el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS), siendo la primera oportunidad para muchos recién graduados de ejercer su profesión y adquirir experiencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el perfil de los profesionales egresados de un programa de Residencia Multiprofesional en Cardoneumología en Ceará y su inserción en el mercado de trabajo. En este estudio transversal y cuantitativo, se recogieron datos socioeconómicos, sociodemográficos y de historia laboral entre junio y octubre de 2022, a través de un formulario electrónico enviado a los graduados. La gran mayoría estaba empleada, trabajando en el SUS como tercerizados, contratados o cooperativistas, en diversas áreas, destacando el potencial de contribución a la salud, educación y gestión pública. Estudios con profesionales egresados de otros programas hospitalarios son necesarios para dilucidar mejor las potencialidades, contribuciones y lagunas del proceso formativo para la inserción de los profesionales en el mercado de trabajo.

Información de recursos humanos en el sector salud, Perú 2022 / Human resources information in the health sector, Peru 2022

La información, se orienta a la implementación de la política sectorial vinculada al personal de la salud, de modo tal que permita ser un elemento a tomar en cuenta para el desarrollo del trabajo decente de este, redimensionando las intervenciones del Estado a nivel sectorial en favor de la población; significando así, una apuesta clara y cierta para un cambio en la estructura de los procesos que materializan la garantía del Estado de brindar a través del personal de la salud una prestación de servicios de salud con calidad. La obra trasciende el contexto del tránsito de la emergencia sanitaria a un escenario de pospandemia con motivo de la presencia del COVID-19; lo cual significó un reto de grandes proporciones para el Estado Peruano y, como tal, para el Sector Salud. El marcado incremento de la demanda de atención y accesos a los servicios de salud demandó que el Estado Peruano estableciera estrategias para la contención y mitigación del avance de la pandemia. En materia de personal de la salud, bajo los alcances del Decreto Legislativo N° 1057, se incorporaron de manera excepcional al sector salud más de 58 mil profesionales de la salud, destinados a fortalecer la oferta de servicios de salud de las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud de los tres niveles de atención. A través de la publicación, la materia de personal de la salud es tratada a través de cinco secciones, que permiten tener una visión nacional a través de los diferentes actores que participan en el sector salud; permitiendo con ella, la elaboración de indicadores de densidad, disponibilidad y dotación de recursos humanos; los de asignación presupuestaria; así como, las curvas de evolución de los indicadores de dotación; entre otros fines, para lo cual es de vital importancia esta información

Satisfação no trabalho e fatores associados na percepção dos enfermeiros: estudo transversal / Job satisfaction and associated factors in the perception of nurses: cross-sectional study / Satisfacción laboral y factores asociados en la percepción de los enfermeros: estudio transversal

Objetivo: analisar a associação entre satisfação no trabalho e o perfil sociodemográfico e laboral de enfermeiros de hospital universitário. Método: estudo transversal com 134 enfermeiros, de ambos os sexos e independente do tempo de atuação. Foram excluídos aqueles em licença de saúde e férias. Aplicado questionário sociodemográfico e laboral e a Escala de Satisfação no Trabalho. Realizado o Teste qui-quadrado entre as variáveis "satisfação" e "perfil pessoal e profissional" (IC 95%). Resultados: observou-se que 49,3% estavam satisfeitos no trabalho, 41,0% indiferentes e 9,7% insatisfeitos. Entre perfil e nível de satisfação, houve diferença significativa para "faixa etária", "desejo de mudança de emprego" e "horário de trabalho". Conclusão: a relação entre idade, horário de trabalho e mudança de emprego potencializavam a satisfação ou insatisfação no trabalho contribuem para adoção de medidas de manutenção da satisfação e reversão da indiferença, fato este preocupante no contexto da saúde do trabalhador de enfermagem(AU)

Objective: to analyze the association between job satisfaction and the sociodemographic and work profile of nurses at a university hospital. Method: cross-sectional study with 134 nurses of both sexes and regardless of length of experience. Those on sick leave and vacation were excluded. Sociodemographic and labor questionnaire and the Job Satisfaction Scale were applied. The chi-square test was performed between the variables "satisfaction" and "personal and professional profile" (95% CI). Results: it was observed that 49.3% were satisfied at work, 41.0% were indifferent and 9.7% were dissatisfied. Between profile and level of satisfaction, there was a significant difference for "age group", "desire to change jobs" and "working hours". Conclusion: relationship between age, working hours and job change increased job satisfaction or dissatisfaction contributed to the adoption of measures to maintain satisfaction and reverse indifference, a worrying fact in the context of nursing workers' health(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre la satisfacción laboral y el perfil sociodemográfico y laboral de los enfermeros de un hospital universitario. Método: estudio transversal con 134 enfermeros de ambos sexos e independientemente del tiempo de experiencia. Se excluyeron los que estaban de baja por enfermedad y de vacaciones. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico, laboral y la Escala de Satisfacción Laboral. Se realizó la prueba de chi cuadrado entre las variables "satisfacción" y "perfil personal y profesional" (IC 95%). Resultados: se observó que el 49,3% se mostró satisfecho en el trabajo, el 41,0% se mostró indiferente y el 9,7% se mostró insatisfecho. Entre perfil y nivel de satisfacción, hubo diferencia significativa para "grupo de edad", "deseo de cambiar de trabajo" y "horario de trabajo". Conclusión: la relación entre edad, jornada de trabajo y cambio de empleo potencializó la satisfacción o insatisfacción laboral contribuyó a la adopción de medidas para mantener la satisfacción y revertir la indiferencia, hecho preocupante en el contexto de la salud de los trabajadores de enfermería(AU)

Recruiting New Talent for Public Health Jobs With Evidence-Based Job Descriptions and Attractive Job Postings.

CONTEXT: With $7.4 billion from the American Rescue Plan funding new hires in the public health workforce, health departments could benefit from well-written, accurate job descriptions and job postings/advertisements to attract candidates. PROGRAM: We wrote accurate job descriptions for 24 jobs common in governmental public health settings. IMPLEMENTATION: We searched the gray literature for existing templates of job descriptions, job task analyses, lists of competencies, or bodies of knowledge; synthesized several currently posted job descriptions per occupation; utilized the 2014 National Board of Public Health Examiners' job task analysis data; and gathered feedback from current public health professionals in each field. We then engaged a marketing specialist to change the job descriptions into advertisements. DISCUSSION: Several occupations examined did not have available job task analyses, while others had multiple. This project appears to be the first time that a list of existing job task analyses have been compiled together. Health departments have a special opportunity to replenish their workforce. Having evidence-based and vetted job descriptions that can be tailored for specific health departments' usage will accelerate their recruitment efforts and attract more qualified candidates.

Contextos de saúde e trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19 / Health and work contexts of nursing professionals during the pandemic of COVID-19 / Contextos de salud y trabajo de profesionales de enfermería en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19

Introdução: Ao desempenhar e promover práticas que visam a melhoria da saúde, a equipe de enfermagem se assumiu como protagonista e linha de frente em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19. Logo, fica evidente a exposição pessoal-profissional-familiar; a carência de pessoal e a insegurança laboral-emocional, além das consequências que vão recair sobre os contextos de saúde e de trabalho destes profissionais. Objetivo: Analisar os contextos de saúde e trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: Estudo de método misto, combinando as abordagens por meio da estratégia de incorporação concomitante - QUAN(qual), realizado em Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre agosto e dezembro de 2020. Aplicou-se, via ligação telefônica, um roteiro de perguntas a 58 profissionais enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem. O roteiro continha perguntas abertas e fechadas ligadas a questões sociodemográficas e aos contextos e condições de saúde, trabalho e COVID-19. Realizou-se análise quantitativa descritiva e Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: A maioria mulheres (93,1%) técnicas de enfermagem (69%). 39,7% trabalhavam em plantão noturno; 58,6% relataram terem sofrido violências no trabalho e 48,3% relataram diagnósticos de transtorno mental. Os contextos de trabalho na pandemia evidenciaram necessidade de estímulos e valorização profissional e relações com fatores institucionais, a dinâmica e organização do trabalho, condições adequadas de trabalho e ao favorável relacionamento interpessoal, enquanto que contextos de saúde evidenciaram relação com interesses, oportunidades, rotina, normalidade, esperança e tenacidade que seriam trazidos pelo fim da COVID-19. Conclusão: A pandemia de COVID-19 fortaleceu um contexto de saúde e de trabalho crítico, amedrontado e inseguro da equipe de Enfermagem brasileira, exacerbando a necessidade de providências, ações e políticas que considerem a Saúde do Trabalhador como estruturantes para a organização dos serviços.

Introducción: Al realizar y promover prácticas que tienen como objetivo la mejora de la salud, el equipo de enfermería asumió el protagonismo en los tiempos de la pandemia por COVID-19. Por tanto, es evidente la exposición personal-profesional-familiar, la falta de personal y la inseguridad laboral-emocional, además de las consecuencias que recaerán sobre la salud y los contextos laborales de este grupo profesional. Objetivo: Analizar el contexto sanitario y laboral de profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio de método mixto, combinando los abordajes a través de la estrategia de incorporación concomitante - QUAN(qual), realizado en Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre agosto y diciembre de 2020. Se aplicó un guion de preguntas, mediante llamada telefónica, a 58 profesionales, personal técnico y auxiliares de enfermería. El guion contenía preguntas abiertas y cerradas relacionadas con cuestiones sociodemográficas y los contextos y condiciones de salud, trabajo y COVID-19. Se realizó un análisis cuantitativo descriptivo y un análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: La mayor parte de la muestra estuvo compuesta por mujeres (93.1 %) y personal técnico de enfermería (69 %). El 39.7 % trabajaba en turno de noche, el 58.6 % declaró haber sufrido violencia en el trabajo y el 48.3 % informó de diagnósticos de trastorno mental. Los contextos de trabajo en la pandemia mostraron la necesidad de estímulo y valoración profesional y las relaciones con los factores institucionales, la dinámica y la organización del trabajo, las condiciones adecuadas de trabajo y la relación interpersonal favorable. Los contextos de salud, mientras tanto, mostraron una relación con los intereses, las oportunidades, la rutina, la normalidad, la esperanza y la tenacidad que se produciría al final de la COVID-19. Conclusión: La pandemia de la COVID-19 fortaleció un contexto de salud y trabajo crítico, atemorizado e inseguro del equipo de enfermería brasileño, exacerbando la necesidad de providencias, acciones y políticas que consideren la salud de la persona trabajadora como estructurante para la organización de los servicios.

Introduction: By performing and promoting practices that aim to improve health, the nursing team has assumed itself as a protagonist during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the personal, professional, and family exposure is evident; the lack of personnel and occupational security, in addition to the consequences on the health and work contexts of these professionals. Objective: To analyze the health and work contexts of nursing professionals during the pandemic of COVID-19. Methodology: This is a mixed-method study that combines approaches through the concurrent incorporation strategy - QUAN(qual), conducted in Minas Gerais, Brazil, between August and December 2020. A script of questions was applied over the phone to 58 professional nurses, nursing technicians, and nursing assistants. The script included open and closed questions related to sociodemographic issues and health, work, and COVID-19 contexts and conditions. A descriptive quantitative analysis and thematic content analysis were performed. Results: The majority were women (93.1%) nursing technicians (69%). The 39.7% of the participants worked the night shift; the 58.6% reported experiencing violence at work and the 48.3% was diagnosed with mental disorders. The work contexts during the pandemic showed that there was a need for encouragement and professional evaluation; they also portrayed the relationships with the institutional factors, the work dynamics and the organization, the appropriate working conditions and the favorable interpersonal relationships. On the other hand, health contexts showed the relationship between interests, opportunities, routine, normality, hope and tenacity that would occur at the end of COVID-19. Conclusion: The pandemic of COVID-19 strengthened a critical, fearful, and insecure health and work context of the Brazilian nursing team, exacerbating the need for provisions, actions and policies that consider worker's health crucial for the organization of services.

Complaints against Physicians in Minas Gerais, Brazil / Quejas contra médicos en Minas Gerais, Brasil / Reclamações contra médicos em Minas Gerais, Brasil

The Regional Councils of Medicine are responsible for the first instance evaluation of ethical-professional complaints against physicians in each federation state. The relevance of the study is based on the importance of evaluating the professional profile of the reported physician, the characteristics of the complaints, and the judging body performance. This study assessed 966 complaints against physicians made to the Regional Council of Medicine of Minas Gerais (CRM/MG) from 2012 to 2017. There was no difference in the average age of the professionals or the period of professional practice. Gynecology, Internal Medicine, General Surgery, and Plastic Surgery comprised most of the complaints regarding medical specialties. The non-specialty reports reached 323 (34%) cases and predominated over the years studied. The number of acquittals was relatively high, in a total of 535 cases, in which the Regional Council of Medicine of Minas Gerais (CRM/MG) considered the complaints unfounded. The hypothesis of a certain corporativism of the CRM did not seem viable since thirty cases received harsher punishments, and among them, eight were removed from professional practice. Some professionals were reported more than once. It is worth noting that the number of recidivists and cases progressively decreased from 2012 to 2017.

Los Consejos Regionales de Medicina son responsables de la evaluación en primera instancia de las denuncias ético-profesionales contra médicos en cada estado de la federación. La relevancia del estudio se basa en la importancia de evaluar el perfil profesional del médico denunciado, las características de las denuncias y la actuación del órgano juzgador. Este estudio evaluó 966 denuncias contra médicos presentadas al Consejo Regional de Medicina de Minas Gerais (CRM/MG) de 2012 a 2017. No hubo diferencias en la edad media de los profesionales ni en el período de ejercicio profesional. Ginecología, Medicina Interna, Cirugía General y Cirugía Plástica englobaron la mayoría de las denuncias relativas a especialidades médicas. Las denuncias de no especialidad alcanzaron 323 (34%) casos y predominaron a lo largo de los años estudiados. El número de absoluciones fue relativamente elevado, en un total de 535 casos, en los que el Consejo Regional de Medicina de Minas Gerais (CRM/MG) consideró infundadas las denuncias. La hipótesis de un cierto corporativismo del CRM no pareció viable, ya que treinta casos recibieron castigos más severos y, entre ellos, ocho fueron apartados del ejercicio profesional. Algunos profesionales fueron denunciados más de una vez. Cabe destacar que el número de reincidentes y de casos disminuyó progresivamente de 2012 a 2017.

Os Conselhos Regionais de Medicina são responsáveis pelas avaliações, em primeira instância, de denúncias ético-profissionais contra médicos, em cada estado da federação. A relevância do presente estudo se fundamenta na importância de se avaliar o perfil profissional do denunciado, as características das denúncias e o desempenho do órgão julgador. O presente estudo avaliou 966 denúncias contra médicos, feitas ao Conselho Regional de Medicina de Minas Gerais (CRM/MG), de 2012 a 2017. Não houve diferença com relação à média de idade do profissional, nem com relação ao tempo de exercício profissional. No que diz respeito às especialidades médicas (tabela 5), as áreas de Ginecologia, Clínica Médica, Cirurgia Geral e Cirurgia Plástica compreenderam grande parte das denúncias. Os denunciados sem especialidade alcançaram o no número de 323 (34%) e predominaram. O número de absolvições foi relativamente alto, num total de 535 denunciados, nos quais o Conselho Regional de Medicina de Minas Gerais (CRM/MG) considerou as acusações infundadas. A hipótese de certo corporativismo do CRM, não pareceu viável, visto que trinta casos receberam punição mais severa, dentre os quais, oito cassações do exercício profissional. Alguns profissionais foram denunciados mais de uma vez. Vale observar que o número de profissionais reincidentes, bem como o número de processos decaiu progressivamente, de 2012 a 2017.

Evaluation of the updated SOCcer v2 algorithm for coding free-text job descriptions in three epidemiologic studies.

OBJECTIVES: Computer-assisted coding of job descriptions to standardized occupational classification codes facilitates evaluating occupational risk factors in epidemiologic studies by reducing the number of jobs needing expert coding. We evaluated the performance of the 2nd version of SOCcer, a computerized algorithm designed to code free-text job descriptions to US SOC-2010 system based on free-text job titles and work tasks, to evaluate its accuracy. METHODS: SOCcer v2 was updated by expanding the training data to include jobs from several epidemiologic studies and revising the algorithm to account for nonlinearity and incorporate interactions. We evaluated the agreement between codes assigned by experts and the highest scoring code (a measure of confidence in the algorithm-predicted assignment) from SOCcer v1 and v2 in 14,714 jobs from three epidemiology studies. We also linked exposure estimates for 258 agents in the job-exposure matrix CANJEM to the expert and SOCcer v2-assigned codes and compared those estimates using kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients. Analyses were stratified by SOCcer score, score distance between the top two scoring codes from SOCcer, and features from CANJEM. RESULTS: SOCcer's v2 agreement at the 6-digit level was 50%, compared to 44% in v1, and was similar for the three studies (38%-45%). Overall agreement for v2 at the 2-, 3-, and 5-digit was 73%, 63%, and 56%, respectively. For v2, median ICCs for the probability and intensity metrics were 0.67 (IQR 0.59-0.74) and 0.56 (IQR 0.50-0.60), respectively. The agreement between the expert and SOCcer assigned codes linearly increased with SOCcer score. The agreement also improved when the top two scoring codes had larger differences in score. CONCLUSIONS: Overall agreement with SOCcer v2 applied to job descriptions from North American epidemiologic studies was similar to the agreement usually observed between two experts. SOCcer's score predicted agreement with experts and can be used to prioritize jobs for expert review.

Automated Coding of Job Descriptions From a General Population Study: Overview of Existing Tools, Their Application and Comparison.

OBJECTIVES: Automatic job coding tools were developed to reduce the laborious task of manually assigning job codes based on free-text job descriptions in census and survey data sources, including large occupational health studies. The objective of this study is to provide a case study of comparative performance of job coding and JEM (Job-Exposure Matrix)-assigned exposures agreement using existing coding tools. METHODS: We compared three automatic job coding tools [AUTONOC, CASCOT (Computer-Assisted Structured Coding Tool), and LabourR], which were selected based on availability, coding of English free-text into coding systems closely related to the 1988 version of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88), and capability to perform batch coding. We used manually coded job histories from the AsiaLymph case-control study that were translated into English prior to auto-coding to assess their performance. We applied two general population JEMs to assess agreement at exposure level. Percent agreement and PABAK (Prevalence-Adjusted Bias-Adjusted Kappa) were used to compare the agreement of results from manual coders and automatic coding tools. RESULTS: The coding per cent agreement among the three tools ranged from 17.7 to 26.0% for exact matches at the most detailed 4-digit ISCO-88 level. The agreement was better at a more general level of job coding (e.g. 43.8-58.1% in 1-digit ISCO-88), and in exposure assignments (median values of PABAK coefficient ranging 0.69-0.78 across 12 JEM-assigned exposures). Based on our testing data, CASCOT was found to outperform others in terms of better agreement in both job coding (26% 4-digit agreement) and exposure assignment (median kappa 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we observed that agreement on job coding was generally low for the three tools but noted a higher degree of agreement in assigned exposures. The results indicate the need for study-specific evaluations prior to their automatic use in general population studies, as well as improvements in the evaluated automatic coding tools.

The effects of job characteristics on physicians' orientation toward lifelong learning.

With the rapidly growing body of medical knowledge, physicians must engage in lifelong learning. Physicians' orientation toward lifelong learning is of crucial importance. This study aimed to explore the effects of job characteristics on physicians' lifelong learning. A multicenter study collecting data from physicians from three medical centers in Taiwan was performed. A total of 321 physicians were surveyed with the Chinese version of the Job Content Questionnaire (C-JCQ) and the revised Jefferson Scale of Physician Lifelong Learning (JeffSPLL) to assess their job characteristics (i.e., job demands, job control, social support) and orientation toward lifelong learning. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to validate both questionnaires. Hierarchical regression was utilized to explore the relationship of job characteristics and predictors with physicians' lifelong learning. The results revealed that job demands (ß = 0.10), job control (ß = 0.19), social support from supervisors (ß = 0.16), the interaction of job demands × job control (ß = - 0.11) and the interaction of job demands × social support from colleagues (ß = 0.13) were significantly (p < .05, p < .001) related to lifelong learning. Moreover, physicians in the active group (high demand, high control) possessed a stronger orientation toward lifelong learning (mean = 3.57) than those in the low-strain group (mean = 3.42), high-strain group (mean = 3.39) and passive group (mean = 3.20). In conclusion, examining physicians' job demands, job control and social support helps us to understand their orientation toward lifelong learning and may provide insight to improve educational strategies.

The work of managing a chronic illness: A job description.

RATIONALE: Self-management of a chronic illness is a struggle for many patients. There is substantial evidence that patients are not as successful as they and their providers would like. Considering patient self-management through an innovative and diverse lens could help patients, providers and the health care system to consider novel changes to improve success. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To provide a complete view of patient work by utilizing the human resources management practice of job analysis to develop an initial job description for patients suffering from chronic illness. METHODS: Study design was descriptive qualitative with analysis aiming to identify those reoccurring ideas from the data. Thirty patients, with at least one chronic illness, in three focus groups were assembled for this study. Verbatim recordings and notes were used to categorize the data provided. Five coders analyzed the data independently, and jointly met to discuss the themes identified. Demographic data was collected via surveys. RESULTS: Patients with chronic illness engage in five primary 'job' duties including self-care (actions taken to effectively manage physical and psychological symptoms), managing relationships (effective management of relationships with employers, family, friends and providers to ensure the best outcomes), managing resources (understanding and managing finances, health and prescription medication insurance), coordination (managing and scheduling visits to providers) and research/education (gathering information and conducting research relative to all aspects of managing one's illness). Relevant knowledge, skills, abilities (KSAs) and other resources were identified that are necessary for patients to effectively perform the five job duties. CONCLUSIONS: Creating a job description for the 'job' of patient is a crucial step in understanding the work chronically ill patients undertake. Knowing the duties, their associated tasks and KSAs, and resources required to perform those tasks enables patients and their providers and advocates to better identify ways to assist, relieve and encourage these patients in order to maximize patient success.

Perfil dos fonoaudiólogos com formação em motricidade orofacial no Brasil / Profile of speech therapists trained in orofacial myology in Brazil

RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar o perfil do fonoaudiólogo brasileiro com formação especializada em motricidade orofacial (MO). Métodos Estudo descritivo e exploratório, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre setembro 2022 e fevereiro 2023, com parceria do Conselho Federal de Fonoaudiologia. Participaram 87 fonoaudiólogos com formação em MO. Resultados Evidenciou-se predominância feminina, faixa etária entre 41 e 50 anos e tempo de formação especializada em MO entre 16 e 20 anos; maioria com título de especialista e da Região Sudeste do Brasil, atuando em consultórios/ambulatórios e/ou clínicas, com ações interdisciplinares com Medicina e Odontologia, abrangendo adultos e crianças, principalmente na rede privada. Prevaleceram os domínios da MO quanto à reabilitação de estruturas moles e hábito oral e maior uso de tecnologias: leve - acolhimento e assistência; leve-dura - avaliação e terapia e dura - fotobiomodulação. Conclusão Os fonoaudiólogos brasileiros com formação especializada em MO, participantes do estudo, são, em sua maioria, mulheres com mais de 41 anos de idade, que detêm titulação de especialista, com práticas nos vários domínios e níveis de tecnologia da área, principalmente em diagnóstico e reabilitação dos distúrbios miofuncionais orofaciais.

ABSTRACT Purpose To characterize the profile of Brazilian speech therapists with specialized training in orofacial myology (OM). Methods Descriptive and exploratory, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, carried out between September 2022 and February 2023, in partnership with CFFa. Eighty-seven speech therapists with specialized training in OM participated. Results showed female predominance, age between 41 and 50 years, and time of specialized training in OM between 16-20 years; most with specialist titles in the Southeast of Brazil. Most work in offices/outpatient clinics and/or clinics with interdisciplinary actions with Medicine and Dentistry; seeing adults and children, mainly in a private sector. As to OM domains there was a predominance of rehabilitation of soft structures and oral habits, and most use technologies: light - reception and assistance, light-hard - evaluation and therapy, and hard - photobiomodulation (40.2%). Conclusion The Brazilian speech therapists with specialized training in OM participating in the study are mostly women over 41 years old, who hold the title of specialists, and carry out practices in various domains and levels of technology in the area, with a predominance of diagnosis and rehabilitation of oromyofunctional disorders.

Modelo de evaluación de la competencia investigativa del licenciado en Imagenología / Model for evaluating the researching competence of the graduate in Imaging

Fundamento: la evaluación del desempeño profesional y la competencia constituye el eje fundamental del modelo cubano para el análisis y evaluación de la calidad en la educación y práctica médicas. Objetivo: diseñar un modelo de evaluación de la competencia investigativa del licenciado en Imagenología. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo en los centros de atención secundaria del municipio Holguín desde 2021 a 2022. Se emplearon métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis, sistémico-estructural-funcional y modelación; y empíricos: análisis documental y cuestionario a licenciados en Imagenología. Para la valoración del modelo se empleó el criterio de 10 especialistas con reconocido prestigio en los centros de atención. Los indicadores fueron la pertinencia, utilidad, factibilidad. Resultados: se constataron insuficiencias en la competencia investigativa evidenciadas en el desempeño profesional. Se elaboró un modelo de evaluación compuesto por dos subsistemas: teórico funcional y contextualización; de sus relaciones deviene una nueva cualidad que se enuncia en la mejora del desempeño profesional investigativo para la solución de problemas tecnológicos y biomédicos. Conclusiones: los dos subsistemas que componen el modelo de evaluación de la competencia investigativa tienen una relación de coordinación. Los especialistas lo valoraron como pertinente, útil y factible de ser aplicado.

Background: the evaluation of professional performance and competence constitutes the fundamental axis of the Cuban model for the analysis and evaluation of quality in medical education and practice. Objective: to design a model for evaluating the research competence of the graduate in Imaging. Methods: a development investigation was carried out in the secondary care centers of the Holguín municipality from 2021 to 2022. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, analysis-synthesis, systemic-structural-functional and modeling; and empirical: documentary analysis and questionnaire to graduates in Imaging. To evaluate the model, the criteria of 10 specialists with recognized prestige in care centers were used. The indicators were relevance, usefulness, feasibility. Results: insufficiencies in the researching competence were found, evidenced in professional performance. An evaluation model composed of two subsystems was developed: functional theory and contextualization; from their relationships becomes a new quality that is expressed in the improvement of professional researching performance for the solution of technological and biomedical problems. Conclusions: the two subsystems that make up the research competence evaluation model have a coordination relationship. The specialists valued it as pertinent, useful and feasible to be applied.

Evaluación del impacto de la especialidad Oftalmología en el desarrollo docente de sus egresados / Assessment of the impact of the Ophthalmology specialty on the teaching development of its graduates

Fundamento: la evaluación del impacto en el contexto de la educación superior es el proceso mediante el cual se valoran los cambios que ocurren en el egresado por influencia del programa, un tiempo después de aplicadas las acciones formativas. Objetivo: evaluar el impacto de la especialidad Oftalmología en el desarrollo docente de sus egresados en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Mariana Grajales Coello" de Holguín. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de evaluación con enfoque mixto y de corte transversal en el campo del posgrado académico, en el período enero 2021-junio 2022. Se aplicaron métodos teóricos y empírico: cuestionario para obtener información sobre la percepción de los egresados respecto al impacto de la especialidad en su preparación docente. El procesamiento incluyó análisis de frecuencias relativas, índice de posición, la correlación elemento escala y el índice de Cronbach para la confiabilidad. Resultados: las subdimensiones aportes al dominio de las categorías de la didáctica, preparación en el trabajo metodológico, preparación en la organización y dirección del trabajo docente calificaron de Alto el impacto de la especialidad en la preparación docente de los egresados. Además, hubo 47 % de participación en la ejecución de actividades docentes de pregrado y posgrado después de haber cursado la especialidad. Conclusiones: la percepción de los egresados evidenció el alto impacto de la especialidad Oftalmología en su preparación docente, componente esencial en la educación médica para la calidad del proceso docente educativo.

Background: impact evaluation in the context of higher education is the process through which the changes that occur in the graduate due to the influence of the program are assessed, sometime after the training actions have been applied. Objective: to assess the impact of the Ophthalmology specialty on the teaching development of its graduates at "Mariana Grajales Coello" Faculty of Medical Sciences in Holguín. Methods: an evaluation study was carried out with a mixed and cross-sectional approach in the field of academic postgraduate studies, from January 2021 toJune 2022. Theoretical and empirical methods were applied: questionnaire to obtain information on the perception of graduates regarding the impact of the specialty on their teaching preparation. The processing included analysis of relative frequencies, position index, scale element correlation and Cronbach's index for reliability. Results: the sub dimensions contributions to the mastery of the categories of didactics, preparation in methodological work, preparation in the organization and direction of teaching work rated the impact of the specialty on the teaching preparation of graduates as High. In addition, there was 47% participation in the execution of undergraduate and graduate teaching activities after having completed the specialty. Conclusions: the perception of the graduates evidenced the high impact of the Ophthalmology specialty on their teaching preparation, an essential component in medical education for the quality of the educational teaching process.