[Cholesterol metabolism in patients with ischemic heart disease with varying supplies of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids]. / Obmen kholesterina u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa pri razlichnom obespechenii polinenasyshchennymi zhirnymi kislotami semeistva omega-3.

Patients with ischemic heart disease and with hyperlipidemia of the IIa, IIb and IV types as well as not exhibiting any pronounced alterations in cholesterol metabolism were treated with various amounts of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) introduced into the basic antiatherosclerotic diet: 1 group--content of the essential factor 0.2 g/day, 2 group--increased content of natural products with PUFA up to 1 g/day, 3 group--increased PUFA content due to the drug "euconol" 5 g/day. Administration of the PUFA omega-3 into the basic antiatherosclerotic diet contributed to development of adequate clinico-biochemical alterations; under these conditions content of alpha-cholesterol in blood correlated directly to concentration of polyunsaturated cholesterol esters and PUFA omega-3 (eicosapentaenate and docosahexaenate) as well as reverse correlation was found between content of total cholesterol and these molecular forms of cholesterol esters studied. Enrichment of the diet with PUFA omega-3 did not cause any alterations in content of primary bile acids in blood thus suggesting that PUFA omega-3 did not affect the cholesterol catabolism. These data enabled us to plot the graph for individual evaluation of cholesterol metabolism in patients with ischemic heart disease involving alterations in the spectrum of esterified cholesterols in blood before and after the treatment course.

[Characteristics of lipids of microbial origin with regard to triglyceride composition and comparison of them to plant oils]. / Kharakteristika lipidov mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia po triatsilglitserinovomu sostavu i ikh sravnenie s rastitel'nymi maslami.

The triacylglycerol composition of lipids isolated from the yeasts Candida guilliermondii and C. humicola and of food vegetable oils was investigated by HPLC. The triacylglycerol composition of samples was compared using the program "Nearest neighbour" and by plotting images with the help of the software package STATGRAPHICS. The methods used allow us to conclude that microbial lipids are rather promising.

[Triacylglycerols in human milk and milk mixtures for infant feeding]. / Triatsilglitseriny zhenskogo moloka i molochnykh smesei dlia detskogo pitaniia.

High-performance liquid chromatography and computer program for identification of individual triacylglycerols (TAG) were employed for investigation of TAG composition of mature breast milk and 8 specimens of dry milk food for infants. The comparison was made by 15 molecular types of breast milk TAG using methods "close neighbour" and "star symbol plot" (Statgraphics). The composition appeared quite different. The design of artificial nutrition for infants basing on identity of fatty acids is believed inadequate as it cannot reproduce Tag composition of natural breast milk.

[Molecular types of breast milk triacylglycerols at various stages of lactation]. / Molekuliarnye tipy triatsilglitserinov zhenskogo moloka na razlichnykh stadiiakh laktatsii.

The composition of individual triacylglycerols was studied in women milk in various periods of lactation. The spectra of triacylglycerols were studied in the early lactation milk, in the mature milk and in the late lactation milk using a method of "main components", the program of "immediate neighbour" as well as by construction of graphic plot (by means of a set "Statgraphics"). The methods of calculation used enabled one to find great differences in the triacylglycerol spectrum of mature milk as compared with those of milk in the early and late periods of lactation.

[Identification of cholesterol esters using topological criteria]. / Identifikatsiia éfirov kholesterina na osove topologicheskikh indeksov.

Cholesterol esters obtained from biological sources were separated using highly-effective liquid chromatography. Identification of individual molecular forms of these esters was carried out by means of linear correlation between the period of their retaining and the topological indices by Balaban and Randich, describing the structure of descriptors (acyl group) in cholesterol esters.

[The vitamin E allowance of rats on different combinations of sunflower and soybean oils in their diets]. / Obespechennost' krys vitaminom E pri razlichnykh sochetaniiakh podsolnechnogo i soevogo masel v ikh ratsionakh.

Soybean oil and its combinations with sunflower oil, as 1:1 and 1:3, were used in the rations intended for rats. As it is evidenced by the data on the content of tocopherol in the tissues, malonic dialdehide in the liver, diene conjugates in the liver and red blood cells, and red blood cell resistance, the fatty products used in the rations sufficiently provided the animals with antioxidants. The role of tocopherol isomers and phosphatides, as synergists of antioxidants in varying combinations of soybean and sunflower oils, formed for simultaneous intake of linoleic and linolenic acids with the ration, has been analyzed.

[Molecular forms of triacylglycerols in edible vegetable oils (review of the literature)]. / Molekuliarnye vidy triatsilglitserinov pishchevykh rastitel'nykh masel (obzor).

Data on the composition of major and minor molecular forms of triacylglycerols from edible vegetable oils are reviewed. To estimate the food and biological value of vegetable oils, an attempt was made to classify them according to their triacylglycerol composition.

[Identification of nutritious vegetable oils by their triglyceride composition]. / Identifikatsiia pishchevykh rastitel'nykh masel po triglitseridnomu sostavu.

Three criteria have been suggested for the identification of food vegetable oils: the ratio of the summary area of triglyceride peaks and the summary area of the reference peaks; a set of peaks of critical pairs of oil triglycerides and their relationship expressed as the percent of the maximum peak. To prove the correctness of the identification a previously known oil is analyzed and its characteristics are compared to those of the oil under study. A mixture of saturated triglycerides with equivalent carbon numbers 30-56 is used as a reference one. A total of 16 vegetable oils have been identified with the use of the method suggested.

[Comparative analysis of the composition of the molecular forms of triglycerides in the fat of iwashi sardines and of traditional plant oils]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz sostava molekuliarnykh form triglitseridov zhira sardiny ivasi i nekotorykh traditsionnykh rastitel'nykh masel.

A comparative analysis of molecular forms of triglycerides (MFTG) isolated from iwashi sardine fat and from certain routine vegetable oils (sunflower and corn oils) has shown that MFTG from iwashi fat considerably outnumber those from vegetable oils. Most triglycerides from ivasi fat contain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUSFA) of p-3 series, and with the increase of the molecular mass the amount of PUSFA decreases insignificantly.

[Effect of alimentary alpha-tocopherol deficiency on the fatty acid composition of phospholipids in the subcellular membranes of the liver cells and high density lipoproteins in the blood plasma]. / Vliianie alimentarnoi nedostatochnosti alpha-tokoferla na zhirno-kislotnyi sostav fosfolipidov subkletochnykh membran pechenochnykh kletok i lipoproteidov vysokoi plotnosti plazmy krovi.

In experiments on rats a positive correlation was demonstrated between the changes in the fatty-acid composition of hepatocytic intracellular membrane phospholipids and blood plasma high density lipoproteins. The data obtained evidence the existence in the blood of several mechanisms of alpha-tocopherol deficiency action on hepatocytic phospholipids and blood plasma protein-lipid complexes.

[Clinico-experimental approaches to studying the hypocholesteremic action of soy proteins]. / Kliniko-éksperimental'nye podkhody k izucheniiu gipokholesterinemicheskogo deistviia belkov soi.

The effect of diets containing soybean proteins substituting a significant portion of meat proteins was studied in patients with hyperlipidemia, type IIa, and in experiments on rats. It was found that soybean proteins included into the diet induced blood plasma amino acid imbalance, changed the excretion of some amino acids with urine, and significantly diminished the blood plasma cholesterol level. In the experiments on rats a reduced rate was noted in the low-density lipoprotein apoprotein formation and high-density lipoprotein apoprotein regeneration in the blood plasma. It is suggested that the hypocholesterolemic effect of soybean proteins is caused by decreased apoprotein E synthesis and metabolism due to low levels of blood plasma lysine and arginine.

[Lipoprotein metabolism in the blood plasma and liver in alimentary dyslipoproteinemias in an experiment]. / Obmen lipoproteidov v plazme krovi i pecheni pri alimentarnykh dislipoproteidemiiakh v éksperimente.

It has been shown in rats with experimental alimentary dyslipoproteinemias that the rate of metabolism of the basic apoproteins of blood plasma lipoproteins and lipid-transporting proteins of the liver experiences certain changes. It is postulated that variation in the rate of metabolism of the proteins under consideration influences the intensity of lipid (phospholipid, cholesterol) exchange between different classes of lipoproteins in blood plasma as well as between the latter lipoproteins and plasma membranes of liver cells.

[Effect of dietary proteins on phospholipid transport between the subcellular membranes and restoration of lipid-transporting proteins in the liver]. / Vliianie belka ratsiona na transport fosfolipidov mezhdu subkletochnymi membranami i obnovlenie lipidperenosiashchikh belkov pecheni.

It has been demonstrated in experiments on Wistar rats that change in the protein quality and quota in the diet exerts an effect on intracellular phospholipid transport in the liver. In this case, the rate of the renewal of lipid-transporting proteins (LTP) in the liver decreases only with a considerable diminution of protein (6% of the diet caloric value). Sufficient quota of vegetable proteins in the diet (12% of the caloric value) produced changes in the rate of LTP synthesis only in the process of adaptation to a new protein source, deficient in individual amino acids.